Immunohistochemical detection of a specific receptor for lipocalin2 (solute carrier family 22 member 17, SLC22A17) and its prognostic significance in endometrial carcinoma

Background: We previously reported the overexpression of lipocalin2 (LCN2), a 25 kDa secretory protein involved in iron-transportation, in endometrial carcinoma and its possible contribution to endometrial carcinogenesis. Recently, a specific receptor for LCN2, solute carrier family 22 member 17 (SLC22A17), was identified. The present study was undertaken to investigate the expression of SLC22A17 in endometrial carcinoma. Methods: The expression of the SLC22A17 and LCN2 proteins was examined immunohistochemically using 69 cases of endometrial carcinoma and adjacent normal endometrial tissues. Immunoreactivity was evaluated according to the percentage of positive cells and described as a positivity index (PI, full score 100). Results: The expression of SLC22A17 was negligible in normal endometria, but positive staining for SLC22A17 (PI 1) was observed in 35 cases of endometrial carcinoma. The PI for SLC22A17 was significantly higher in cases with histological grade 3 (P < 0.0005), advanced FIGO stage (P=0.002), deep myometrial invasion (P=0.029), positive lymph-vascular space invasion (P = 0.029), positive intraperitoneal cytology (P = 0.020) and adnexal metastasis (P= 0.029). The expression of SLC22A17 and LCN2 was positively correlated with a significant difference (P= 0.002), and the patients who overexpressed both SLC22A17 and LCN2 showed poorer survival than those without the expression of SLC22A17 or LCN2 (P= 0.002). Moreover, the overexpression of both SLC22A17 and LCN2 was indicated to be an independent prognostic factor by multivariable analysis. Conclusions: These results suggested that SLC22A17, in cooperation with LCN2, to be involved in the acquisition of aggressive behavior among endometrial carcinoma cells.ArticleEXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY. 91(2):563-568 (2011)journal articl

Immunohistochemical expression of keratan sulfate: a possible diagnostic marker for carcinomas of the female genital tract

Aims The authors previously reported the expression of keratan sulfate (KS), a glycosaminoglycan, in the epithelium of normal and neoplastic endometria. The aim of this study was to evaluate its potential use as a diagnostic marker, and the expression of KS was investigated in other human epithelial tissues. Methods Expression was examined immunohistochemically using 102 samples of normal epithelia and 110 samples of carcinomas from the female genital tract (FGT; cervix, endometrium, ovary, fallopian tube), digestive organs (gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, liver), urinary tract, lung, mammary gland, thyroid and mesothelium. Results In normal tissues, KS was consistently detected in the FGT and ectopic endometrium (25/26), but was not found in the digestive organs (1/42) and urinary tract (0/6), and was only partly detected in the lung (7/10), mammary gland (3/9) and thyroid (4/4). In malignant tissues, KS was consistently observed in carcinomas of the endometrium, ovary and fallopian tube (29/32), and was partly detected in carcinomas of the lung, mammary gland, thyroid, pancreas and mesothelium, but was absent in carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract (0/17), liver (0/5) and urinary tract (0/11). Among carcinomas of the FGT, digestive organs and urinary tract, KS positivity suggested the possibility of FGT carcinomas, with 79.5% (31/39) sensitivity and 92.9% (39/42) specificity. Conclusions KS is a potentially useful marker for the supportive diagnosis of the primary site of metastatic carcinomas or unknown primary carcinomas, especially in the abdominal cavity.ArticleJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY. 64(12):1058-1063 (2011)journal articl

Placental Mesenchymal Dysplasia: Chronological Observation of Placental Images during Gestation and Review of the Literature

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) is characterized by multiple hypoechoic vesicles which are similar to molar changes in the placenta; however, the process of such morphological changes of PMD during pregnancy has not been fully understood. We performed a review of all PMD cases published in English and identified 49 articles including 110 cases. With regard to the gestational age at which the multicystic pattern was seen, approximately 70% of cases were diagnosed at 13-20 weeks of gestation. Another characteristic feature of PMD is varicose dilation of fetal chorionic vessels. As many as 90% of cases were diagnosed as placenta with dilated fetal chorionic vessels in the third trimester. We also report a case of PMD which was found at 10 weeks of gestation according to ultrasonic molar patterns. Serial observations of the placenta using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging revealed that multicystic lesions became smaller after 23 weeks. In contrast, dilated placental vessels on the fetal side became apparent at 38 weeks. The present review highlights that placental vesicular lesions of PMD may precede dilation of fetal chorionic vessels during pregnancy. It also indicates the potential of a gradual reduction in size of PMD's placental vesicular lesions by serial study of placental images.ArticleGYNECOLOGIC AND OBSTETRIC INVESTIGATION. 75(4):217-223 (2013)journal articl

A Case of Vaginal Varices that Caused Massive Bleeding after Vaginal Delivery

Article信州医学雑誌 64(1):35-39 (2016)journal articl

Immunohistochemical expression of keratan sulfate: a possible diagnostic marker for carcinomas of the female genital tract

Aims The authors previously reported the expression of keratan sulfate (KS), a glycosaminoglycan, in the epithelium of normal and neoplastic endometria. The aim of this study was to evaluate its potential use as a diagnostic marker, and the expression of KS was investigated in other human epithelial tissues. Methods Expression was examined immunohistochemically using 102 samples of normal epithelia and 110 samples of carcinomas from the female genital tract (FGT; cervix, endometrium, ovary, fallopian tube), digestive organs (gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, liver), urinary tract, lung, mammary gland, thyroid and mesothelium. Results In normal tissues, KS was consistently detected in the FGT and ectopic endometrium (25/26), but was not found in the digestive organs (1/42) and urinary tract (0/6), and was only partly detected in the lung (7/10), mammary gland (3/9) and thyroid (4/4). In malignant tissues, KS was consistently observed in carcinomas of the endometrium, ovary and fallopian tube (29/32), and was partly detected in carcinomas of the lung, mammary gland, thyroid, pancreas and mesothelium, but was absent in carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract (0/17), liver (0/5) and urinary tract (0/11). Among carcinomas of the FGT, digestive organs and urinary tract, KS positivity suggested the possibility of FGT carcinomas, with 79.5% (31/39) sensitivity and 92.9% (39/42) specificity. Conclusions KS is a potentially useful marker for the supportive diagnosis of the primary site of metastatic carcinomas or unknown primary carcinomas, especially in the abdominal cavity.ArticleJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY. 64(12):1058-1063 (2011)journal articl

Placental Mesenchymal Dysplasia: Chronological Observation of Placental Images during Gestation and Review of the Literature

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) is characterized by multiple hypoechoic vesicles which are similar to molar changes in the placenta; however, the process of such morphological changes of PMD during pregnancy has not been fully understood. We performed a review of all PMD cases published in English and identified 49 articles including 110 cases. With regard to the gestational age at which the multicystic pattern was seen, approximately 70% of cases were diagnosed at 13-20 weeks of gestation. Another characteristic feature of PMD is varicose dilation of fetal chorionic vessels. As many as 90% of cases were diagnosed as placenta with dilated fetal chorionic vessels in the third trimester. We also report a case of PMD which was found at 10 weeks of gestation according to ultrasonic molar patterns. Serial observations of the placenta using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging revealed that multicystic lesions became smaller after 23 weeks. In contrast, dilated placental vessels on the fetal side became apparent at 38 weeks. The present review highlights that placental vesicular lesions of PMD may precede dilation of fetal chorionic vessels during pregnancy. It also indicates the potential of a gradual reduction in size of PMD's placental vesicular lesions by serial study of placental images.ArticleGYNECOLOGIC AND OBSTETRIC INVESTIGATION. 75(4):217-223 (2013)journal articl

Certification of butyltins and phenyltins in marine sediment certified reference material by species-specific isotope-dilution mass spectrometric analysis using synthesized (118)Sn-enriched organotin compounds

A new marine sediment certified reference material, NMIJ CRM 7306-a, for butyltin and phenyltin analysis has been prepared and certified by the National Metrological Institute of Japan at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (NMIJ/AIST). Candidate sediment material was collected at a bay near industrial activity in Japan. After air-drying, sieving, and mixing the material was sterilized with γ-ray irradiation. The material was re-mixed and packaged into 250 glass bottles (15 g each) and these were stored in a freezer at −30 °C. Certification was performed by use of three different types of species-specific isotope-dilution mass spectrometry (SSID–MS)—SSID–GC–ICP–MS, SSID–GC–MS, and SSID–LC–ICP–MS, with (118)Sn-enriched organotin compounds synthesized from (118)Sn-enriched metal used as a spike. The (118)Sn-enriched mono-butyltin (MBT), dibutyltin (DBT), and tributyltin (TBT) were synthesized as a mixture whereas the (118)Sn-enriched di-phenyltin (DPhT) and triphenyltin (TPhT) were synthesized individually. Four different extraction methods, mechanical shaking, ultrasonic, microwave-assisted, and pressurized liquid extraction, were adopted to avoid possible analytical bias caused by non-quantitative extraction and degradation or inter-conversion of analytes in sample preparations. Tropolone was used as chelating agent in all the extraction methods. Certified values are given for TBT 44±3 μg kg(−1) as Sn, DBT 51 ± 2 μg kg(−1) as Sn, MBT 67 ± 3 μg kg(−1) as Sn, TPhT 6.9 ± 1.2 μg kg(−1) as Sn, and DPhT 3.4 ± 1.2 μg kg(−1) as Sn. These levels are lower than in other sediment CRMs currently available for analysis of organotin compounds

CD206+ M2-like macrophages regulate systemic glucose metabolism by inhibiting proliferation of adipocyte progenitors

Adipose tissue resident macrophages have important roles in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and regulate insulin sensitivity for example by secreting pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines. Here, we show that M2-like macrophages in adipose tissue regulate systemic glucose homeostasis by inhibiting adipocyte progenitor proliferation via the CD206/TGFβ signaling pathway. We show that adipose tissue CD206+ cells are primarily M2-like macrophages, and ablation of CD206+ M2-like macrophages improves systemic insulin sensitivity, which was associated with an increased number of smaller adipocytes. Mice genetically engineered to have reduced numbers of CD206+ M2-like macrophages show a down-regulation of TGFβ signaling in adipose tissue, together with up-regulated proliferation and differentiation of adipocyte progenitors. Our findings indicate that CD206+ M2-like macrophages in adipose tissues create a microenvironment that inhibits growth and differentiation of adipocyte progenitors and, thereby, control adiposity and systemic insulin sensitivity