Identifying retrofitting opportunities for Federated Satellite Systems

This work aims to facilitate deployment of novel distributed space systems architectures such as Federated Satellite Systems (FSS). In particular, the purpose of the work is to identify retrofitting possibilities to incorporate existing satellites into a network. For the satellite case, the paper presents a systematic review of possible retrofitting options such as direct modifications, which include replacement and addition of interfaces, and indirect modifications with adding an intermediary (FSS Negotiator). While the paper concludes that direct modifications of existing satellites are non-feasible from the technical point of view, it also identifies a possible scenario of retrofitting by adding as an intermediary a Negotiator satellite. The link budget for the inter-satellite link between an existing satellite mission such as SPOT-6 and FSS Negotiator was estimated. The work concludes that from the link budget point of view with the existing communication technologies such configuration can provide a slant range limited from several hundred to thousands kilometers. Through analysis of open data of satellite characteristics, including ITU information concerning planned or existing space stations, the work comes up with several models for the further trade-off analysis, identifying how parameters of FSS Negotiator such as an operated bandwidth and frequency, types of supported modulations and cumulative throughput correlate with the covered number of satellites. These results might be used for the tradeoff analysis for the FSS Negotiator mission design. Eventually paper proposes several possible FSS Negotiator architectures and its high-level technical requirements based on analysis of characteristics of existed and planned satellites

Measures and approch for modernization of existing systems

International audienceDue to accelerating technological progress any engineered system eventually becomes obsolete and the question arises as to its modernization. Disciplines such as change and configuration management propose methods to maintain system at operational level by incorporating relatively small changes. When major rebuild is required to the system, existing literature proposes to follow the same System Engineering processes as during new system design and development. Systems Engineering, traditionally focused on design and development of new systems, paying limited attention to modernization of existing ones and its processes need to be specially tailored to the modernization of existing system. In the case of straightforward application of Systems Engineering processes, the step of new system formulation is often neglected and considered as something already granted. This paper gives an overview of approaches and methods in the field of system modernization. It proposes a metrics for classification of different types of system modernization. To facilitate system modernization this work introduces a framework based on proposed metrics, Design Structure Matrixes and functional analysis. The framework consists of decomposition and synthesis phases and aims to define new (modified) system, by providing a set of alternatives. The proposed framework anticipates application of traditional System Engineering approach. The paper is illustrated with an example in the field of car retrofitting

Identifying Retrofitting Opportunities for Federated Satellite Systems

This paper aims at identifying retrofitting possibilities to incorporate existing spacecraft into a network of federated satellite systems. The paper presents a systematic review of possible retrofitting options, such as direct modifications including replacement and addition of interfaces, and indirect modifications through the addition of intermediary federated negotiators. The paper considers existing frequency regulations for the analysis in the technical domain, but does not take into consideration how complex or time-consuming any legislative changes might be. Although the paper concludes that direct modifications of existing satellites are nonfeasible from a technical point of view, it identifies a possible scenario of retrofitting by adding intermediary negotiator satellites. The link budget for the intersatellite link between an existing satellite mission, such as SPOT-6, and a conceptual satellite negotiator was estimated. The work concludes that from a link budget point of view and existing technology, such a configuration can provide a slant range from several hundred to thousands of kilometers. The work defines models for trade-off analysis identifying correlations between satellite negotiator parameters and the number of covered satellites. The paper concludes proposing several possible satellite negotiator architectures and high-level technical requirements based on analysis of characteristics of existing and planned satellites

Measures and approch for modernization of existing systems

Due to accelerating technological progress any engineered system eventually becomes obsolete and the question arises as to its modernization. Disciplines such as change and configuration management propose methods to maintain system at operational level by incorporating relatively small changes. When major rebuild is required to the system, existing literature proposes to follow the same System Engineering processes as during new system design and development. Systems Engineering, traditionally focused on design and development of new systems, paying limited attention to modernization of existing ones and its processes need to be specially tailored to the modernization of existing system. In the case of straightforward application of Systems Engineering processes, the step of new system formulation is often neglected and considered as something already granted. This paper gives an overview of approaches and methods in the field of system modernization. It proposes a metrics for classification of different types of system modernization. To facilitate system modernization this work introduces a framework based on proposed metrics, Design Structure Matrixes and functional analysis. The framework consists of decomposition and synthesis phases and aims to define new (modified) system, by providing a set of alternatives. The proposed framework anticipates application of traditional System Engineering approach. The paper is illustrated with an example in the field of car retrofitting

Measures and approch for modernization of existing systems

International audienceDue to accelerating technological progress any engineered system eventually becomes obsolete and the question arises as to its modernization. Disciplines such as change and configuration management propose methods to maintain system at operational level by incorporating relatively small changes. When major rebuild is required to the system, existing literature proposes to follow the same System Engineering processes as during new system design and development. Systems Engineering, traditionally focused on design and development of new systems, paying limited attention to modernization of existing ones and its processes need to be specially tailored to the modernization of existing system. In the case of straightforward application of Systems Engineering processes, the step of new system formulation is often neglected and considered as something already granted. This paper gives an overview of approaches and methods in the field of system modernization. It proposes a metrics for classification of different types of system modernization. To facilitate system modernization this work introduces a framework based on proposed metrics, Design Structure Matrixes and functional analysis. The framework consists of decomposition and synthesis phases and aims to define new (modified) system, by providing a set of alternatives. The proposed framework anticipates application of traditional System Engineering approach. The paper is illustrated with an example in the field of car retrofitting