大学教員などが実施する保育研究と保育者の協力の実態について : 研究に対する保育者の意識の検討

本研究は，大学の教員や学生などが幼児教育の実践現場で行っている研究の実態を明らかにし，それに対する保育者の感想や評価を解明することを目的とする。そのために幼稚園などに勤務している保育者に対して質問紙調査を実施し，回収された126人分の分析を行った。得られた主要な結果は以下の通りである。1．保育者は自分の保育をビデオ収録されるのを好まない。2．大学教員や学生が研究に協力した保育者に研究成果を伝えないことがある。3．保育者は必ずしも大学教授を信頼しているとは限らない。こうした結果を基に，大学教月や学生が研究実施に際して留意すべき点について考察した。This study examined the research activities of professors and students carried out in preschools, and aimed to elucidate preschool teachers\u27 thoughts and critical evaluations of these activities. We analyzed questionnaires answered by 126 preschool teachers. The main results were as follows: First, most preschool teachers did not like to be monitored and videotaped. Second, professors and students often did not report their results to preschool teachers who cooperated with them. Third, preschool teachers did not always place reliance on professors. Based on these, we have considered several points to which professors and students should pay attention when they engage in researches with preschool teachers

Fellow-Eye Comparison between Phaco-Tanito Microhook Trabeculotomy and Phaco-iStent Inject W

This study aims to compare the surgical efficacy and safety of the Tanito microhook trabeculotomy (TMH-CE) and iStent inject W (Inject-CE) when performed in combination with cataract surgery on the eyes of glaucoma patients. A total of 78 glaucomatous eyes from 39 participants were retrospectively analyzed. Intraocular pressure (IOP), the number of antiglaucoma medications, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anterior chamber flare (ACF), and corneal endothelial cell density (CECD) were all evaluated preoperatively and at multiple postoperative time points. The preoperative IOP was significantly higher in the TMH-CE (19.6 ± 6.7 mmHg) than in the Inject-CE (15.7 ± 3.8 mmHg) (p p p = 0.0034), while the IOP and medication-number levels were identical between TMH-CE (13.0 ± 3.3 mmHg and 1.3 ± 0.9, respectively) and Inject-CE (12.9 ± 2.6 mmHg and 1.9 ± 0.9, respectively) (p = 0.88 and p > 0.99, respectively). The TMH-CE group exhibited a higher ACF, a higher frequency of layered hyphema, and a greater anterior chamber floating red blood cells score in the early postoperative periods. Despite these differences, the changes in BCVA, ACF, and CECD were equivalent between the two groups in later follow-up periods. TMH-CE provides a more significant IOP reduction and medication-number reduction compared to Inject-CE, while Inject-CE shows quicker BCVA recovery. This study provides valuable insights for ophthalmologists choosing the most suitable surgical approach for glaucoma and cataract patients

Comparison of Phaco-Tanito Microhook Trabeculotomy between Propensity-Score-Matched 120-Degree and 240-Degree Incision Groups

This study compared the effectiveness and safety of 120-degree (nasal) and 240-degree (bilateral) incisions in Tanito Microhook Trabeculotomy (TMH) combined with cataract surgery in patients with open-angle glaucoma. From a pool of 185 eyes, 67 eyes from 67 subjects were selected for each incision group using propensity score matching to align age, sex, glaucoma type, and preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP). The study found that preoperative IOP, initially 18.6 mmHg in both groups, decreased to 13.2 mmHg in the nasal group and 12.8 mmHg in the bilateral group 12 months postoperatively, representing reductions of 29% and 31%, respectively. Similarly, medication scores decreased from 3.4 to 2.7 in the nasal group and from 3.1 to 2.5 in the bilateral group. Notably, the bilateral incision group exhibited a significantly higher hyphema red blood cell score compared to the nasal group (p < 0.0001). Across the study period, other parameters such as IOP, medication score, visual acuity, anterior chamber flare, corneal endothelial cell density, visual field mean deviation, and the frequency of surgical complications other than hyphema were similar between the groups. The study concluded that TMH combined with cataract surgery is equally effective and safe regardless of incision width, although narrower incisions resulted in reduced early postoperative hyphema

Knowledge of regulation of emotional expression in childhood : In the case of emotion expression corresponding to other persons

The purpose of this study was to examine the development of children's emotion regulation that expression corresponding to the feeling of other person and also to examine the reason of emotion regulation. Subjects were boys and girls students in 1st(N=40), 3rd(N=37), 5th(N=35) grade. Subjects were asked about the facial expression of a protagonist when that is facing a friend with express happiness, sadness and anger. Also subjects were asked to answer the suitable reason that the protagonist regulated the emotion (prosocial, self-protect and norm). Results revealed that happiness and sadness did not have the age difference. However, as for anger, the third grader and the fifth grader showed the same feeling as other persons like the adult. On the other hand, a first grader does not show the same feeling as other persons

大学教員などが実施する保育研究と保育者の協力の実態について : 研究に対する保育者の意識の検討

本研究は，大学の教員や学生などが幼児教育の実践現場で行っている研究の実態を明らかにし，それに対する保育者の感想や評価を解明することを目的とする。そのために幼稚園などに勤務している保育者に対して質問紙調査を実施し，回収された126人分の分析を行った。得られた主要な結果は以下の通りである。1．保育者は自分の保育をビデオ収録されるのを好まない。2．大学教員や学生が研究に協力した保育者に研究成果を伝えないことがある。3．保育者は必ずしも大学教授を信頼しているとは限らない。こうした結果を基に，大学教月や学生が研究実施に際して留意すべき点について考察した。This study examined the research activities of professors and students carried out in preschools, and aimed to elucidate preschool teachers' thoughts and critical evaluations of these activities. We analyzed questionnaires answered by 126 preschool teachers. The main results were as follows: First, most preschool teachers did not like to be monitored and videotaped. Second, professors and students often did not report their results to preschool teachers who cooperated with them. Third, preschool teachers did not always place reliance on professors. Based on these, we have considered several points to which professors and students should pay attention when they engage in researches with preschool teachers

Two different types of giant bleb formation following Ahmed Glaucoma valve implantation

Purpose: This study aims to present two different types of giant bleb formation following Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV) implantation: an anterior enlarged giant bleb and a posterior enlarged giant bleb. Observations: In Case 1, a 70-year-old Japanese male underwent AGV implantation for neovascular glaucoma in his right eye (OD). Preoperatively, the patient's intraocular pressure (IOP) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were 23 mmHg and 0.6, respectively, OD, while using 3 antiglaucoma topical medications. Two months post-surgery, the patient began experiencing double vision. Slit lamp evaluation revealed no abnormalities, IOP and BCVA were 24.0 mmHg and 0.8, respectively, OD. A posteriorly enlarged bleb in the superotemporal quadrant OD was found to be causing displacement on T2-weighted orbital MRI. The patient underwent surgical excision of the anterior bleb wall. By three weeks post-surgery, the double vision resolved; IOP and BCVA were 17 mmHg and 0.7, respectively, and a normal bleb in the slit lamp evaluation was identified OD. In Case 2, a 10-year-old Japanese female underwent AGV implantation for childhood glaucoma associated with congenital cataract OD. Preoperatively, IOP and BCVA were 30 mmHg and 0.5, respectively, OD, while using 3 antiglaucoma topical medications. She underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in addition to AGV implantation. Seven months post-surgery, slip lamp evaluation revealed an anteriorly enlarged giant bleb that only cause her a cosmetic concern. Conclusions and Importance: There are two types of giant bleb formation following AGV implantation based on the direction of the enlargement: an anterior enlarged giant bleb and a posterior enlarged giant bleb. The introduction of this classification contribute to better understanding and management of this unusual surgical complication