3-Methyl­thio­benzamide

In the title compound, C8H9NS, the dihedral angle between the aromatic ring and the thio­amide fragment is 36.0 (2)°. There are π-stacking inter­actions between coplanar aryl fragments, with a centroid–centroid separation of 3.658 (2) Å. In addition, there are inter­molecular hydrogen bonds between the amino group and the S atoms

2-(4-Bromo­phen­oxy)propanohydrazide

The title compound, C9H11BrN2O2, is an important inter­mediate for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds such as azoles, 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazo­les and 5-substituted 2-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazo­les. The bromo­phen­oxy group subtends a dihedral angle of 82.81 (7)° with the plane passing through the propanohydrazide moiety. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds that form columns extending along the b axis

5-[1-(3,4-Dichloro­phen­oxy)eth­yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione hemihydrate

In the title compound, C10H8Cl2N2O2S·0.5H2O, the atoms in the oxadiazole ring are essentially coplanar (r.m.s. deviation 0.010 Å). The crystal structure is stabilized by inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the water mol­ecule, which is situated on an a twofold rotation axis, and two organic mol­ecules, leading to a thione tautomer in the solid state. The C atom attached to the oxadiazole ring adopts a typical sp3 hybridization. The dihedral angle between the mean plane of the benzene ring of the dichloro­phenyl group and the mean plane of the oxadiazole ring is 74.18 (4)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯S hydrogen bonds

4-Chloro­benzothio­amide

In the title compound, C7H6ClNS, the dihedral angle between the aromatic ring and the thio­amide fragment is 28.1 (2)°. The structure features a π-stacking inter­action between the aromatic rings with a slight offset of the rings, giving a centroid–centroid separation of 3.7942 (2) Å. There are inter­molecular hydrogen-bonding inter­actions between the amino group and the S atoms

4-Bromo­thio­benzamide

The title compound, C7H6BrNS, crystallizes with two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The dihedral angles between the aromatic ring and the thio­amide fragment are 23.6 (4) and 20.5 (3)° in the two mol­ecules. In the crystal, there are inter­molecular N—H⋯S hydrogen-bonding inter­actions between the amine group and the S atoms

In vitro antitumorsko i antivirusno djelovanje novih benzotiazola i 1,3,4-oksadiazol-2-tion derivata

A series of new benzothiazole derivatives 6a-h have been synthesized, in five steps, from substituted phenols via the 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiones 5a-h. The in vitro antitumor activity of the compounds obtained was investigated and the benzothiazol derivatives 6d and 6e showed high effects on leukaemia cell lines CCRF-CEM (CC50 = 12 ± 2 µmol L1, 8 ± 1 µmol L1, respectively). These compounds are leading candidates for further development. The title compounds were tested against representatives of several virus families containing single stranded RNA genomes, either positive-sense (ssRNA+), or negative-sense (RNA-), and against double-stranded RNA genomes (dsRNA), as well as some Flaviviridae viruses.U pet reakcijskih koraka sintetizirana je serija novih derivata benzotiazola 6a-h polazeći iz supstituiranih fenola preko 1,3,4-oksadiazol-2-tiona 5a-h. Sintetizirani spojevi ispitani su na antitumorsko djelovanje. Benzotiazol derivati 6d i 6e pokazali su jak učinak na staničnu liniju leukemije CCRF-CEM (CC50 = 12 ± 2, odnosno 8 ± 1 µmol L1). Ti su spojevi predvodni spojevi za daljnji razvoj. Nadalje, novi su spojevi testirani na djelovanje na nekoliko tipova virusa koji sadrže bilo pozitivni (ssRNA+) bilo negativni (RNA-) jednolančani RNA genom ili dvolančani RNA genom (dsRNA), te na neke Flaviviridae viruse

4-n-Butyl-3-(3-methyl­phen­yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5(4H)-one

In the mol­ecule of the title compound, C13H17N3O, the two rings make a dihedral angle of 56.63 (13)°. Mol­ecules are linked by strong N—H⋯O inter­molecular hydrogen bonds into chains running along the c axis

6-(Adamantan-1-yl)-3-(3-fluoro­phen­yl)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thia­diazole

The title mol­ecule, C19H19FN4S, displays C s mol­ecular symmetry, in which the crystallographic mirror plane bis­ects the adamantan-1-yl unit while the 3-fluoro­phenyl triazole ring is located on the mirror plane. The F atom of the 3-fluoro­phenyl ring is positionally disordered [occupancy ratio 0.9:0.1]. In the crystal, π–π inter­actions between the triazole and phenyl rings occur [centroid–centroid distance = 3.5849 (7) Å] and weak C—H⋯F inter­actions form a ribbon propagating in [010]

Sustainable banking regulations pre and during coronavirus outbreak: the moderating role of financial stability

With the worldwide dispersion of COVID-19, banking sector, among others, needs to adapt to unexpected challenges. For this purpose, this study examines the impact of sustainable banking regulations on bank-specific characteristics pre and during COVID19 period in Pakistan for the period spanning from 2006 to 2020. Moreover, financial stability is employed to test its moderating role on sustainable banking regulations. The dynamic estimator, named the system-Generalized Method of Moments, is used to analyze the endogenous nature of the data. Findings suggest that capital adequacy ratio, deposit ratio, and loan ratio are positive whereas leverage ratios are negatively related to profitability and market return. Overall, findings reveal that sustainable banking regulations influenced the bank-specific characteristics substantially. Importantly, the year-wise averages of variables reveal that Pakistani banks have made significant improvements in profitability, market return, capital adequacy, and deposit ratio pre and during pandemic era. Additionally, the financial stability significantly moderates the relationship highlighting lower default risk and the effectiveness of sustainable banking operations. Practically, despite global lockdowns, economic and trade restrictions during COVID-19, State Bank of Pakistan, sustained health of banking sector through its well-regulated monitoring mechanism

Iatrogenic trauma following percutaneous and minimally invasive surgical interventions

Technological progress has changed the landscape of surgical practice. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and percutaneous interventions (PC) are constantly replacing open procedures. This reduces hospital stay and allows quicker recovery. The application of MIS should follow the good medical practice dictum by Hippocrates i.e. First do no harm . To remain abreast with new procedures, the medical personnel are required to update and enhance their knowledge and skill. To ensure safety, the innovations are rigorously tested and tried. The learning curve of MIS is shortened by simulator training and proctorship. Credentialing processes are in place to enhance safe delivery of care. Despite of all these measures MIS and PCI are associated with adverse effects. The purpose of this article is to overview the iatrogenic trauma associated with MIS and PCI in major surgical subspecialties