Оценка влияния избыточного содержания пальмового масла в рационе и экстракта гарцинии камбоджийской на морфогенез костной системы у белых крыс различного возраста

ГАРЦИНИЯ КАМБОДЖИЙСКАЯ /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕПМОРФОГЕНЕЗ /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕПКОСТНО-МЫШЕЧНАЯ СИСТЕМА /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕП /ПАТОЛОГКРЫСЫКРЫСЫ ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЕЭКСПЕРИМЕНТЫ НА ЖИВОТНЫХМАСЛАМАСЛА РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫЕРАСТИТЕЛЬНЫЕ МАСЛАСКЕЛЕТОЖИРЕНИЕКОСТЬ И КОСТНЫЕ ТКАНИ /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕП /ПАТОЛОГПЛЕЧЕВАЯ КОСТЬ /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕП /ПАТОЛОГБОЛЬШЕБЕРЦОВАЯ КОСТЬ /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕП /ПАТОЛОГРОСТА ЗОНА ЭПИФИЗАРНАЯ /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕП /ПАТОЛОГХРЯЩ ЭПИФИЗАРНЫЙ /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕП /ПАТОЛОГЭПИФИЗАРНАЯ ЗОНА РОСТА /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕП /ПАТОЛОГЭПИФИЗАРНАЯ РОСТОВАЯ ПЛАСТИНКА /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕП /ПАТОЛОГЭПИФИЗАРНЫЙ ХРЯЩ /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕП /ПАТОЛОГХРЯЩ /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕП /ПАТОЛОГНАДКОСТНИЦА /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕП /ПАТОЛОГДИАФИЗЫ /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕП /ПАТОЛОГОСТЕОГЕНЕЗ /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕПОКОСТЕНЕНИЕ ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ /ДЕЙСТВ ПРЕППРОКСИМАЛЬНЫЕ ЭПИФИЗАРНЫЕ ХРЯЩИЭКСТРАКТ ГАРЦИНИИ КАМБОДЖИЙСКОЙБЕЛЫЕ КРЫСЫПАЛЬМОВОЕ МАСЛОРАЦИОН ПИТАНИ

Reactive High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering of Metal Oxides

The work presented in this thesis deals with reactive magnetron sputtering processes of metal oxides with a prime focus on high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). The aim of the research is to contribute towards understanding of the fundamental mechanisms governing a reactive HiPIMS process and to investigate their implications on the film growth. The stabilization of the HiPIMS process at the transition zone between the metal and compound modes of Al-O and Ce-O was investigated for realizing the film deposition with improved properties and higher depositionrate and the results are compared with direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) processes. The investigations were made for different sputtering conditions obtained by varying pulse frequency, peak power and pumping speed. For the experimental conditions employed, it was found that reactive HiPIMS can eliminate/suppress the hysteresis effect for a range of frequency, leading to a stable deposition process with a high deposition rate. The hysteresis was found to be eliminated for Al-O while for Ce-O, it was not eliminated but suppressed as compared to the DCMS. The behavior of elimination/suppression of the hysteresis may be influenced by high erosion rate during the pulse, limited target oxidation between the pulses and gas rarefaction effects in front of the target. Similar investigations were made for Ti-O employing a larger target and the hysteresis was found to be suppressed as compared to the respective DCMS, but not eliminated. It was shown that the effect of gas rarefaction is a powerful mechanism for preventing oxide formation upon the target surface. The impact of this effect depends on the off-time between the pulses. Longer off-times reduce the influence of gas rarefaction. To gain a better understanding of the discharge current-voltage behavior in a reactive HiPIMS process of metal oxides, the ion compositions and ion energy distributions were measured for Al-O and Ti-O using time averaged and time-resolved mass spectrometry. It was shown that the different discharge current behavior between non-reactive and reactive modes couldn’t be explained solely by the change in the secondary electron emission yield from the sputtering target. The high fluxes of O1+ ions contribute substantially to the discharge current giving rise to an increase in the discharge current in the oxide mode as compared to the metal mode. The results also show that the source of oxygen in the discharge is both, the target surface (via sputtering) as well as the gas phase. The investigations on the properties of HiPIMS grown films were made by synthesizing metal oxide thin films using Al-O, Ti-O and Ag-Cu-O. It was shown that Al2O3 films grown under optimum condition using reactive HiPIMS exhibit superior properties as compared to DCMS. The HiPIMS grown films exhibit higher refractive index as well as the deposition rate of the film growth was higher under the same operating conditions. The effect of HiPIMS peak power on TiO2 film properties was investigated and the results are compared with the DCMS. The properties of TiO2 films such as refractive index, film density and phase structure were experimentally determined. The ion composition during film growth was investigated and an explanation on the correlation of the film properties and ion energy was made. It was found that energetic and ionized sputtered flux in reactive HiPIMS can be used to tailor the phase formation of the TiO2 films with high peak powers facilitating the rutile phase while the anatase phase can be obtained using low peak powers. These phases can be obtained at room temperature without external substrate heating or post-deposition annealing which is in contrast to the reactive DCMS where both, anatase and rutile phases of TiO2 are obtained at either elevated growth temperatures or by employing post deposition annealing. The effect of HiPIMS peak power on the crystal structure of the grown films was also investigated for ternary compound, Ag-Cu-O, for which films were synthesized using reactive HiPIMS as well as reactive DCMS. It was found that the stoichiometric Ag2Cu2O3 can be synthesized by all examined pulsing peak powers. The oxygen gas flow rate required to form stoichiometric films is proportional to the pulsing peak power in HiPIMS. DCMS required low oxygen gas flow to synthesis the stoichiometric films. The HiPIMS grown films exhibit more pronounced crystalline structure as compared to the films grown using DCMS. This is likely an effect of highly ionized depositing flux which facilitates an intense ion bombardment during the film growth using HiPIMS. Our results indicate that Ag2Cu2O3film formation is very sensitive to the ion bombardment on the substrate as well as to the backattraction of metal and oxygen ions to the target

Reactive High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering of Metal Oxides

The work presented in this thesis deals with reactive magnetron sputtering processes of metal oxides with a prime focus on high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). The aim of the research is to contribute towards understanding of the fundamental mechanisms governing a reactive HiPIMS process and to investigate their implications on the film growth. The stabilization of the HiPIMS process at the transition zone between the metal and compound modes of Al-O and Ce-O was investigated for realizing the film deposition with improved properties and higher depositionrate and the results are compared with direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) processes. The investigations were made for different sputtering conditions obtained by varying pulse frequency, peak power and pumping speed. For the experimental conditions employed, it was found that reactive HiPIMS can eliminate/suppress the hysteresis effect for a range of frequency, leading to a stable deposition process with a high deposition rate. The hysteresis was found to be eliminated for Al-O while for Ce-O, it was not eliminated but suppressed as compared to the DCMS. The behavior of elimination/suppression of the hysteresis may be influenced by high erosion rate during the pulse, limited target oxidation between the pulses and gas rarefaction effects in front of the target. Similar investigations were made for Ti-O employing a larger target and the hysteresis was found to be suppressed as compared to the respective DCMS, but not eliminated. It was shown that the effect of gas rarefaction is a powerful mechanism for preventing oxide formation upon the target surface. The impact of this effect depends on the off-time between the pulses. Longer off-times reduce the influence of gas rarefaction. To gain a better understanding of the discharge current-voltage behavior in a reactive HiPIMS process of metal oxides, the ion compositions and ion energy distributions were measured for Al-O and Ti-O using time averaged and time-resolved mass spectrometry. It was shown that the different discharge current behavior between non-reactive and reactive modes couldn’t be explained solely by the change in the secondary electron emission yield from the sputtering target. The high fluxes of O1+ ions contribute substantially to the discharge current giving rise to an increase in the discharge current in the oxide mode as compared to the metal mode. The results also show that the source of oxygen in the discharge is both, the target surface (via sputtering) as well as the gas phase. The investigations on the properties of HiPIMS grown films were made by synthesizing metal oxide thin films using Al-O, Ti-O and Ag-Cu-O. It was shown that Al2O3 films grown under optimum condition using reactive HiPIMS exhibit superior properties as compared to DCMS. The HiPIMS grown films exhibit higher refractive index as well as the deposition rate of the film growth was higher under the same operating conditions. The effect of HiPIMS peak power on TiO2 film properties was investigated and the results are compared with the DCMS. The properties of TiO2 films such as refractive index, film density and phase structure were experimentally determined. The ion composition during film growth was investigated and an explanation on the correlation of the film properties and ion energy was made. It was found that energetic and ionized sputtered flux in reactive HiPIMS can be used to tailor the phase formation of the TiO2 films with high peak powers facilitating the rutile phase while the anatase phase can be obtained using low peak powers. These phases can be obtained at room temperature without external substrate heating or post-deposition annealing which is in contrast to the reactive DCMS where both, anatase and rutile phases of TiO2 are obtained at either elevated growth temperatures or by employing post deposition annealing. The effect of HiPIMS peak power on the crystal structure of the grown films was also investigated for ternary compound, Ag-Cu-O, for which films were synthesized using reactive HiPIMS as well as reactive DCMS. It was found that the stoichiometric Ag2Cu2O3 can be synthesized by all examined pulsing peak powers. The oxygen gas flow rate required to form stoichiometric films is proportional to the pulsing peak power in HiPIMS. DCMS required low oxygen gas flow to synthesis the stoichiometric films. The HiPIMS grown films exhibit more pronounced crystalline structure as compared to the films grown using DCMS. This is likely an effect of highly ionized depositing flux which facilitates an intense ion bombardment during the film growth using HiPIMS. Our results indicate that Ag2Cu2O3film formation is very sensitive to the ion bombardment on the substrate as well as to the backattraction of metal and oxygen ions to the target

Tinea nigra mimicking acral melanocytic nevi

Tinea nigra is a superficial infection caused by dematiaceous fungi. The clinical skin lesion is characterized by well-circumscribed brown–black macule patches on the palms and soles. In Asia, such pigmentation on these areas can be suggestive of acral lentiginous melanoma, which cause morbidity and mortality. Here, we report a case of a young patient with solitary black macule on the left palm for a year. Potassium hydroxide test was positive for pigmented short hyphae. The lesion subsided following topical antifungal treatment without recurrence. This report aims to provide insights into diagnosis of patients with pigmentations on acral areas. Keywords: Tinea nigra, Pigmentation, Superficial mycoses, Fungal infection, Melanocytic nev

Bullous and pustular cutaneous larva migrans: two case reports and a literature review

Abstracts: Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is a common skin infestation in tropical countries. The classic presentation is a serpiginous, migratory track on the feet. Local and systemic reactions, as well as secondary bacterial infections, are rarely reported. The authors report two cases of CLM with a blister and pustular response on uncommon body locations. The patients were treated with anthelmintic therapy, and a topical corticosteroid was used to relieve their severe reactions. This report aims to describe an infrequent presentation of a common disease and review treatment plans. Keywords: Blister, Bullous, Cutaneous, Hookworm infections, Larva migrans, Pustula

Verruca plana mimicking seborrheic keratosis in the elderly: A case report

Verruca plana is a common viral infection in childhood and early adulthood caused by the human papillomavirus. The clinical presentation can mimic that of benign epithelial neoplasms, particularly seborrheic keratosis, which is common in the elderly. We report a case involving an Asian female patient in her eighties who presented with multiple skin papules resembling seborrheic keratosis on her forehead. Based on the dermatopathologic studies, verruca plana was diagnosed. Keywords: Verruca plana, Flat warts, Seborrheic keratosis, Elderly, Geriatri

Recurrent extragenital herpes simplex type 2 occurring in a distal location of the same dermatome

Herpes simplex infection (HSV) is a common infectious disease, which the main clinical manifestations are mucocutaneous infection. Extragenital infections are reported in both type 1 and type 2 of herpes simplex virus. We report a case of a 33-year-old female with recurrent extragenital HSV type 2 infection on the right medial wrist. The patient had history of the previous infection site locating on the right posterior deltoid however both of two sites are the same dermatomal distribution. This report demonstrates the recurrent herpes simplex infection can develop in another area of the dermatomal distribution

Burkitt lymphoma initially mimicking varicella zoster infection

Burkitt lymphoma is an aggressive type of nodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This disease commonly involves the gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow, central nervous system, and in rare instances, the skin. We report the case of a 78-year-old Asian man who had experienced subacute fever and significant weight loss. He initially presented with a zosteriform skin rash on his right temporal area, which primary physicians diagnosed as varicella zoster infection and treated with antiviral drugs. The rash developed on the left forehead and chest. Dermatopathological studies on a skin lesion on the chest wall showed characteristics of Burkitt lymphoma. After a week of palliative chemotherapy, regression of all skin lesions was observed. This report aims to demonstrate an unusual zosteriform pattern of cutaneous involvement in Burkitt lymphoma