Combined Orthodontic and Surgical Approach in the Correction of a Class III Skeletal Malocclusion with Mandibular Prognathism and Vertical Maxillary Excess Using Bimaxillary Osteotomy

For patients whose orthodontic problems are so severe that neither growth modification nor camouflage offers a solution, surgery to realign the jaws or reposition dentoalveolar segments is the only possible treatment. Surgery is not a substitute for orthodontics in these patients. Instead, it must be properly coordinated with orthodontics and other dental treatments to achieve good overall results. Dramatic progress in recent years has made it possible for combined surgical orthodontic treatment to be carried out successfully for patients with a severe dentofacial problem of any type. This case report provides an overview of the current treatment methodology in managing a combination of asymmetrical mandibular prognathism and vertical maxillary excess

Prevalence of Oral, Skin, and Oral and Skin Lesions of Lichen Planus in Patients Visiting a Dental School in Southern India

Background: Lichen planus (LP) is a mucocutaneous disease that is relatively common among adult population. LP can present as skin and oral lesions. This study highlights the prevalence of oral, skin, and oral and skin lesions of LP. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of oral, skin, and oral and skin lesions of LP from a population of patients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiodiagnosis, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Tiruvalla, Kerala, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of oral, skin, and oral and skin lesions of LP. This is a ongoing prospective study with results of 2 years being reported. LP was diagnosed on the basis of clinical presentation and histopathological analysis of mucosal and skin biopsy done for all patients suspected of having LP. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences) software version 14. To test the statistical significance, chi-square test was used. Results: Out of 18,306 patients screened, 8,040 were males and 10,266 females. LP was seen in 118 cases (0.64%). Increased prevalence of LP was observed in middle age adults (40-60 years age group) with lowest age of 12 years and highest age of 65 years. No statistically significant differences were observed between the genders in skin LP group (P=0.12) and in oral and skin LP groups (P=0.06); however, a strong female predilection was seen in oral LP group (P=0.000036). The prevalence of cutaneous LP in oral LP patients was 0.06%. Conclusion: This study showed an increased prevalence of oral LP than skin LP, and oral and skin LP with a female predominance

Lingual frenectomy using multiple series Z-plasty

The tongue is an important structure for speech, mastication and deglutition. Avulsion of a portion of tongue can significantly limit the range of motion thereby impairing its functions. This is the case report of a traumatically amputated tongue which was reconstructed to fulfill its function effectively. Z-plasty is one of the most commonly used soft tissue corrective procedures in plastic surgery. Here we describe the use of a modification of the Z-plasty—multiple series Z-plasty for a tongue frenectomy

Polyaniline-Based Highly Sensitive Microbial Biosensor for Selective Detection of Lindane

A highly sensitive, selective, and rapid, whole-cell-based electrochemical biosensor was developed for detection of the persistent organochlorine pesticide γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH), commonly known as lindane. The gene <i>linA2</i> encoding the enzyme γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) dehydrochlorinase (LinA2), involved in the initial steps of lindane (γ-HCH) biotransformation, was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The lindane-biodegrading E. coli cells were immobilized on polyaniline film. The rapid and selective degradation of lindane and concomitant generation of hydrochloric acid by the recombinant E. coli cells in the microenvironment of polyaniline led to a change in its conductivity, which was monitored by pulsed amperometry. The biosensor could detect lindane in the part-per-trillion concentration range with a linear response from 2 to 45 ppt. The sensor was found to be selective to all the isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and to pentachlorocyclohexane (PCCH) but did not respond to other aliphatic and aromatic chlorides or to the end product of lindane degradation, i.e., trichlorobenzene (TCB). The sensor also did not respond to other commonly used organochlorine pesticides like DDT and DDE. On the basis of experimental results, a rationale has been proposed for the excellent sensitivity of polyaniline as a pH sensor for detection of H⁺ ions released in its microenvironment