An Investigation of the Accounting Information and Its Role for Capital Expenditure Decisions in the Industrial Companies Listed in Amman Stock Exchange

The study has dealt with accounting information, and its definition as well as its importance. It's aimed to investigate the role of accounting information in making decisions in capital expenditure to industrial companies listed in Amman Stock Exchange. Thus to achieve this goal, the researchers were distributed a questionnaire to a sample of (70) the industrial companies. The researchers have used the necessary groups of statistical methods are available in the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS), to achieve the results of the study.An important result of the study, was apparent, that having a statistically significant effect of the three types of accounting information and of (About the expected cash flows at the end of the term of the asset investment, and information cash inflows and outflows, and information cash outflows (tax)). In capital expenditure decisions, and increase awareness of the departments of industrial companies and contribute to awareness of the role of accounting information will contribute significantly to the upgrading and advancement of capital expenditure decisions in the companies mentioned. The main recommendation reached by this study was the continuation of the industrial companies for using accounting information such as expected cash flows at the end of the life of the asset, information of cash outflows (taxes), and the annual cash flow information, which become of their significant impact on capital expenditure decisions. Keywords: Accounting information, decisions capital expenditure, industrial companies

Studying Relationship between the Approach of Business Reengineering and Performance "An Empirical Study on Food Companies Listed at the Amman Stock Exchange" )

In Jordan, the changing dynamics of the industrial companies in general and food industry specially, forced players at all levels to re-engineering their business companies. This research aims to study the response and support food companies to the concept of business re-engineering. To measure the extent of support managements to apply the concept of re-engineering, the extent of availability requirements for the application of process re-engineering, and, to measure the extent of the application of re-engineering processes and its impact on the financial performance of food companies listed at the Amman Stock Exchange.The researchers studied the intellectual frame and scientific rooting for business reengineering to achieve study objectives. They have designed a questionnaire aimed to execute of the study problem variables in order to test hypotheses. The research suggested the following results: application of re-engineering have benefits for companies that are applied. It could improving their competitive, increasing market share, productions, efficiency, and cost reduction. There are a statistically significant relationship in the attitudes of the study sample towards the response and support management of companies, the availability of requirements of the application, and the impact of the application of business re-engineering to the performance on food companies. It recommended that reengineering process remains effective tools for companies needing to operate as effectively and efficiently. Companies are required to reengineering their business processes in order to achieve best performance and growth. Keywords:  Business Process, Business Process Re-engineering (BPR), Companies Performance, Information Technology, Evaluation Process

The Importance of Fair Value Accounting to Information Quality on Financial Statements (Field Study of Jordanian Commercial Banks)

The study aimed to identify the importance of the application of fair value accounting on the quality of financial statements to Jordanian commercial banks information. How is expand of the application of accounting fair value to the latest accounting standards used. To achieve this goal the researchers develop a questionnaire for that.  Main findings of this study; the study showed that the more the quality of accounting information elements affected at fair value are appropriate. It was found through a field study that there is a significant impact of the application of fair value accounting and the appropriateness of the accounting information contained in the financial statements of commercial banks listed in ASE. One of the main recommendations of the study are: to listed in ASE commercial banks focus on the appropriateness of accounting information to investors and decision makers because of the impact on the decisions of investors and senior management in making investment decisions and administrative rational. In addition, when the issuance of the financial statements of commercial banks should be these lists are able to give useful and relevant information to help shareholders and investors make appropriate investment decisions. The commercial banks commitment to accounting and financial standards in the preparation of its financial statements because it is considered essentially very important to show the characteristics and quality of accounting information to the financial statements are appropriate and reliable, and committed bank provisions and laws set by the Central Bank of Jordan. Keywords: Fair value accounting, Quality of information, Jordanian commercial banks

The Innovative Approach for Accounting and Accountability of Government Revenues in Iraq

This study indicates that accountability of government revenue procedures are sufficient, adequate,  and well developed and illustrates new control bodies that parliament has created (such as the Commission of Integrity) in addition to the Board of Supreme Audit (BSA)  to fight financial and managerial corruption.  It covers both theoretical and empirical aspects. The theoretical side includes literature review, defining the accountability, audit of revenues, performance audit, taxation policy, and the sources of governmental income. While the empirical side includes studying the economic influence of government revenues in Iraq, different sources of government income, governmental control bodies, and the auditing procedures used by the BSA.This research considers how the contribution of oil revenue and tax revenues can be measured. It shows that the Iraqi Government depends almost totally on oil revenues (about 93% in 2012). The situation has deteriorated since 2003, when Iraq was first occupied, in spite of increased revenue from taxation.The Study highlights that the State should increase its role from different organizations to control all expenditures and develop revenue streams in other sectors. Although there is an emphasis on financial and budgetary measures for financial accountability, the use of non-financial measures in determining outcome accountability is increasing. Keywords: Government, Revenues, Accountability, Audit, Control Bodies, Innovation

Performance evaluation of tourism sector in Iraq

In this thesis the performance evaluation of tourism sector in Iraq is described and analysed. The research focuses on the measurement of financial, non-financial and economic performance related to tourism sector and to the enterprises which are operating in the tourist field in Iraq. As the purpose of the study is to examine and evaluate the performance of the state-owned enterprises in the tourism sector, other objectives are considered as well: - to assess the impact of tourism as an economic activity, relating to the balance of payments, employment, etc., in comparison with other productive sectors, - to define the performance criteria, financial and nonfinancial, which are necessary to the study, - to measure the performance of tourism enterprises empirically by building a model to explain the variation in financial performance of different enterprises and rank them, and - to construct a theoretical programme concerning the evaluation of tourism services from the customer's point of view. The study covers the financial, non-financial and economic performance in detail. Financial performance is based on the traditional statements (balance sheet and profit and loss accounts) and afterward different ratios have been selected. A comprehensive model relating to factor analysis has been built. The model was used to measure the financial performance of different enterprises under investigation in the tourism field in Iraq. Non-financial performance is based on a suggestion programme which concern the quality audit of the services from the customer's point of view. Economic performance is based on the role of tourism in development and its impact on the economy in, for example, the balance of payments, employment, tourist multiplier effect. A systematic review of methodologies on financial evaluation led to identifying the most appropriate indicators of performance measurement: profitability, managerial performance, and liquidity. These cover all the financial aspects of tourism enterprises. By following factor analysis technique, we could classify and rank the enterprises under investigation into three groups: - Above-average performance enterprises. - Average performance enterprises. - Below-average performance enterprises. A review of financing methods in tourism sector including the theories of capital structure, and a case study to Hatra tourist project in Iraq.In this thesis the performance evaluation of tourism sector in Iraq is described and analysed. The research focuses on the measurement of financial, non-financial and economic performance related to tourism sector and to the enterprises which are operating in the tourist field in Iraq. As the purpose of the study is to examine and evaluate the performance of the state-owned enterprises in the tourism sector, other objectives are considered as well: - to assess the impact of tourism as an economic activity, relating to the balance of payments, employment, etc., in comparison with other productive sectors, - to define the performance criteria, financial and nonfinancial, which are necessary to the study, - to measure the performance of tourism enterprises empirically by building a model to explain the variation in financial performance of different enterprises and rank them, and - to construct a theoretical programme concerning the evaluation of tourism services from the customer's point of view. The study covers the financial, non-financial and economic performance in detail. Financial performance is based on the traditional statements (balance sheet and profit and loss accounts) and afterward different ratios have been selected. A comprehensive model relating to factor analysis has been built. The model was used to measure the financial performance of different enterprises under investigation in the tourism field in Iraq. Non-financial performance is based on a suggestion programme which concern the quality audit of the services from the customer's point of view. Economic performance is based on the role of tourism in development and its impact on the economy in, for example, the balance of payments, employment, tourist multiplier effect. A systematic review of methodologies on financial evaluation led to identifying the most appropriate indicators of performance measurement: profitability, managerial performance, and liquidity. These cover all the financial aspects of tourism enterprises. By following factor analysis technique, we could classify and rank the enterprises under investigation into three groups: - Above-average performance enterprises. - Average performance enterprises. - Below-average performance enterprises. A review of financing methods in tourism sector including the theories of capital structure, and a case study to Hatra tourist project in Iraq

Financial performance evaluation and bankruptcy prediction (failure)1

Despite the copious number of statistical failure prediction models described in the literature, testing of whether such methodologies work in practice is lacking. This paper examines the performance of the same companies with solvency for predicting bankruptcy and comparison in both models. This model is suggested for measuring the values of financial performance (Al-Kassar and Soileau; 2012), and applying the financial failure model (Z-score) used by Taffler (1983). The data of six companies were examined for the period 1998-2011. The methodology which used at empirical study includes measuring financial performance according to both models. Then both results have been shown in table (8). The correlations between their results for both models are shown highly relationship. They were tested by T-test. Therefore, they were classified and ranked the companies according to these values. The research also demonstrates the need to include measures of both financial and non-financial performance in the evaluation as they complement each other. Without both financial and non-financial, the evaluation process is incomplete and does not provide desired results or the correct image of the process. The research suggests including comprehensive measures of performance evaluation of projects by using indicators of adopted criteria. Thus, the application of both models leads to better results and assists users in maintaining greater objectivity while obtaining more accurate results than from analysis based on personal evaluation alone