Percentage body fat and results of a periodic health examination

肥満や栄養過剰は多くの慢性疾患、とりわけ成人病と関連が強いことが従来から指摘されている。肥満の判定には体脂肪率を測定することが重要であるが、その方法の一つとして、集団検診に使用しやすい生体電気インピーダンス法（bioelectrical impedance analysis）がある。今回、1ビール製造工場の定期健康診断において、対象者男235人および女137人の体脂肪率をこの方法により測定した。まずこの体脂肪率とBMIおよび肥満度との相関関係を求め、男性より女性において相関が高いことを認めた。ついで肥満群と正常群に分けて、血圧および血液検査の異常率の出現頻度を統計的に比較したところ、肥満群では男女共に総コレステロールで、また男性では尿酸、γGTP、SGPTの各値で、異常者が高率であることを認めた。またSGPTは30才台から、γGTP及びTchは40才台からその傾向が見られた。しかし、肥満指数とこれらの検査値との相関係数は高くはなかった。Data from periodic health examinations such as ALP, UA, RBC, Hb, SGOT, SGPT, Tch(total choresterol), TG(triglyceride), blood pressure, body length, body weight and also percentage body fat(% Fat) as measured by bioelectrical impedance mehtod were obtained from 235 male and 137 female workers at a brewery factory in Okayama Prefecture and results were analyzed. The correlation coefficients for % Fat and Body Mass Index values(BMI) are found to be 0.678 for males and 0.803 for females. Examinees were then devided into normal and obesity groups respectively, and the frequency of values over normal ranges (classified by obesity indicators such as % Fat, BMI and obesity rate calculated from standard weight) were statistically compared. Results showed that % Fat and BMI were more sensitive than obesity rate and that the obesity group had statistically high frequencies of abnormality in some of the data as in the case of SGPT, γGTP and TG compared to the control group. Furthermore this tendency was found to be more significant among male workers than female ones

中生代から新生代にかけてのプレート沈み込みに起因するマグマの特徴

Mesozoic through Cenozoic magmatic evolution of East Asia was governed by oceanic plate subduction responsible for generation of a high-velocity anomaly, known as "the stagnated slab", at the mantle transition zone and the low-velocity Transbaikal mantle domain at depth of 200-350km. Based on spatial-temporal distribution of magmatic activity, the anomalous mantle region is suggested to be a time-integrated expression of subduction processes. High- and low-velocity material could be stored firstly during closing of the Mongolia-Okhotsk Ocean finalized at ca. 140Ma. After terrane accretion and structural reorganization at 113-107Ma, subduction of the Kula-Izanagi plate defined the northern margin of the anomalous mantle region. Low-velocity anomalies extended from a continental margin landward over 1000km beneath Aldan shield of the Siberian craton. The structural reorganization between 65 and 50Ma took place contemporaneously with accretion of the Okhotsk Sea plate to Eurasia. Block rotation and extension at the continental margin were accompanied by formation of the oblique Sikhote-Alin slab flexure of the Pacific plate. Afterwards, the slab flexure was widening to the south due to landward growing of the directly subducted Honshu-Khingan slab fragment. The latter resulted in development of the southern margin of the anomalous mantle region. The structural reorganization between 21 and 15Ma was coeval to accretion of the Philippine Sea plate to Eurasia with formation of the Japan-Korea oblique slab flexure, trench rolling-back effect, block rotations, and extension at the continental margin. The present-day subduction activity of the Pacific slab is focused at the oblique Japan-Korea and direct Hokkaido-Amur flexures.論文Articl

Dehydration of main-chain amides in the final folding step of single-chain monellin revealed by time-resolved infrared spectroscopy

Kinetic IR spectroscopy was used to reveal β-sheet formation and water expulsion in the folding of single-chain monellin (SMN) composed of a five-stranded β-sheet and an α-helix. The time-resolved IR spectra between 100 μs and 10 s were analyzed based on two consecutive intermediates, I1 and I2, appearing within 100 μs and with a time constant of ≈100 ms, respectively. The initial unfolded state showed broad amide I′ corresponded to a fluctuating conformation. In contrast, I1 possessed a feature at 1,636 cm−1 for solvated helix and weak features assignable to turns, demonstrating the rapid formation of helix and turns. I2 possessed a line for solvated helix at 1,637 cm−1 and major and minor lines for β-sheet at 1,625 and 1,680 cm−1, respectively. The splitting of the major and minor lines is smaller than that of the native state, implying an incomplete formation of the β-sheet. Furthermore, both major and minor lines demonstrated a low-frequency shift compared to those of the native state, which was interpreted to be caused by hydration of the C=O group in the β-sheet. Together with the identification of solvated helix, the core domain of I2 was interpreted as being hydrated. Finally, slow conversion of the water-penetrated core of I2 to the dehydrated core of the native state was observed. We propose that both the expulsion of water, hydrogen-bonded to main-chain amides, and the completion of the secondary structure formation contribute to the energetic barrier of the rate-limiting step in SMN folding