Effect of ginger, pomegranate and celery extractson zinc electrodeposition, surface morphology andcorrosion inhibition of mild steel

Electrodeposition of Zn on mild steel (MS) within an acid bath consisting of admixedZnCl2,H3BO3and KCl solution at specific concentrations of ginger (zingiber officinale), celery(Apium graveolens) and pomegranate (Punica granatum) extracts, and plating time was studied.The surface of electrodeposited MS was analyzed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). Energydispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was employed for elemental analysis. Results shows the presence andincrease in extract concentration is associated with the amount of Zn electrodeposited on MS. Gin-ger extracts induced the highest weight gain with values between 0.0867 g and 0.1219 g. Morphol-ogy studies showed good electrodeposition of Zn on MS, with closely packed Zn particles on thesurface with respect to additive concentrations and plating time. EDS results showed pomegranateinduced the highest %wt. content of Zn on MS. Corrosion resistance of the unplated and Zn elec-trodeposited MS with and without extract additives were evaluated with potentiodynamic polariza-tion method. Results showed the presence of ginger, pomegranate and celery extracts improved thecorrosion protection of Zn electrodeposited MS with optimal corrosion rates of 2.48 mm/y,2.78 mm/y and 1.95 mm/y compared to 7.96 mm/y for unplated MS and 6.58 mm/y for Zn elec-trodeposited MS without additives

EFFECT OF LAGOON AND FRESH WATERS ON THE COMPRESSIVE AND SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH OF GRADE 40 CONCRETE

of Lagoon water and fresh water on compressive and split tensile strength of concrete. A total specimen of 10 cubes and 10 cylinders including specimens for reference concrete were cast for both mixes and exposed to 28 days period of curing. The concrete samples was fully submerged in the lagoon and cured for 28days. For this concrete cubes and cylinders were cast with Portland limestone cement of 42.5-R using fresh water and cured using both fresh water and lagoon water.The result showed that the average compressive strength of concrete obtained using fresh water was 42.6N/mm2 compared to 36.4N/mm2 of Lagoon water and the average split tensile strength of concret

Comparative Analysis of Upstream Petroleum Fiscal Systems of Three (3) Petroleum Exporting Countries: Indonesia, Nigeria and Malaysia

The role of oil: its output and infrastructure and technology in the world are established. Exploration and Exploitation of oil is not only significant as a revenue generator but has become indispensible in the world economy especially as a result of the inability of world economy to find a better substitute. The recent decline and fluctuation arising from oil sector over the decades have prompted a reassessment of petroleum fiscal systems. The research compares the current upstream fiscal systems of three oil exporting countries: Nigeria, Indonesia and Malaysia. The approach adopted for this study is a review of the existing literature on fiscal regimes; the focus is an objective presentation of empirical evidence. The methodology involved desktop research which looked into published literature. Based on the evaluation, the paper arrived at possible conclusions and implications for oil fiscal regimes for the respective countries and the world fiscal systems in general

The ChatGPT Artificial Intelligence Chatbot: How Well Does It Answer Accounting Assessment Questions?

ChatGPT, a language-learning model chatbot, has garnered considerable attention for its ability to respond to users’ questions. Using data from 14 countries and 186 institutions, we compare ChatGPT and student performance for 28,085 questions from accounting assessments and textbook test banks. As of January 2023, ChatGPT provides correct answers for 56.5 percent of questions and partially correct answers for an additional 9.4 percent of questions. When considering point values for questions, students significantly outperform ChatGPT with a 76.7 percent average on assessments compared to 47.5 percent for ChatGPT if no partial credit is awarded and 56.5 percent if partial credit is awarded. Still, ChatGPT performs better than the student average for 15.8 percent of assessments when we include partial credit. We provide evidence of how ChatGPT performs on different question types, accounting topics, class levels, open/closed assessments, and test bank questions. We also discuss implications for accounting education and research

Function-Hiding Inner Product Encryption is Practical

In a functional encryption scheme, secret keys are associated with functions and ciphertexts are associated with messages. Given a secret key for a function f, and a ciphertext for a message x, a decryptor learns f(x) and nothing else about x. Inner product encryption is a special case of functional encryption where both secret keys and ciphertext are associated with vectors. The combination of a secret key for a vector x and a ciphertext for a vector y reveal and nothing more about y. An inner product encryption scheme is function- hiding if the keys and ciphertexts reveal no additional information about both x and y beyond their inner product. In the last few years, there has been a flurry of works on the construction of function-hiding inner product encryption, starting with the work of Bishop, Jain, and Kowalczyk (Asiacrypt 2015) to the more recent work of Tomida, Abe, and Okamoto (ISC 2016). In this work, we focus on the practical applications of this primitive. First, we show that the parameter sizes and the run-time complexity of the state-of-the-art construction can be further reduced by another factor of 2, though we compromise by proving security in the generic group model. We then show that function privacy enables a number of applications in biometric authentication, nearest-neighbor search on encrypted data, and single-key two-input functional encryption for functions over small message spaces. Finally, we evaluate the practicality of our encryption scheme by implementing our function-hiding inner product encryption scheme. Using our construction, encryption and decryption operations for vectors of length 50 complete in a tenth of a second in a standard desktop environment

Gender Difference and Church Member Satisfaction: An Appraisal.

This paper tries to determine both male and female church- attendance trends and to study gender effect, that is, differences between males and female regarding church attendance. It also considers churches as non-profit organizations contending with a mounting problem of male disinterest and disengagement. Based on reports originating in the popular press as well as expert opinion, men are falling away from church involvement in record numbers. A Survey study in Lagos – Nigeria determined that 61% of today's church members are women (Murrow 2005). A number of practitioner books, web-sites, and lay-leader seminars have appeared in recent years with the intent of addressing this issue while offering multiple theories to explain this trend. However, empirical evidence and systematic development of male member profiles that would aid in the development of marketing strategies to better target this group are lacking. This paper begins to address this shortcoming by exploring gender differences in general and male characteristics in particular as they pertain to church satisfaction and involvement. Gender and Behaviour Vol. 5 (2) 2007: pp. 1433-144

Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activities of heteroleptic metal chelates of isoniazid and 2,2’-bipyridine

The Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of isoniazid (L1) mixed with 2,2-bipyridine (L2) were synthesized and characterized by solubility studies, percentage metal analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, conductivity measurements and magnetic moment measurements. The IR spectra revealed that the isoniazid coordinated as a bidentate ligand. In Co(II) and Ni(II) complex it coordinated  via the carbonyl oxygen (C=O) and the amide nitrogen, while in the Cu(II), Mn(II) and Zn(II) complexes it coordinated using the amide and carbonyl oxygen via enolization. Bipyridine also bonded to the metals as a bidentate ligand through the pyridinic nitrogen atoms. The magnetic data showed that all the complexes were paramagnetic with values ranging from 1.70 to 5.0 B.M., except [Zn(Is)(Bipy)(H2O)Cl2] which was diamagnetic. The conductivity results revealed that the Cu(II), Mn(II), Zn(II) complexes were 1:1 electrolytes while Co(II) was 1:2 electrolyte and [Ni(Is)(Bipy)Cl2] was non-electrolytic in nature. The antibacterial activities of the ligands and the complexes as evaluated via the agar diffusion method showed that the complexes displayed moderately high antimicrobial activity in comparison with the free ligands when tested against ten strains of bacteria.                     KEY WORDS: Isoniazid, Electronic structure, Geometry, Antimicrobial activity, Electrolytic nature, Magnetic moment   Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 471-478. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.

Functional and pasting characteristics of pupuru and pupuru analogues from cassava (Manihot esculenta) and breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) blends

Pupuru and pupuru analogues are fermented, smoked food products usually produced from cassava or cassava substituted with a varying ratio of breadfruit. This study aims at determining and comparing the functional and pasting characteristics of pupuru and pupuru analogues with a view to expanding the utilization of breadfruit as pupuru analogue. The functional properties (water absorption capacity (%), swelling power (g/g), solubility (%)) and pasting characteristics were determined using standard methods. The results showed that the yield of the products ranged between 24.66 and 29.65%, and it was not affected by the amount of breadfruit substituted. The water absorption capacities of the pupuru and pupuru analogues ranged between 216.0 and 449.0%; this parameter increased with temperature increase. Both swelling power and solubility had a rapid increase from 80 °C to 90 °C. Pasting temperature ranged between 73.15 and 83.66 °C, with peak time between 4.58 and 5.33 min. The final viscosity ranged between 94.08 and 391.83 RVU, and it decreased with increase in breadfruit substitution. The study concluded that adding breadfruit to cassava in pupuru analogue production improved some of the functional and pasting properties of the product