Survey of occurrence of bacteria Vibrio cholera in the two provinces Baghdad and Babel

The present study was branched into two lines ,the first line aim to study Tigris River within Baghdad city  and Euphrates  River within Babel city to assess physical ,chemical and biological factors of  rivers water that Affect  the quality of water . the second line is isolating and diagnosis of  Vibrio  cholera bacteria from clinical and environmental sources in the two provinces and study of its  sensitivity against (13) antibiotic also conducting a molecular study to detect  the presence of plasmids and the toxin genes in All  isolated bacteria . the study area included three stations on Tigris river in Baghdad city and three stations on Euphrates river in Babel city , monthly samples were collected from October 2015 to September 2016 in addition to samples were collected from patients in three Hospitals  by using sterile containers . Keywords : Choleragen , Primers , DNA agarose gel electrophoresi

Prevalence of CTX-M Gene in Klebsiella Pneumonia Isolated from Surface Water of Tigris River within Baghdad Province

The present work was conducted to study the prevalence of klebsiella pneumonia in surface water which a part of feacal coliform bacteria that consider one of  microbial pollution indicators in water, also determined their antibiotic resistance and ESBL encoding gene using PCR with specific primers for the detection of CTX-M gene. The results showed a total of 40 isolates of klebsiella pneumonia were tested for the presence of the CTX-M gene by PCR, 87.5% were carrying this gene, and also isolates were resistant to various classes of antibiotics. Water and sewage are the ones, which have been identified as reservoirs of enteric bacteria for spread of resistance factors, wastewater treatment plant did not show a satisfactory efficacy in removing pathogenic microorganisms, allowing for the dissemination of multiresistant bacteria into the environment and this can result in routes of dissemination of multiresistant bacteria and their genes of resistance into the environment, thus contaminating water resources, and having serious negative impact on public health. Keywords: CTX-M, k. pneumoni

Microbiological Analysis on Tigris River Water in the Selected Sites in Baghdad Province, Iraq

Bacteriological analyses were carried out on Tigris River water while passing through Baghdad City the capital of Iraq. The Tigris River was selected in this study because this river supplies water for many sector of development like agriculture, industry, transportation, aquaculture, public water supply. Microbial pollution indicators such as - total count, total coliforms, fecal coliforms was studied, Samples were collected over a period of twelve months from September 2013 to August 2014. The results showed variation in the number and density of microbial indicators between month and seasons of study sites. A highest number of bacterial pollutants recorded through summer and spring seasons. The total coliform and Faecal coliform counts exceeding acceptable limits are indicative of pollution. to protect human health must reduce the  pollution of the river through control the levels of pollutants discharged into Tigris River and reduce dissemination of the coliform and fecal coliform bacteria. Keywords: Bacterial indicator, Water pollution, Tigris Rive

Bacteriological and Physicochemical Studies on Tigris River Near the Water Purification Stations within Baghdad Province

We studied the physical, chemical, and microbiological factors that influence drinking water quality processed from River Tigris, and of the three main drinking water purification stations located at different parts of Tigris River, along with evaluation of drinking water of Al-Shula region in Baghdad city. Water samples were taken monthly from December 2009 to September 2010. Physical and chemical analyses of water included determination of temperature, pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and biological oxygen demand. The results of water before and after purification indicated values within the international allowable levels. Microbial analyses included estimation of the number of total viable microbial counts, total coliform, total fecal E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and other pathogenic bacteria that might be present in the water of the three stations and of the Tigris River, and also the tap water from Al-Shula houses. The results indicated that the types and proportions of various bacterial species isolated from different water sources were almost similar. This indicates inefficient purification procedures in all the stations studied, which exceeded the internationally allowable level of pathogens in potable water. Also, this explains the high incidence rate of children diarrheal reported in Al-Shula region