Non-kutanöz Periferik T-hücreli Lenfomalarda Klinik Özellikler ve Tedavi Sonuçlarına ilişkin Gerçek Yaşam Deneyimi:Türk Hematoloji Araştırma ve Eğitim Grubunun Çok Merkezli Çalışması

Objective: Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are an uncommon and quite heterogeneous group of disorders, representing only 10%-15% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Although both molecular and clinical studies have increased in recent years, we still have little knowledge regarding real-life practice with PTCLs. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of a large population-based cohort of patients presenting with systemic non-cutaneous PTCL. Materials and Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis of 190 patients consecutively diagnosed and treated with non-cutaneous PTCLs between 2008 and 2016. Results: Considering all first-line treatment combinations, the overall response rate was 65.9% with 49.4% complete remission (n=81) and 16.5% partial response (n=27). The 5-year overall survival and event-free survival rates were significantly different between the transplant and non-transplant groups (p<0.01, and p=0.033, respectively). Conclusion: The retrospective analysis of a large volume of real-life data on the Turkish experience regarding non-cutaneous PTCL patients showed consistent results compared to other unselected PTCL cohorts with some minor differences in terms of survival and transplantation outcomes. The long-term outcome of patients who receive autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation as part of upfront consolidation or salvage therapy is favorable compared to patients who are unable to receive high-dose therapy. © 2022 by Turkish Society of Hematology Turkish Journal of Hematology, Published by Galenos Publishing House

Physical mapping integrated with syntenic analysis to characterize the gene space of the long arm of wheat chromosome 1A

Background: Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops worldwide and its production faces pressing challenges, the solution of which demands genome information. However, the large, highly repetitive hexaploid wheat genome has been considered intractable to standard sequencing approaches. Therefore the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) proposes to map and sequence the genome on a chromosome-by-chromosome basis. Methodology/Principal Findings: We have constructed a physical map of the long arm of bread wheat chromosome 1A using chromosome-specific BAC libraries by High Information Content Fingerprinting (HICF). Two alternative methods (FPC and LTC) were used to assemble the fingerprints into a high-resolution physical map of the chromosome arm. A total of 365 molecular markers were added to the map, in addition to 1122 putative unique transcripts that were identified by microarray hybridization. The final map consists of 1180 FPC based or 583 LTC based contigs. Conclusions/Significance: The physical map presented here marks an important step forward in mapping of hexaploid bread wheat. The map is orders of magnitude more detailed than previously available maps of this chromosome, and the assignment of over a thousand putative expressed gene sequences to specific map locations will greatly assist future functional studies. This map will be an essential tool for future sequencing of and positional cloning within chromosome 1A

Supplementary File for Capturing wheat phenotypes at the genome level

Supplementary S1: Yield and related traits in bread wheat. Table S1: Examples of genomic regions, candidate and cloned genes for yield and related traits in bread wheat. Supplementary S2: Drought tolerance. Table S2: Examples of genomic regions and candidate genes for drought tolerance. Supplementary S3: Heat tolerance. Table S3. Examples of genomic regions and candidate genes for heat tolerance. Supplementary S4: salinity tolerance in bread wheat. Table S4. Examples of genomic regions and candidate genes for salinity tolerance in bread wheat. Supplementary S5: Frost tolerance. Supplementary S6: Disease resistance. Table S5. Examples of genomic regions, candidate and cloned genes mapped for disease resistance in wheat species. Supplementary S7 insect and mite resistance. Table S6. Examples of genomic regions and candidate genes mapped for insect and mite resistance. Supplementary S8: Quality traits. Table S7. Examples of genomic regions, candidate and cloned genes for quality traits.Recent technological advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have dramatically reduced the cost of DNA sequencing, allowing species with large and complex genomes to be sequenced. Although bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the world’s most important food crops, efficient exploitation of molecular marker-assisted breeding approaches has lagged behind that achieved in other crop species, due to its large polyploid genome. However, an international public–private effort spanning 9 years reported over 65% draft genome of bread wheat in 2014, and finally, after more than a decade culminated in the release of a gold-standard, fully annotated reference wheat-genome assembly in 2018. Shortly thereafter, in 2020, the genome of assemblies of additional 15 global wheat accessions was released. As a result, wheat has now entered into the pan-genomic era, where basic resources can be efficiently exploited. Wheat genotyping with a few hundred markers has been replaced by genotyping arrays, capable of characterizing hundreds of wheat lines, using thousands of markers, providing fast, relatively inexpensive, and reliable data for exploitation in wheat breeding. These advances have opened up new opportunities for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection (GS) in wheat. Herein, we review the advances and perspectives in wheat genetics and genomics, with a focus on key traits, including grain yield, yield-related traits, end-use quality, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. We also focus on reported candidate genes cloned and linked to traits of interest. Furthermore, we report on the improvement in the aforementioned quantitative traits, through the use of (i) clustered regularly interspaced short-palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated gene-editing and (ii) positional cloning methods, and of genomic selection. Finally, we examine the utilization of genomics for the next-generation wheat breeding, providing a practical example of using in silico bioinformatics tools that are based on the wheat reference-genome sequence.Peer reviewe

Synthesis And Characterization Of N-isopropylacrylamide-itaconic Acid Copolymers

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 1998Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 1998Bu çalışmada 1 adet poli Itakonik Asit (PIA), 1 adet poli-N-izopropilakril amid (PNIPAAM), 5 adet NIPAAM-IA kopolimeri ve 1 adet NIPAAM-AA kopolimeri olmak üzere toplam 2 adet homopolimer ve 6 adet kopolimer sentezlenmiştir. Poümerler 50°C'de, K2S208 başlatıcısı kullanılarak, azot atmosferinde ve yüksek dönüşüm sağlayacak farklı sürelerde hazırlanmıştır. Elde edilen homo ve kopolimer örneklerinin FTIR kullanılarak spektrofotometrik karakterizasyonu yapılmıştır. Homo ve kopolimerlerin geçiş sıcaklıklarını izlemek amacıyla 400 nm'de, geniş bir sıcaklık ve PH aralağında UV-spektrumları çekilmiş ve kopolimerlerdeki IA yüzdeleri arttıkça geçişin daha yüksek PH ve sıcaklıklara kaydığı gözlenmiştir. Örneklerin NaCl, su ve tampon çözelti içerisinde kondüktometrik titrasyonlan yapılmış ve iletkenlik ölçüm sonuçlarından zayıf asit yapısındaki PIA' in ve kopolimerlerin ayrışma sabitleri hesaplanmıştır. Polielektrolit özelliğinde olan örneklerin fosfat tamponunda yapılan viskozimetrik ölçümlerinden [r\] ve k1 (Huggins sabiti) hesaplanmıştır.The behaviour of a polymer in a given medium reflects the balance of like and unlike interactions among its own segments and the surrounding molecules. In the case of aqueous solutions, the solvent-solvent interaction in water is particularly strong as indicated by its partially ordered structure. Indeed, the eccentric physical properties of water control the conformations and the subsequent reactions of biological macromolecules that are responsible for life on Earth. From the studies of PNTPAAM solutions it appears that below the lower ciritical solutions temperature (LCST), PNIPAAM exists as isolated, flexible but extended coils in dilute aqueous solutions. At the LCST, it appears that the individual polymer chains collapse prior to aggregation. The visual observation of macroscopic phase seperation upon heating is among the employed techniques. This rather simple method of determining the LCST is commonly known as the cloud point method. Various researchers have somewhat quantified the method by using a standard UV- VI S spectrophometer. For the having hypdrophobic with both hydrophilic portions posses LCSTs is a rather general phenomenon. Various researchers followed concept that "as a polymer which is soluble at all temperatures is made increasingly hydrophobic, before complete water insolubility is reached, a range of compositions will be found which will have temperature inverse solubility and more hydrophobic the increment, the lower the LCST". The ability to shift the LCST of PNTPAAM- like polymers from 100°C provides excellent flexibility in tailoring transitons for specific uses. One can "switch off' solubility at biologically relevant temperatures as well as at room temperature. The morover, the fact that one can obtain the same LCST with a small amount of a very hydrophobic comonomer or a high fraction of a less hydrophobic comonomer permits further modulation of interactions with cosolutes in the system. In this work, we aimed to investigate the effect of pH, composition of the copolymer and temperature on the conformations (coil-globule transitions) of the PNIPAAM, PIA (polyelectrolyte) and copolymers. For this reason, PNIPAAM, PIA and five NTPAAM-IA copolymers containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic unit were syntesized. The polymers were prepared by a free radical polymerization using K2S2O8 initiator in water at 50°C. The polymerazitaion conditions are given in Table 1. Table 1. The synthesis conditions of homo and copolymers (*) % 10.0 AA Total reaction volume = 25 ml T= 50° C The phase transitions of these samples were traced by monitoring the transmittance of a 400 nm light beam at different temperatures and pH on a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The phase diagrams o fthe aqueous solutions of PNIPAAM and Polymer No: 6 are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. A striking feature shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 is that the phase transition of this aqueous solution of PNIPAAM takes place as temperature reaches 35°C and independently of pH of the medium while in the case of Polymer No: 6 cloud point changes with pH of the solution. It means that a characteristic dimensional change of the chain molecules (coil-globule transition) occurs in aqueous solution and electrostatic interaction between hydrophilic groups on the chain effect the transition temperature in the case of Polymer No: 6. The conductometric titrations of synthesis polymers were carried out. The aqueous solutions of the polymers were titrated with 0. IN NaOH. The conductivities were plotted versus the mililiters of titrants. The equivalence points correspond to the carboxyl content of the polymers. The conductometric titration curves for PIA and Polymer No: 6 is shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4. XI 2 50 H 240 2.20 1.80 _ SO E o o İ 40 a a 20 00 0.80 0 60 -| 0.40 0 20H Î00 Polımer No 7 «XI I XI.. I. l TpH=2.00 AphU4.12. pH=5 69 apH = 705 OpH=915 20 24 28 32 35 40 44 4 8 52 5'6 60 T, -C Figure 1. Temperature and pH dependence of phase transition of aqueous PNIPAAM 20 24 2» 32 36 40. 44 -» I.'C 48 52 56 64 M 72 Figure 2. Temperature and pH dependence of phase transition of Polymer Î" Xll 340ı .120 300- 2.80 2 00 2.40 2.20- 200- 180- I GO 1.40 I 20- 100- 080- 0 60. 0 40 020........' 0 00 Polimer No:l 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 V, ml (0.1 N NoOH) Figure 3. The conductometric titration curves of PIA (in water) 2.20 1.80 O ~ 1.A0 r E E. ı.oo 0.60 0.20 Polimer No. 6 2 U 6 -* V,mI(0.1N NqOH) Figure 4. The conductometric titration curves of Polymer No: 6 xiu In order to calculate the ionisation constant of the hydrophilic monomer (IA) in the structure of the samples which is used in this work the conductivity values of polymers were measured at different concentrations. 1 / A values were plotted versus Ac by using Ostwald Dilution Law and calculated K, ionization constants values of these constants for all homo and copolymers are given in Table 2. Table 2. Intrinsic viscosities and ionization constants of homo and copolymers. * % 10.0 AA ** Tisp / c -c doğrularından elde edilen kayım Extrapolation values obtained from.% / c - c graphics Polyelectrolytes are ionizable compounds which consist of at least one macromolecular ionic species. Polyitaconic acid belongs to the group of weak polyacids. The solution properties of polyelectrolytes are influenced by their polymer character. The reduced viscosity of the polyelectrolyte solutions increase with dilution. Addition of salt eliminate the rise in rjsp/c at low concentration. So, intrinsic viscosities of the polymers which is prepared in this work were determined in phosphate buffer containing 0.1 N NaCl [rj] values ve k', Huggins constants of the polymers are given in Table 2.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

Evaluation of the conservation activities in the historical settlement Tenedos-Bozcaada Island

5th International Conference on Sustainable Development and Planning, SDP 2011; New Forest; United Kingdom; 12 July 2011 through 14 July 2011The efforts for the conservation of cultural heritage in historical settlements are a highly problematic and multi-faceted issue in Turkey. Although the conservation legislation dates back 50 years, the cultural heritage has not been internalized and not accepted in wider parts of the society and, has not found a solid political base. The historical and cultural heritage areas are mostly marketed for tourism and turned into places as the simulacrum of the elitist and middle class tastes. Tenedos (Bozcaada) Island inherits the rich cultural heritage of two millennia. The Island is in danger of losing its social, cultural and multi-ethnical characteristic where Turkish and Greek societies live harmoniously. The architectural, economic and ecological values are also in danger because of the rise of touristic activities and the construction of vacation homes as well as the State's withdrawal to provide subsidy to the agricultural sector that took place after the 1980s in parallel with the general economic policies adopting global economic restructuring. The objective of the paper is to highlight the multidimensional character of the social and spatial process which is enmeshed in the conservation activities of the Island. The values and norms, social, economic considerations in the conservation activities need a new approach and, without existence of a common will and a wider participation of the society it is hard to expect any success in the conservation of the rich cultural values, and to assess, develop and carry them into the future. A bundle of techniques are used: a large survey analysis of the area is realized and its social, historical and physical characteristics are documented. Questionnaires, in-depth interviews are used in order to detect the difficulties for conservation of the heritage in part of the responsible public bodies. The public and tourism sector opinions, thoughts and aspirations are surveyed. Even though, the preservation of Tenedos Island's cultural heritage appears to be a difficult challenge, there seems to be some positive clues for the future. © 2011 WIT Press

Banjarmasin şehrinden diğer şehirlere olan ulaşım seçeneklerinin analizi: Ayrışık logit model

Son yıllarda Banjarmasin şehrinde her alanda, özellikle de ulaşım alanındaki aktiviteler oldukça artmıştır. Şehirdeki yolcular tarafından kullanılan seçilmiş güzergaha göre ulaşım türü tercihi davranışının gözlemlenmesine ihtiyaç vardır. Bu çalışmada ayrışık logit model, şehir merkezinden diğer yerleşim birimlerine olan en uygun şehirlerarası ulaşım türünü bulmak için kullanılmıştır. Ulaşım süresi, ulaşım harcamaları, cinsiyet farklılıkları, meslek grupları ve yolcu gelirleri gibi gözlem parametreleri ulaşım şeklinin tanımlanmasında kullanılmıştır. Karayolu, deniz, nehir ve hava taşımacılığı da geliştirilen bu modele dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri, Banjarmasin şehrinden çıkan trafiğin çıkış noktası olarak altı adet- yerleşim yerinde elde edilmiştir. Bu model kullanılarak her bir parametrenin etkisinin belirlenmesi ve gelecekteki ulaşım türleri için karar verilmesi mümkün olmuştur. Bulunan bu ulaşım türleri uzun mesafeler için ulaşım sistemi geliştirilmesinde girdi verileri olarak kullanılmıştır.In recent years, Banjarmasin city activities have increased in all areas especially in transportation field. There is a demand on observation mode choice behaviour according to chosen route used by the city passengers. In this research, disaggregate logit model was utilized to find the optimum transportation mode which described intercity transport departing from downtown city. Observation parameters such as travel time, cost, gender/sex, occupation, and income were considered in defining the best transportation mode. Highway, sea, river, and air transportation mode routes were also included in the model. The survey data was obtained in six locations as the gateway for outgoing traffic from Banjarmasin. By using the model it was possible to describe the influence of each parameters and make decisions for future modes. The found modes were used as input data in developing transportation system for long distances

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Endothelial dysfunction (ED), insulin resistance (IR), and inflammation are risk factors for increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). ADPKD patients may have increased carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and decreased coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was introduced as a marker to determine inflammation in various disorders. We aimed to investigate the relationship between NLR and IR, CFVR, CIMT, and the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in normotensive ADPKD patients. Twentynine ADPKD patients (age 38.8 ± 10.2 years; 8 men and 21 women) and 19 healthy controls (age 33.8 ± 7.4 years; 8 men and 11 women) were included in this cross-sectional study. CFVR was calculated with echocardiography as the ratio of hyperemic to baseline diastolic peak coronary flow velocities. CIMT was measured in the distal common carotid artery by using a 10-MHz linear echocardiography probe. HOMA-IR was calculated NLR was calculated as the ratio of the neutrophil and lymphocyte counts. Age, sex, body mass index, and levels of glucose, creatinine, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP), microalbuminuria, and creatinine clearance were similar between ADPKD patients and healthy subjects. NLR, CIMT, LVMI, and HOMA-IR were significantly higher and CFVR values were significantly lower in patients with ADPKD compared to that in healthy subjects. NLR showed positive correlation with CIMT, HOMA, insulin, glucose, and HDL cholesterol levels, while it was inversely correlated with CFVR and albumin level in all subjects. In patients with ADPKD, NLR showed positive correlation with HDL cholesterol level and inverse correlation with LVMI and albumin level. NLR that was found to be increased in patients with ADPKD may be a readily available marker of inflammation and ED

Prospective registry of adult patients receiving therapeutic plasma exchange with a presumptive diagnosis of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA): The Turkish hematology research and education group (ThREG)-TMA02 study

Thrombotic microangiopathy(TMA) is a pathological diagnosis characterized by abnormalities of small vessels leading to microvascular thrombosis of arterioles and capillaries. The current prospective, non-interventional, multicenter (n:18) study aimed to define distribution of different TMA forms in adult Turkish patients who were referred for therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) for a presumptive diagnosis of TMA. Patients with serum ADAMTS13 activity 10 %, normal renal function and no secondary TMA were treated as unclassified TMA. The study included a total of 97 patients (female: 60; male: 30) with a median age of 48 (18?74). Detailed evaluation at 1 month after hospital admission revealed aTTP, secondary TMA, infection/complement-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome and unclassified TMA in 32 (33 %), 33 (34 %), 26 (27 %) and 6 (6%) patients respectively. As subclassification of various TMAs will dictate specific therapy, proper diagnosis in a timely manner is of utmost clinical significance. © 2021 Elsevier LtdThe present study was designed as an investigator initiated trial (IIT) and sponsored by Alexion Pharmaceuticals (Tracking number: 100064)Alexion Pharmaceuticals: 10006