Biologically Active Compounds. II. The Synthesis of β-CarboxY-γ-butyrolactone Derivatives

Amide derivatives of γ-substituted paraconic and aconic　acids have been　synthesized. Ultraviolet spectra of the aconic acid derivatives showed characteristic　fine structure in the region of 245 to 280 mμ

Reaction of γ,γ-Dimethyl-α, β-dicarbethoxybutyrolactone with Acetyl Chloride

Acetylation of γ,γ-dimethyl-α,β-dicarbethoxybutyrolactone in benzene in the presence of sodium hydride was attempted. The structure of the condensation product was assigned to O-acetyl derivative, which was converted into γ,γ-dimethyl-β-carbethoxy-α-carboxybutyrolactone whose structure is also discussed by IR spectrum

New Stable Sulfonium Ylides. 1-Dimethylsulfuranylidene-l-phenylsulfonyl-2-propanone and Related Compounds

The preparation of the title compounds as a new type of stable S-ylides has been described. The reaction of 1-dimethylsulfuranylidene-1-phenylsulfonyl-2-propanone (IIb) with lithium aluminium hydride was found to result in the formation of trans-phenylpropenylsulfone (IV), phenylsulfonyl-2-propanone (Ib), and an unidentified paraffin as major products

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy with the central shielding technique for patients with uterine cervical cancer

名古屋市立大学博士 (医学)doctoral thesi

Lactone Carboxylic Acids. II. Synthesis of α-Benzylideneparaconic Acids

The reaction of ethyl γ,γ-dialkylparaconate with aromatic aldehydes, i.e., benzaldehyde, anisaldehyde, p-chlorobenzaldehyde, and piperonal, has been investigated. The condensation took place at the α-position of the lactone ring. As the acidic components, α-benzylideneparaconic acids and α-benzylidene-β-alkylidensuccinic acids were obtained in 25-48% and 7-15% yields, respectively. From the neutral portions small amount of ethyl benzylideneparaconates were separated. During the course of distillation ethyl α-benzylideneparaconate was partially converted into α-benzylidene-γ-methy-γ-ethylbutyrolactone

Lactone Carboxylic Acids. III. Reaction of Ethyl β-Alkylglycidates with Ethyl Malonate

The ring opening of epoxide group in the reaction of ethyl ,β-alkylglycidates with sodiomalonate was observed mostly at the α-position of the glycidates. Ethyl β-ethylglycidate, however, on treatment with sodiomalonate gave ten percent of β-fission product, elucidated by NMR spectra. The reaction sequence provides a general preparative route to γ-alkylparaconic acids and their derivatives

Biologically Active Compounds. I. The Synthesis of 5-Substituted 4-Methy1-3-carboxy-3(or 4)-alkenamides

Monoamides of 5-substituted 4-methyl-3-carboxy-3(or 4)-alkenoic acids have been synthesized, starting with substituted itaconic anhydrides. The anhydride ring was opened by amines to afford N-aryl(or alkyl)-4-alkyl(or aryl)-3carboxy- 3(or 4}-alkenamides. The structure of the amide was elucidated by the comparison with the reference compound prepared from the corresponding Stobbe half-esters

The Anodic Oxidation of trans-Cinnamic Acid. I. The Formation of Ketone and Aldehyde Derivatives

The electrochemical oxidation of trans-cinnamic acid in a mixed aqueous solution of acetic acid and methanol containing potassium hydroxide was studied. The separation of ketones and aldehydes from the neutral materials using Girard reagent P gave benzaldehyde, tolualdehydes, acetophenone, methylacetophenones, propiophenone, phenacyl acetate, and phenacyl alcohol. The mechanism of the anodic reaction of trans-cinnamic acid has been discussed

Fatigue Crack Propagation Evaluated by Electric Resistance and Ultrasonics in Copper Film Bonded to Base Metal with Resin

As model specimens of surface film-bonded materials, pure copper films with a thickness of 100μm were bonded to the surface of steel base with epoxy resin, where the tensile residual stress was measured by an X-ray on the surface copper film. The distribution of initial electric resistance was measured on both copper film and base specimen by a direct current potential drop technique. As a result, there was a good agreement between the measured and theoretical values. From the fatigue testing results, it was shown that the measured electric resistance increased with the fatigue crack length on the copper film, which was almost equal to the theoretical value calculated for a central slit in a plate with finite width. This was probably because the fatigue crack was opened due to the tensile residual stress on the film even under unloading condition. In addition, the internal crack length during fatigue was examined by ultrasonic testing for the film-bonded specimen. As a result, there was a difference in the fatigue crack length between the surface copper film and the inner base