Pediatric Migraines: A Comprehensive Review and Perspectives on Diagnosis and Treatment

Pediatric migraine (PM) is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders in children. It has numerous variants and the sufferers often present to emergency departments with a wide variety of signs and symptoms that make diagnosis difficult. The trend in diagnosing and managing PM cases remain suboptimal despite the comprehensive diagnostic criteria and various therapeutic options. In this review, we discuss PM, provide an approach to the diagnosis, and describe the various available management options. However, the diagnosis of migraine is based on history and physical examination; no specific diagnostic test is available. The main management aspects are acute pain relief, prevention, and identifying triggering factors

Absent Septum Pellucidum: Search for other anomalies

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Learning Disabilities : Opportunities and challenges in Oman

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Telemedicine in the Era of COVID-19 and Beyond: A new horizon

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Tuberous Sclerosis Complex with Renal Stones and Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis: Case Report and Literature Review

Distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a common cause of renal stones and nephrocalcinosis in children. Distal RTA can be either acquired or congenital because of a genetic defect. Tuberous sclerosis complex is an autosomal dominant inherited neurocutaneous syndrome with variable renal involvement. We describe a case of a six-year-old boy with tuberous sclerosis complex who developed distal RTA and renal stones

‘Papaya Seed’ Appearance of Subependymal Nodules on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Patient with Tuberous Sclerosis

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Inappropriate Laughter in a Patient with Hypothalamic Hamartoma

MEDICAL IMAG

Bilateral Wrist Drop at Presentation in a Child with Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type I

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Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy with Subcortical Cysts

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Coexistence of Autism Spectrum Disorders Among Three Children with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex : Case reports and review of literature

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multisystem neurocutaneous disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and characterised by benign tumours in the brain and other vital organs such as the heart, eyes, kidneys, skin and lungs. Links between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and TSC have been postulated for many decades, with TSC considered to be one of the main syndromic causes of ASD; however, precise confirmation of a relationship between these two disorders required validated diagnostic tools. Fortunately, accurate evaluation of this relationship is now possible with standardised criteria for ASD diagnosis. We report three children who presented to the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, between 2014 and 2015 with ASD and TSC. These cases demonstrate the spectrum of neuropsychiatric involvement in TSC and highlight the importance of screening children with TSC for ASD features in order to encourage the early enrolment of these children in educational and rehabilitation programmes