On the margins of minority life: Zoroastrians and the state in Safavid Iran

This article looks at the treatment of the Zoroastrians by central and provincial authorities in early modern Yazd, Kirman and Isfahan, emphasizing the institutional weaknesses of the central or khāsṣạ protection they were supposed to benefit from under the Safavids (907–1135/1501– 1722). It is argued that the maltreatment the Zoroastrians endured under the Safavids had little to do with religious bigotry. Rather, it arose from rivalries between the central and the provincial services of the Safavid bureaucracy, putting Zoroastrians in Yazd, Kirman, Sistan and Isfahan at risk of over-taxation, extortion, forced labour and religious persecution. The argument developed in this article pivots on the material interest of the central and the provincial agents of the Safavid bureaucracy in the revenue and labour potentials of the Zoroastrians, and the way in which the conflict of interest between these two sectors led to such acts of persecution as over-taxation, forced labour, extortion and violenc

Manuel d'astronomie, accompagné de figures et suivi d'un traité sur l'astrolabe.

Numérisation effectuée à partir d'un document de substitution.Commencement :الحمد لله مانح عطايه و كاشف غطايه. C'est la traduction d'un ouvrage persan, à savoir les Éléments d'astronomie d'Abou ʾl-Raïḥân Moḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Bîroûnî

Chronologie orientalischer Völker

von Albêrûnî. Hrsg. von C. Eduard Sacha

The Book of instruction in the elements of the art of astrology : written in Ghaznah, 1029 A. D.; reproduced from Brit. Mus. MS. Or. 8349

by Abuʾl-Rayḥān Muḥammad Ibn Aḥmad al-Bīrūnī. The translation facing the text by R. Ramsay WrightNamensform des Übersetzers im Paralleltitel: Ramzī Rai

The chronology of Ancient Nations : an English version of the Arabic text of the Athâr-ul-Bâkiya of Albîrûnî ; or "Vestiges of the past", collected and reduced to writing by the author in A.H. 390-1, A.D. 1000

Muḥammad Ibn-Aḥmad al- Bīrūnī. Transl. and ed, with notes and index by C. Edward SachauARA

Die Einleitung zu al-Bīrūnīs Steinbuch

Mit Erläuterungen übersetzt von Takī ed-Dīn al-Hilāl