The role of ADAMTS1 and versican in human myocardial infarction: A postmortem study

Objective: To determine the role of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif (ADAMTS1) and fragmented versican in the myocardial infarction (MI) process in humans and to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of ADAMTS1 for postmortem diagnosis of MI. Methods: Thirty autopsied individuals were allocated into 2 groups, namely, a study group of individuals who died of myocardial infarction (n = 20), and a control group who died of trauma (n = 10). We performed standard immunohistochemical staining on myocardial tissue specimens, studying anti-ADAMTS1, anti-versican, and anti-versican C terminal peptide sequence (DPEAAE) fragments. Results: Strong, diffuse staining was observed throughout myocardial tissue for ADAMTS1 in the 2 groups. However, in the study group, we observed no expression for ADAMTS1 around fibrotic areas but detected slight staining in coagulative and necrotic zones. Conclusion: Similar localizations of ADAMTS and fragmented versican in human heart tissue indicate that versican presumably is cleaved by ADAMTS1. Hence, ADAMTS1 can be regarded as a new marker for postmortem differential diagnosis of MI

ADAMTS4, 5, 9, and 15 expressions in the autopsied brain of patients with Alzheimer’s disease: A preliminary immunohistochemistry study

Objective: Recent studies performed in the central nervous system highlight the pathophysiological relevance of A disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) genes and their protein products. The determination of alterations in expression profiles of ADAMTS family genes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients may contribute to the explanation of tissue pathology and also new ideas for remedial approaches for this incurable but preventable disease. Therefore, the goal of this study was to describe and identify the distribution, characteristics, and any changes in the expression, in other words, immunoreactivity, for aggrecanases (ADAMTS4, 5, 9, and 15) proteins in AD brain. Methods: Nine cases that were autopsied in the Council of Forensic Medicine, Bursa Morgue Department in 2013, were selected. All of the cases were sent for autopsy to the institution within 8 hours after death. At autopsy, tissue samples were obtained for histopathological examination of organs for determining the cause of death. Out of these, two cases were diagnosed with AD by neurologists when they were alive. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on the brain slides by using relevant primary and secondary antibodies against aggrecanase proteins. All images were acquired using a X200 objective of a microscope (Olympus BX53) and evaluated by the staining intensity using a semi-quantitative scoring system. Results: ADAMTS4 and 5 were slightly under-expressed in the brains from autopsied AD cases compared to those of control brains and suggested that extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation was not endorsed in AD brain. On the other hand, ADAMTS9 and 15 aggrecanases were not found to be expressed in correspondent brain sections of AD and control cases. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated that some aggrecanases were found to be under-expressed in AD brains. Additional studies in which all ADAMTS enzymes will be studied in terms of mRNA and protein levels are needed to understand the relative contributions of ADAMTS genes and proteins in AD brains

The effect of serum 25(OH) vitamin D on hemogram parameters

Objective: Vitamin D that has pleiotropic hormone characteristics is a fat soluble vitamin. In general, vitamin D is known to be associated with rickets, but the studies show that vitamin D also acts on tissues and cells other than bone itself. In this study, we aimed to investigate if vitamin D has any effects on hemogram parameters or not. Methods: This retrospective study was done with the data obtained from 243 female and 59, totally 302 patients. Vitamin D level and hemogram parameters [(red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and red cell distribution width (RDW)] of patients were obtained. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to their levels of vitamin D: Group 1: < 10 ng/mL; Group 2: 10-19 ng/mL; Group 3: 20-29 ng/mL, and Group 4: 30-60 ng/mL. Results: There were no significant differences in RBC, Hb, WBC, PLT, MPV, and RDW between the groups (p>0.05). Also, there was no correlation between the hemogram parameters and vitamin D. Conclusion: According to the literature, there are a lot of studies that show the relationship between vitamin D and WBC, RBC, and PLT. However, contrary to the previous studies, we were unable to find any significant relationship between vitamin D and hemogram parameters. These results serve the idea that the effects of vitamin D on the hematopoietic system should be further investigated experimentally and clinically

15-Multifaceted Impact Of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (Cape) In Experimental Myocardial Injuries

PubMe

Religion, State And Society Relations In Turkey From The Perspective Of Özdalga

Modernite ve sonrasında seyreden küreselleşme süreçleri dünyadahızlı bir değişim ve dönüşüm dalgasına yol açmıştır. Ancak yeryüzündekitüm coğrafyada bu dönüşümün yansımaları farklı olmuştur. Değişiminen çok etkili olduğu alan da toplumsal kontrol ve güç odaklarında olmuşböylece siyasi erkle doğrudan ilişkili olan kilise bağlamlı dini alan vebunun üzerinden sağlanan toplumsal kontrol mekanizmaları hızladönüşmüştür. Ancak modernleşmeye verilen tepkiler tek yönlü olmamış,toplumsal, tarihsel ve coğrafi şartlara göre karmaşık bir görünümkazanmış ve kazanmaya devam etmektedir. Elizabeth Özdalga, din-devletve toplum ilişkilerinin Batı Avrupa’daki serencamını sosyolojik açıdanyordamakta ardından genelde Müslüman coğrafyada özelde Türkiye’dekigelişim sürecini karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirmektedir. Söz konusubu karşılaştırmalı yaklaşımın yanı sıra modern ve ardılı dönemde din-toplum-devlet ilişkilerine sosyolojik bakabilmenin koşullarını eleştirel birçerçevede ortaya koymaktadır. Dini alana yönelik indirgemeciyaklaşımları eleştiri süzgecinden geçiren Özdalga, tarihsel ve bağlamsalbir yaklaşım geliştirmektedir. Bu yaklaşımın ardından İslam ve toplumilişkilerine objektif bakma iddiasında olan Özdalga, evrensel ve sentezcibir yaklaşımla, sosyolojik ve tarihsel bir zeminde Müslüman toplumların,modernleşmeyle etkileşimini ve geçirdikleri değişimi inceleme konusuetmektedir. Türkiye’deki modernleşme ve demokratikleşme sürecini deeleştirel olarak ele alan Özdalga, mevcut durumun iç ve dış nedenlerineyakından mercek tutmanın yanı sıra, Türkiye’deki din-devlet ve toplumilişkilerini aydınlar ve siyasi liderler üzerinden oluşturduğu tipolojilerüzerinden müşahhaslaştırmakta; diğer taraftan da sivil toplumungelişimi, din eğitimi, başörtüsü, dini cemaatlerin ortaya çıkardığıçoğulculuk gibi tartışmalı konuları, kurucu ideolojiyle olan çatışmalıilişkilere rağmen moderniteyle ilişkili süreçler bağlamında ve modernitelehine bir gelişme olarak sosyolojik inceleme konusu etmektedir.Modernity and globalization processes following it have given riseto a dramatic surge of change and transformation all around the world.Nevertheless, the reflections of this change have been experienceddifferently in different locations of the globe. The area where the changehas most deeply been experienced is that of the social control and powergroups, thus the area of religion in the context of the Church and socialcontrol mechanisms associated with it have underwent a quicktransformation. However, responses given to modernisation have notbeen one-way; instead they have assumed and are still assuming acomplicated appearance according to social, historical and geographicalconditions. Elizabeth Özdalga is sociologically evaluating the effect ofreligion-state and society relations in Europe and then is comparativelyappraising how this process evolves in the Islamic geography in generaland in Turkey in particular. In addition to this comparative approach ofhers, she critically frames the conditions of sociologically looking atreligion-state and society relations in the modern and the following times.Criticising reductive approaches to the area of religion, Özdalga developsa historical and contextual approach. Claiming to be objective in herapproach to Islam and society relations, Özdalga studies on a sociologicaland historical background the effect of Islamic societies on modernisationand the change they have underwent through a universal and unifyingmethod. Analysing the modernisation and democratisation process inTurkey critically too, Özdalga ,as well as looking closely at the internaland external reasons behind the current situation, personifies religion-state and society relations in Turkey through the typologies she formedvia intellectuals and political leaders on the one hand and sociologicallystudies controversial issues such as the development of the civil society,religious education, head-scarf and the plurality created by religiouscommunities in a context of modernity-related processes and as adevelopment to the benefit of modernity in spite of conflicting relationwith the founder ideology on the other hand

Pathophysiological function of ADAMTS enzymes on molecular mechanism of Alzheimer's disease

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an environment that has various enzymes attended in regeneration and restoration processes which is very important to sustain physiological and biological functions of central nervous system (CNS). One of the participating enzyme systems in ECM turnover is matrix metalloproteinases. A disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motifs (ADAMTS) is a unique family of ECM proteases found in mammals. Components of this family may be distinguished from the ADAM (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase) family based on the multiple copies of thrombospondin 1-like repeats. The considerable role of the ADAMTS in the CNS continues to develop. Evidences indicate that ADAMTS play an important role in neuroplasticity as well as nervous system pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is hopeful and possible that ADAMTS family members may be utilized to develop therapies for CNS pathologies, ischemic injuries, neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. To understand and provide definitive data on ADAMTS to improve structural and functional recovery in CNS injury and diseases, this review aimed to enlighten the subject extensively to reach certain information on metalloproteinases and related molecules/enzymes. It will be interesting to examine how ADAMTS expression and action would affect the initiation/progression of above-mentioned clinical situations, especially AD

Markers in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common liver disorder worldwide, encompasses a spectrum of abnormal liver histology ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. Population studies show that NAFLD is strongly associated with insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and lipid abnormalities. In the context of hepatic steatosis, factors that promote cell injury, inflammation, and fibrosis include oxidative stress, early mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, iron accumulation, apoptosis, adipocytokines, and stellate cell activation. The exact NASH prevalence is unknown because of the absence of simple noninvasive diagnostic tests. Although liver biopsy is the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of NASH, other tests are needed to facilitate the diagnosis and greatly reduce the requirement for invasive liver biopsy. In addition, the development of new fibrosis markers in NASH is needed to facilitate the assessment of its progression and the effectiveness of new therapies. The aim of this chapter, which is overview of biomarkers in NASH, is to establish a systematic approach to laboratory findings of the disease