Study on the experiment and reaction kinetics of sulfur removal from coal by microorganisms

To solve the safety problem of spontaneous combustion of high-sulfur coal, applied microbiology, physical chemistry, reaction kinetics theory, combined with the SEM, FTIR and TG-DTG-DSC experiments and analysis of testing methods, the microbial desulfurization experiments were carried out, and the change law of the desulfurization reaction of coal before and after the element composition, main physical and chemical properties, the coal spontaneous combustion point was studied. The results show that when the temperature is 30°C, the coal particle size is 120 mesh, the initial pH value is 2.0 and the bacteria liquid amount is 15 mL, the desulfurization effect of the coal sample is the best, and the maximum desulfurization rate can reach 75.12%. There is obvious erosion on the surface of the coal sample after microbial desulfurization, the pyrite in the coal is obviously reduced, and the molecular structure in the coal is basically unchanged. Under the action of microorganism, part of inorganic sulfur in coal is removed, the spontaneous combustion point of coal is increased by 50°C, the activation energy of coal has increased more than three times, and the possibility of spontaneous combustion of coal is reduced. By analyzing the reaction kinetics of the microbial desulfurization process, it can be seen that the microbial desulfurization reaction is controlled by external diffusion, internal diffusion and chemical reaction, among which internal diffusion is the main influencing factor

Extension adaptive design model of scheme design for complex mechanical products

Budući da je projektni nacrt konfiguracije proizvodne strukture složenog mehanizma kompliciran i kreativan proces mnogostrukih hijerarhija i atributa, proučavamo način projektiranja proširenja za prilagodljivi projekt velikog složenog proizvoda i predlažemo izvedbeni model koji uključuje poznavanje raznovrsnog projektiranja u postupku projektiranja proizvoda. Kombinacijom spoznaja iz literature i s tim povezanim ograničenjima u projektiranju, postavljen je model projekta prilagodljivog proširenju. Svrha projekta prilagodljivog proširenju je pokazati kompatibilnost uvjeta i ciljeva u postupku prilagodljivog projektiranja. Uspostavljanjem idealnih pozitivnih i negativnih domena, on postiže težinsku superiornost proširenja sheme odlučivanja. U radu se predlaže metoda optimizacije proširenja prilagodljivog projekta za složene mehaničke proizvode. Zatim se postavlja i predlaže okvir modela projektiranja proširenja za složene mehaničke proizvode. Na kraju se analizira projekt proizvoda velike hidraulične turbine kako bi se provjerila valjanost i operabilnost modela.Due to the complicated, multi-hierarchy, multi-attribute and creative process of product structure configuration of complex mechanism scheme design, we study the extension design mode for adaptive design of a large complex product and propose an expression model of multi-type design knowledge in the process of product design. Combined with the field of knowledge and the related design constraints, the adaptive design of extension model is established. The objective function of extension adaptive design is to present the compatibility of the conditions and objectives in the process of adaptive design. Through establishing the ideal positive and negative domains, it acquires the weighted extension superiority of decision scheme. This paper puts forward the extension optimization method of adaptive design for complex mechanical products. Then, it establishes and proposes a framework of extension design model for complex mechanical products. Finally, it analyses the design of large hydraulic turbine products to verify the validity and operability of the model

Extension adaptive design model of scheme design for complex mechanical products

Budući da je projektni nacrt konfiguracije proizvodne strukture složenog mehanizma kompliciran i kreativan proces mnogostrukih hijerarhija i atributa, proučavamo način projektiranja proširenja za prilagodljivi projekt velikog složenog proizvoda i predlažemo izvedbeni model koji uključuje poznavanje raznovrsnog projektiranja u postupku projektiranja proizvoda. Kombinacijom spoznaja iz literature i s tim povezanim ograničenjima u projektiranju, postavljen je model projekta prilagodljivog proširenju. Svrha projekta prilagodljivog proširenju je pokazati kompatibilnost uvjeta i ciljeva u postupku prilagodljivog projektiranja. Uspostavljanjem idealnih pozitivnih i negativnih domena, on postiže težinsku superiornost proširenja sheme odlučivanja. U radu se predlaže metoda optimizacije proširenja prilagodljivog projekta za složene mehaničke proizvode. Zatim se postavlja i predlaže okvir modela projektiranja proširenja za složene mehaničke proizvode. Na kraju se analizira projekt proizvoda velike hidraulične turbine kako bi se provjerila valjanost i operabilnost modela.Due to the complicated, multi-hierarchy, multi-attribute and creative process of product structure configuration of complex mechanism scheme design, we study the extension design mode for adaptive design of a large complex product and propose an expression model of multi-type design knowledge in the process of product design. Combined with the field of knowledge and the related design constraints, the adaptive design of extension model is established. The objective function of extension adaptive design is to present the compatibility of the conditions and objectives in the process of adaptive design. Through establishing the ideal positive and negative domains, it acquires the weighted extension superiority of decision scheme. This paper puts forward the extension optimization method of adaptive design for complex mechanical products. Then, it establishes and proposes a framework of extension design model for complex mechanical products. Finally, it analyses the design of large hydraulic turbine products to verify the validity and operability of the model

ARNOLD: A Benchmark for Language-Grounded Task Learning With Continuous States in Realistic 3D Scenes

Understanding the continuous states of objects is essential for task learning and planning in the real world. However, most existing task learning benchmarks assume discrete(e.g., binary) object goal states, which poses challenges for the learning of complex tasks and transferring learned policy from simulated environments to the real world. Furthermore, state discretization limits a robot's ability to follow human instructions based on the grounding of actions and states. To tackle these challenges, we present ARNOLD, a benchmark that evaluates language-grounded task learning with continuous states in realistic 3D scenes. ARNOLD is comprised of 8 language-conditioned tasks that involve understanding object states and learning policies for continuous goals. To promote language-instructed learning, we provide expert demonstrations with template-generated language descriptions. We assess task performance by utilizing the latest language-conditioned policy learning models. Our results indicate that current models for language-conditioned manipulations continue to experience significant challenges in novel goal-state generalizations, scene generalizations, and object generalizations. These findings highlight the need to develop new algorithms that address this gap and underscore the potential for further research in this area. See our project page at: https://arnold-benchmark.github.ioComment: The first two authors contributed equally; 20 pages; 17 figures; project availalbe: https://arnold-benchmark.github.io

Similarities and Differences in the Fermiology of Kagome Metals AV3_{3}Sb5_{5} (A=K, Rb, Cs) Revealed by Shubnikov-de Haas Oscillations

Materials with AV$_3$Sb$_5$ (A=K, Rb, Cs) stoichiometry are recently discovered kagome superconductors with the electronic structure featuring a Dirac band, van Hove singularities and flat bands. These systems undergo anomalous charge-density-wave (CDW) transitions at $T_{\rm CDW}$~80-100 K, resulting in the reconstruction of the Fermi surface from the pristine phase. Although comprehensive investigations of the electronic structure via quantum oscillations (QOs) have been performed on the sister compounds CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ and RbV$_3$Sb$_5$, a detailed QO study of KV$_3$Sb$_5$ is so far absent. Here, we report the Shubnikov-de Haas QO study in KV$_3$Sb$_5$. We resolve a large number of new frequencies with the highest frequency of 2202 T (occupying ~54% of the Brillouin zone area in the $k_x$-$k_y$ plane). The Lifshitz-Kosevich analysis further gives relatively small cyclotron effective masses, and the angular dependence study reveals the two-dimensional nature of the frequencies with a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, we compare the QO spectra for all three AV$_3$Sb$_5$ compounds collected under the same conditions, enabling us to point out the similarities and differences across these systems. Our results fill in the gap of the QO study in KV$_3$Sb$_5$ and provide valuable data to understand the band structure of all three members of AV$_3$Sb$_5$.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

Zinc Overload Enhances APP Cleavage and Aβ Deposition in the Alzheimer Mouse Brain

BACKGROUND: Abnormal zinc homeostasis is involved in β-amyloid (Aβ) plaque formation and, therefore, the zinc load is a contributing factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the involvement of zinc in amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and Aβ deposition has not been well established in AD animal models in vivo. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In the present study, APP and presenilin 1 (PS1) double transgenic mice were treated with a high dose of zinc (20 mg/ml ZnSO4 in drinking water). This zinc treatment increased APP expression, enhanced amyloidogenic APP cleavage and Aβ deposition, and impaired spatial learning and memory in the transgenic mice. We further examined the effects of zinc overload on APP processing in SHSY-5Y cells overexpressing human APPsw. The zinc enhancement of APP expression and cleavage was further confirmed in vitro. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The present data indicate that excess zinc exposure could be a risk factor for AD pathological processes, and alteration of zinc homeostasis is a potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of AD

Tick-borne Agents in Rodents, China, 2004–2006

Many rodent species may be involved in the enzootic maintenance of these agents

The conscious processing of emotion in depression disorder: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies

BackgroundDepression is generally accompanied by a disturbed conscious processing of emotion, which manifests as a negative bias to facial/voice emotion information and a decreased accuracy in emotion recognition tasks. Several studies have proved that abnormal brain activation was responsible for the deficit function of conscious emotion recognition in depression. However, the altered brain activation related to the conscious processing of emotion in depression was incongruent among studies. Therefore, we conducted an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) analysis to better understand the underlying neurophysiological mechanism of conscious processing of emotion in depression.MethodElectronic databases were searched using the search terms “depression,” “emotion recognition,” and “neuroimaging” from inceptions to April 10th, 2023. We retrieved trials which explored the neuro-responses of depressive patients to explicit emotion recognition tasks. Two investigators independently performed literature selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. The spatial consistency of brain activation in conscious facial expressions recognition was calculated using ALE. The robustness of the results was examined by Jackknife sensitivity analysis.ResultsWe retrieved 11,365 articles in total, 28 of which were included. In the overall analysis, we found increased activity in the middle temporal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, and cuneus, and decreased activity in the superior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, insula, and superior frontal gyrus. In response to positive stimuli, depressive patients showed hyperactivity in the medial frontal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and insula (uncorrected p < 0.001). When receiving negative stimuli, a higher activation was found in the precentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, precuneus, and superior temporal gyrus (uncorrected p < 0.001).ConclusionAmong depressive patients, a broad spectrum of brain areas was involved in a deficit of conscious emotion processing. The activation of brain regions was different in response to positive or negative stimuli. Due to potential clinical heterogeneity, the findings should be treated with caution.Systematic review registrationhttps://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-11-0057/, identifier: 2022110057