Gas Sensitive Materials Based on Polyacrylonitrile Fibers and Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles

The results of the synthesis of PAN/NiO composite fibers by the electrospinning method are presented. The electrospinning installation included a rotating drum collector for collecting fibers. Nickel oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by solution combustion synthesis from nickel nitrate and urea. It was shown that monophase NiO nanoparticles with average particle sizes of 154 nm could be synthesized by this method. NiO nanoparticles were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Based on NiO nanoparticles, composite PAN/NiO fibers were obtained by electrospinning. The obtained composite fibers were modified with heat treatment (stabilization and carbonization) processes. Obtained C/NiO fibers were investigated by SEM, and EDAX. It was shown that obtained composite fibers could be used for the detection of acetone and acetylene in air. These results show that C/NiO based electrospun fibers have potential applications in gas sensors

Gas Sensitive Materials Based on Polyacrylonitrile Fibers and Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles

The results of the synthesis of PAN/NiO composite fibers by the electrospinning method are presented. The electrospinning installation included a rotating drum collector for collecting fibers. Nickel oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by solution combustion synthesis from nickel nitrate and urea. It was shown that monophase NiO nanoparticles with average particle sizes of 154 nm could be synthesized by this method. NiO nanoparticles were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Based on NiO nanoparticles, composite PAN/NiO fibers were obtained by electrospinning. The obtained composite fibers were modified with heat treatment (stabilization and carbonization) processes. Obtained C/NiO fibers were investigated by SEM, and EDAX. It was shown that obtained composite fibers could be used for the detection of acetone and acetylene in air. These results show that C/NiO based electrospun fibers have potential applications in gas sensors

Rice-Husk-Based Materials for Biotechnological and Medical Applications

This review contains the main research directions, which are directly aimed at converting materials based on rice husks particularly, for their role for medicine and biotechnology. Especially in developing countries, more than 95% of rice husks are produced. Although numerous studies have been conducted on the production of various materials from rice husks, the existing scientific information is still widely scattered in the literature. Therefore, this review article provides extensive information on the work of various researchers, including the Institute of Combustion Problems (Almaty, Kazakhstan), on the production of various materials from rice husks and their physico-chemical characteristics. The main applications of rice husk materials in medicine are discussed. The ways of prospective conversion of rice husks for biotechnological purposes are considered

PAN—Composite Electrospun-Fibers Decorated with Magnetite Nanoparticles

The results of the synthesis of PAN(polyacrylonitrile)-magnetite composite fibers using the electrospinning method are presented. The electrospinning installation included a rotating drum collector for collecting fibers. Magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized using chemical condensation from an iron chloride solution. It was shown that homogeneous Fe3O4 magnetite nanoparticles with particle sizes of 6–16 nm could be synthesized using this method. Magnetite nanoparticles were investigated using X-ray diffraction analyses and transmission electron microscopy. Based on magnetite nanoparticles, composite PAN/magnetite fibers were obtained through electrospinning. The obtained composite fibers were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analyses, and elemental analyses. It was shown that the magnetite nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on the surface of the fibers. A comparison of PAN fibers without any added magnetite to PAN/magnetite fibers showed that the addition of magnetite led to a decrease in the value of the fiber diameter at the same polymer concentration and under the same electrospinning process conditions