A Dual Analysis of Verb-less Coordination in Korean

This paper explores the nature of verb-less coordination (VLC) in Korean. Various proposals have been made to explain the peculiar properties of VLC: movement analysis, string deletion analysis, and multiple dominance analysis. We show that none of these analyses are fully satisfactory by observing apparent mismatches between elided parts in the first conjunct and the shared parts in the second conjuncts. We claim that ellipsis analysis is basically correct in capturing apparent mismatches which we coin as vehicle change effects. However, we further propose that some VLC constructions are instances of multiple fragments. Hence VLC in Korean exhibits the dual nature. We show that multiple fragments analysis of VLC is selectively available only with distributed reading of the shared verb, otherwise ellipsis analysis of it is forced by default

A Sub-1 ppm/degrees C CMOS Bandgap Voltage Reference With Process Tolerant Piecewise Second-Order Curvature Compensation

This paper presents a CMOS high-precision bandgap voltage reference. To obtain low temperature coefficient (TC) regardless of process variation, piecewise second-order curvature compensation method is proposed. Curvature compensation current is generated through current subtraction and current squaring operation with two currents with different dependence on temperature. Also, several circuit techniques are adopted to achieve compensate error sources. Chopping technique is utilized to cancel 1/f noise and DC offset of the error amplifier. Trimming resistor is used to compensate process variation. The bandgap reference is designed in a 0.13 mu m CMOS process. Post layout simulation shows that TC of the bandgap reference is 0.64ppm/degrees C over a wide temperature range of -40 degrees C to 125 degrees C. Moreover, sub-1 ppm/degrees C TC is achieved irrespective of process variation after two-point temperature trimming. The bandgap reference consumes 44 mu A at 27 degrees C and layout size is 0.0534mm(2).N

Should total omentectomy be performed for advanced gastric cancer?: The role of omentectomy during laparoscopic gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer

© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.Background: In the era of minimally invasive surgery, laparoscopic partial omentectomy (LPO) has seen widespread use as a curative surgical procedure for early gastric cancer. However, scientific evidence of the extent of omentectomy during laparoscopic gastrectomy remains unclear for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Methods: We analyzed 666 eligible patients who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy for AGC with curative intent between 2014 and 2018. Surgical outcome and postoperative prognosis were compared between LPO and laparoscopic total omentectomy (LTO) groups after 2:1 propensity score matching with age, sex, body mass index, tumor size, pT stage, pN stage, gastrectomy type, and clinical T stage as covariates. Results: After extensive matching, there was no significant difference in pathologic or clinical stages between the LPO (n = 254) and LTO (n = 177) groups. LPO provided a significantly shorter operation time than LTO (199.2 ± 64.8 vs. 248.1 ± 68.3 min, P < 0.001). Pulmonary complication within postoperative 30 days was significantly lower in the LPO group (4.4 vs. 10.3%, P = 0.018). In multivariate analysis, LTO was the independent risk factor for pulmonary complication (odds ratio [OR] 2.53, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.12–5.73, P = 0.025), which became more obvious in patients with a Charlson’s comorbidity index of 4 or higher (OR 27.43, 95% CI 1.35–558.34, P = 0.031). The 5-year overall survival rate (OS) and 3-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were not significantly different between the two groups, even after stage stratification. Conclusion: LPO provided significantly shorter operation time and less pulmonary complication than LTO without compromising 5-year OS and 3-year RFS for AGC. LTO was the independent risk factor for pulmonary complications, which became more evident in patients with severe comorbidities.N

Single-Incision Proximal Gastrectomy With Double-Flap Esophagogastrostomy Using Novel Laparoscopic Instruments

Background.The optimal type of anastomosis after proximal gastrectomy (PG) is still controversial. A novel technique termed "double-flap" esophagogastrostomy (EG) has been introduced. The application of this technique after PG is reported to have little gastroesophageal reflux without the need of creating an esophagojejunostomy. However, this procedure is technically challenging and hence difficult to apply in laparoscopic PG. This technical report describes in detail how to perform single-incision proximal gastrectomy (SIPG) with double-flap EG with the use of novel laparoscopic instruments.Methods.Two patients diagnosed with early gastric cancer underwent SIPG. A 2.5 cm incision was made, and a scope holder was used in place of a scopist. After performing PG with D1+ lymphadenectomy, double seromuscular flaps were created on the anterior wall of the stomach. After tagging the esophagus to the inferior edge of the flap window, the stomach and esophagus were opened through electrocautery. EG was performed intracorporeally using continuous barbed sutures, and the flap is then secured to the anastomosis. To facilitate this procedure, an intra-abdominal organ retractor and an articulating needle holder were used. The supplementary video illustrates in detail how these devices are used to perform the technique.Results.Total operation times were 190 and 110 minutes each, and anastomosis took 75 and 46 minutes each. Patients had no complications and were both discharged on postoperative day 6.Conclusion.Double-flap PG is technically feasible through a single incision with the use of articulating laparoscopic devices and intra-abdominal organ retractors to assist in intracorporeal anastomosis.N