2 research outputs found
Associations between Vitamin D, Omega 6:Omega 3 Ratio, and Biomarkers of Aging in Individuals Living with and without Chronic Pain
Elevated inflammatory cytokines and chronic pain are associated with shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a measure of cellular aging. Micronutrients, such as 25-hydroxyvitamin D (vitamin D) and omega 3, have anti-inflammatory properties. Little is known regarding the relationships between vitamin D, omega 6:3 ratio, LTL, inflammation, and chronic pain. We investigate associations between vitamin D, omega 6:3 ratio, LTL, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in people living with/without chronic pain overall and stratified by chronic pain status. A cross-sectional analysis of 402 individuals (63% women, 79.5% with chronic pain) was completed. Demographic and health information was collected. Chronic pain was assessed as pain experienced for at least three months. LTL was measured in genomic DNA isolated from blood leukocytes, and micronutrients and CRP were measured in serum samples. Data were analyzed with general linear regression. Although an association between the continuous micronutrients and LTL was not observed, a positive association between omega 6:3 ratio and CRP was detected. In individuals with chronic pain, based on clinical categories, significant associations between vitamin D, omega 6:3 ratio, and CRP were observed. Findings highlight the complex relationships between anti-inflammatory micronutrients, inflammation, cellular aging, and chronic pain
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Low muscle mass is associated with a higher risk of all–cause and cardiovascular disease–specific mortality in cancer survivors
•We conducted survival analysis for cancer survivors and their cancer-free counterparts by muscle mass.•Cancer survivors with low muscle mass are more likely to die or have fatal cardiovascular events.•Compared with their cancer-free counterparts, the effects of low muscle mass on mortality are stronger in cancer survivors.
Individuals with prior cancer diagnosis are more likely to have low muscle mass (LMM) than their cancer-free counterparts. Understanding the effects of LMM on the prognosis of cancer survivors can be clinically important. The aim of this study was to investigate whether risks for all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD)–specific mortality differ by status of LMM in cancer survivors and a matched cohort without cancer history.
We used cohort data from the 1999–2006 and 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants included 946 adults surviving for ≥1 since cancer diagnosis and a matched cohort (by age, sex, and race) without cancer history (N = 1857). LMM was defined by appendicular lean mass and body height (men <7.26 kg/m2, women <5.45 kg/m2). Death was ascertained via the National Death Index and cause of death was assessed via International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of LMM.
The mean age of cancer survivors and matched cohort was 60.6 y (SD 15) and 60.2 y (SD 14.9), respectively. The median follow-up was 10.5 y for survivors and 10.9 y for matched cohort. Overall, 22.2% of cancer survivors and 19.7% of the matched cohort had LMM, respectively. In all, 321 survivors (33.9%) and 495 participants (26.7%) in the matched cohort died during follow-up. CVD-specific deaths were identified in 58 survivors (6.1%) and 122 participants in the matched cohort (6.6%). The multivariable Cox model suggested that LMM was positively associated with all-cause (aHR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.31–2.29) and CVD-specific (aHR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.14–4.00) mortality in cancer survivors. The associations between LMM and risk for all-cause (aHR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.98–1.56) and CVD-specific (aHR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.75–1.93) mortality were not statistically significant in the matched cohort.
Cancer survivors with LMM have an increased risk for all-cause and CVD-specific mortality. This increase appears to be larger than that in counterparts without cancer history