Femtosecond soliton amplification in nonlinear dispersive traps and soliton dispersion management

The nonlinear pulse propagation in an optical fibers with varying parameters is investigated. The capture of moving in the frequency domain femtosecond colored soliton by a dispersive trap formed in an amplifying fiber makes it possible to accumulate an additional energy and to reduce significantly the soliton pulse duration. Nonlinear dynamics of the chirped soliton pulses in the dispersion managed systems is also investigated. The methodology developed does provide a systematic way to generate infinite ``ocean'' of the chirped soliton solutions of the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (NSE) with varying coefficients.Comment: 7 pages, 10 figures, RevTe

Nucleon mean free path in nuclear matter based on nuclear Schwinger-Dyson formalism

A mean free path of nucleon moving through nuclear matter with kinetic energy of more than 100MeV is formulated based on the bare vertex nuclear Schwinger-Dyson (BNSD) method in the Walecka model. The self-energy which is derived from the higher order diagrams more than the forth order includes the Feynman part of propagator of energetic nucleon and grows up rapidly as an increase of kinetic energy. To avoid too large growth of these diagrams, meson propagators are modified by introducing some form factors to take account of a internal structure of hadron. It is confirmed that the mean free path calculated by the BNSD method agrees good with experimental data if a reasonable form factor is chosen, i.e., a dipole (quadrupole) type of form factor with a cut-off parameter about 750 MeV $\sim$ 1000 MeV (1200 MeV $\sim$ 1500 MeV)

Bulk properties of nuclear matter in the relativistic Hartree approximation with cut-off regularization

A method of cut-off regularization is proposed to evaluate vacuum corrections in nuclear matter in the framework of the Hartree approximation. Bulk properties of nuclear matter calculated by this method are a good agreement with results analyzed by empirical values. The vacuum effect is quantitatively evaluated through a cut-off parameter and its role for saturation property and compressional properties is clarified.Comment: PACS numbers, 21.65.+f, 21.30.+

Deep structure of Japan subduction zone as derived from local, regional, and teleseismic events

We have determined a detailed three-dimensional P wave velocity structure of the Japan subduction zone to 500-km depth by inverting local, regional, and teleseismic data simultaneously. We used 45,318 P wave arrivals from 1241 shallow and deep earthquakes which occurred in and around the Japan Islands. The arrival times are recorded by the Japan University Seismic Network which covers the entire Japan Islands densely and uniformly. We also used 4211 travel time residuals from 100 teleseismic events which are read from seismograms recorded by seismic stations in northeastern Japan. In comparison with the previous results obtained from only local and regional events, the present result for the area around the lower plate boundary and the mantle below the plate is determined more reliably because of the addition of 7035 data from 100 teleseismic events and 41 very deep earthquakes. In the crust and uppermost mantle, low-velocity zones are clearly visible beneath active volcanoes. In the mantle wedge the low-velocity zones generally parallel with the slab and exist continuously to a depth of about 200-km, which is consistent with the petrological, geochemical and geodynamic studies. We consider that the existence of volcanism-related low-velocity anomalies in the mantle wedge is a general Seismological characteristic of subduction zones, in light of all the available tomographic results for many subduction zones in the world. The Pacific slab beneath Japan is imaged more clearly than in previous studies as a high-velocity zone with a thickness of 80–90 km and a P wave velocity 4–6% higher than the normal mantle. Lower velocity anomalies are found in the mantle below the slab