"The effects of hydrosalpinx on in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer outcomes "

Hydrosalpins (dilatation of Fallpian tube that can be seen by hysterosalpingogeraphy. Laparoscocpy, and in severe cases by sonography) is one of the probable confounding factors of assited – reproduction therapy (ART) outcomes. This cohort study is conducted to determine the effects of hydrosalpins on IVF-ET outcomes. For this, of the total number of patients who had approached the infertility Department Mirza Koochak Khan Hospital in the period between ordibehcesht 1377 to Aban 1378 (April 1998 to November 1999), 392 patients had come for the IVF0 ET cysles and were selected for our study. In these patients the numbers of oocytes retrieved and fertilized, the number of embryos transferred to the uterine cavity and resulting clinical pregnancy rates were measured.51 patients who had hydrosalpins were studied in two separate comparisons. Initially with 50 patients who had tubal involvement other hydrosalpinx, but had other indications of IVF-ET. These groups had similar age distribution. The numbers of oocytes retrieved (in first comparison = 1.6 & 3.92 and in second comparison = 4.6 & 4.65) and the number of embryo comparison = 2.6& 2.47) didn’t have significant statistical differences, but despite the fact that the same number of embryos were transferred to the uterine cavity (in the first comparison = 2.53 & 2.14 and in the second comparison= 2.53 & 2.27) , the clinical pregnancy rates in both comparisons were reduced by more than 50% in patients with hydrosaplins as comparison = 7.8% & 20% and in second comparison = 7.8% & 16.1%) . we conclude that hydrosalpins didn’t result in impaired ovarian stimulation or decreased oocyte fertilization. It did however interfere with implantation and reduced to some degree the success of IVF in achieving a clinical pregnancy

Septate Uterus with Cervical Duplication (The Second World Report)

Mullerian anomalies are one of the interesting but uncommon entities that gynecologists confront. The incidence is 1-6%, It is difficult to" anticipate the real incidence, because most of information is obtained from infertile or complicated patients with inadequate work-up. Recently endoscopic pocedures reveal more details about these anomalies. Today, classification of Buttram & Gibbons (modified by AFS [American Fertility Society]) is accepted. In this paper one patient with septate uterus, duplication of cervix and vaginal septum is introduced. According to information obtained, only one similar case is reported (by McBean et al). This entity is not conformed with AFS classification. Only in Toaff et al classification, there is a class similar to these patients. This entity is not explained by classic embryological theory of mullerian developmen

"THE EFFECTS OF LOW-DOSE ASPIRIN TREATMENT IN OVARIAN AND UTERINE RESPONSIVENESS, IMPLANTATION AND PREGNANCY RATES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ICSI"

Vascularization of the follicle may play a role in its maturation and aspirin seems to increase this vascularization.In this investigation we have studied the effects of low-dose aspirin on ovarian and uterine response, implantation and pregnancy rates in patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). This prospective semirandomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was undertaken in Mirza Kochek Khan IVF center. Forty four infertile patients who were undergoing ICSI cycle were studied and they were divided in two groups. The mean age of patients and distribution of the cause of infertility in two groups were similar. In the treatment group, 22 patients underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and received a daily dose of 100 mg aspirin. In the control group 22 patients underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in association with placebo. Number of follicles ≥ 15mm in diameter, number of oocytes retrieved, endometrial thickness, cancellation rate, number of transferred embryos and implantation and pregnancy rates were analyzed in two groups.There was no statistically significant difference between the treatment and control groups for each of the above variables (P >0.05). This study showed that low dose aspirin therapy has no added effect to ovarian and uterine response, implantation and pregnancy rates in ICSI patients.Further studies are recommended for confirmation of our results

A comparison between the growth trend of normal and low birth weight newborns during the first year of life

"n Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Background: Low-birth-weight (LBW) children are at higher risk for failure to thrive. The aim of the study was to establish the trend of physical growth in Until now their growth was evaluated with normal birth weight baby's chart."n"n Methods: In this cohort study we investigated demographic characteristics and growth trend during the first of life 406 newborn divided into three groups: LBW (Low Birth Weight) n=103, VlBW (Very Low Birth Weight) n=20 and NBW (Normal Birth Weight) n=303. Body weight, length and head circumference were measured at the time of birth and several follow ups until 12 months of chronological age."n"n Results: NBW growth trend adopts the standard chart. Significant differences in terms of physical growth (weight- height- head circumference) were seen between the two groups of preterm (LBW & VLBW) and NBW children. Although it was demonstrated that growth velocity of preterm & NBW children were the same. Significant differences for weight was seen between VLBW and LBW group only until 6 months after birth. This difference was seen for height and Head circumference until the end of the first year of life. "n"nConclusions: VLBW and LBW babies need special growth charts. But the adjustment method of anthropometric traits to gestational age may be useful to evaluate LBW baby's growth

The Role of Peripheral Natural Killer Cells in Recurrent Spontaneous Abortions

Introduction: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is defined as three or more consecutive miscarriages, which affects 0.8 to 1% of pregnant women. Despite several well-established etiologic factors, the cause of RSA cannot be determined in almost 60% of the cases. It has been postulated that a part of these repeated pregnancy losses might be due to immune causes. Material and Methods: In the present case control study using flowcytometry, peripheral NK cytotoxicity was compared in three different groups. 21 women with history of RSA at the time of 3rd or higher abortion (Group I), 32 women with history of three or more previous abortions and at least three months had lapsed since the last abortion (Group II) and 32 pregnant women with no history of abortion and at least one successful pregnancy (Group III) were studied. Results: Group I and Group II showed significantly higher NK cytotoxicity than Group III in all of the effect to target (E: T) ratios (P≤0.045 and P≤0.002 respectively). NK cytotoxicity was similar in groups I and II. There were no significant correlation between the number of abortions, age and NK cytotoxicity. Conclusion: The results indicate an increased peripheral NK cell cytotoxicity in RSA groups as compared to pregnant control. NK cell cytotoxicity may be considered as a risk factor for RSA and for maintaining normal pregnancy, NK cell cytotoxicity may be down-regulated. Peripheral NK cytotoxicity is not elevated during first trimester in RSA women. It is suggested that detection of NK cytotoxicity in RSA women should be performed as a routine

PREVALENCE OF Y CHROMOSOME MICRODELETIONS IN IRANIAN INFERTILE MEN

This study was designed to determine the frequency of Y chromosome AZF (Azoospermia Factor ) subregions, microdeletions in patients with idiopathic nonobstructive azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia. Subjects included 40 men who had been referred to infertility clinics for assisted reproduction, 37 were azoospermic and 3 had severe oligospermia. Medical history and physical exam revealed no evidence of infection, obstruction of seminal tract, endocrine failure or chromosomal anomalies. Hormonal study was performed for all patients. Twenty six men had biopsies of the testes including 11 patients with hypospermatogenesis, 9 patients with maturation arrest, 4 patients with sertoli cell only syndrome and 2 patients with tubular sclerosis. In 14 men who did not have a testicular biopsy multiple, epididymal and testicular sperm aspirations under anesthesia failed and testicular sperm extraction was subsequently performed for ICSI. DNA was isolated from blood samples. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 11 loci spanning the AZFa, AZFb and AZFc subregions of the Y chromosome using sY81, sY83, sY127, sY130, sY131, sY147, sY149, sY157, sY158, sY254 and sY276 was performed. Microdeletions of the Y chromosome were found in two of the patients (5%), who had azoospermia. Deletions were restricted to DAZ (deleted in azoospermia ) locus in AZFc subregion. One of the patients had a history of cryptorchidism and the second had undergone a left side varicocelectomy. Testicular pathology showed sertoli cell only syndrome in both of them. Our experience adds to the current logic that men with azoospermia or severe oligospermia should be evaluated for Yq11 microdeletions before deciding to operate varicoceles or else scheduling them for assisted reproductive techniques

The effect of oral melatonin supplementation on MT-ATP6 gene expression and IVF outcomes in Iranian infertile couples: a nonrandomized controlled trial

This study aims to evaluate the effect of melatonin supplementation on the outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate production (MT-ATP6) gene expression in Iranian infertile couples. A single-blind nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted, recruiting 90 infertile couples who underwent IVF at an infertility center in Tehran, Iran. Patients who were assigned to the intervention group received melatonin as a supplementation to the standard controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). The control group received a COS protocol only. Primary outcome was the mRNA level of the MT-ATP6 gene in cumulus cells of ovarian follicles. Secondary outcomes were the mean number of mature oocytes retrieved, the embryo quality, and biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates. The mRNA level of the MT-ATP6 gene in cumulus cells between intervention and control groups was not statistically different (0.931 vs.1; P � 0.05). The mean number of poor-quality embryos was significantly lower in the intervention group than that in the control group (0.27 vs. 0.80; P = 0.028). The biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates were higher in the intervention group (24 vs. 14, P = 0.089, and 14 vs. 7, P = 0.302, respectively); however, the difference was not significant. Melatonin supplementation did not increase the odds of clinical pregnancy and the number of mature oocytes retrieved, but significantly reduced the number of low-quality embryos. More extensive studies focusing on the level of MT-ATP6 gene expression in the oocyte or blastomere cells may further elucidate the effect of supplementation with melatonin in infertile couples who have poor clinical outcomes. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials: IRCT2015042912307N4. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature