Protective effect of clotrimazole on lung injury in an experimental model of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm

Background. Lungs are the target organs most affected by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, which is exacerbated when hemorrhagic shock occurs. Suppressing various proinflammatory cytokines, inflammation and oxidation that initiate and aggravate lung damage with various drugs or methods provides significant benefits in preventing lung damage. Objectives. This study aims to evaluate the protective effect of clotrimazole (CLT), an antimycotic drug, on lung injury and systemic inflammatory response in rats by creating an experimental model of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA). Materials and methods. Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham, sham+CLT, sham+polyethylene glycol (PEG), shock+ischemia/reperfusion (SIR), and SIR+CLT. Saline, CLT and PEG were administered in the sham groups without shock and I/R. The hemorrhagic shock was developed in SIR groups by drawing blood for 1 h to keep the mean arterial pressure at 50 mm Hg. After 60 min, the SIR+CLT group was given 20 mg/kg CLT; then, the aortic clamps were opened, and rats were left for 120 min of reperfusion. The blood taken to create hemorrhagic shock was returned in a controlled manner during this time. At the end of the reperfusion procedure, samples were taken for cytokine levels in serum and lung tissue and for other biochemical analyses. Blood gas, histopathological examination and wet/dry weight measurements were performed to assess lung injury. Results. An increase was observed in all parameters in the SIR group compared to the sham group. In the SIR+CLT group, the serum myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), lung MPO values, histologically lung injury scores, and lung tissue wet/dry ratio were decreased significantly when compared to the SIR group (p < 0.05). Conclusions. These results indicate that CLT may reduce the systemic inflammatory response and lung injury due to shock and I/R in an experimental model of RAAA

Relationship of serum pentraxin-3 with peripheral arterial disease

Aim: Since atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process associated with peripheral artery disease (PAD), the inflammatory marker pentraxin (PTX) may increase in PAD. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional clinical study was performed at the tertiary university hospital emergency department and cardiovascular surgery departments in Turkey. The purpose was to determine the value of PTX3 in the diagnosis of PAD. This study was performed on 43 symptomatic patients aged >18 years and diagnosed with PAD. Results: Median PTX3 value was 1.027 (25–75th percentile: 0.395–2.902) in the control group and 0.585 (25–75th percentiles: 0.406–5.467) in the PAD group (p=0.913). A comparison of PTX3 with ankle brachial index (ABI) values revealed a weak and non-significant correlation (rho: 0.016, p=0.886). Analysis of PTX3 values with other parameters (age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, and SpO2) revealed no significant correlation with any of the other parameters. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that PTX3 levels cannot be used as a marker in patients with the chronic process of PAD

Is metabolic syndrome related with coronary artery disease severity and complexity: An observational study about IDF and AHA/NHLBI metabolic syndrome definitions

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the relation between metabolic syndrome (MS) and coronary artery disease (CAD) complexity, assessed by Syntax score (SS), and severity in non-diabetic patients with stable CAD who underwent coronary angiography, and to evaluate whether the MS defined by different definitions, including International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and American Heart Association/National Heart Lung Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) guidelines, similarly correlated with SS.Methods: The present study is cross sectional and observational with prospective inclusion of 248 consecutive patients (157 male) who underwent coronary angiography due to stable CAD.Results: The prevalence of MS was 54.4% according to IDF definition and 50.4% according to AHA/NHLBI definition. MS score according to IDF definitions (r = 0.446, p &lt; 0.001), MS score according to AHA/NHLBI definitions (r = 0.341, p &lt; 0.001) were moderately correlated with SS. In Fisher r to z transformation test the correlations of the presence of MS according to IDF and AHA/NHLBI definitions with SS were not statistically significant (p = 0.168, z = –1.38). The systolic blood pressure (p &lt; 0.001, B = 0.354, 95% CI = –0.308 to 0.228), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.006, B = –0.194, 95% CI = –0.333 to –0.056), age (p = 0.014, B = 0.147, 95% CI = 0.029 to 0.264), left ventricular ejection fraction (p = 0.031, B = –0.150, 95% CI= –0.286 to –0.014), waist/hip circumference (p &lt; 0.001, B = 45.713, 95% CI = 23.235 to 68.1919) and log10 high density lipoprotein (p &lt; 0.001, B = –22.209, 95% CI = –33.298 to–11.119) were the independent predictors of SS in linear regression analysis.Conclusions: MS is associated with the presence and complexity of CAD. Besides the presence of discrepancy in the limits of waist circumference, both IDF and AHA/NHLBI criteria were similarly correlated with CAD complexity

Alleviating Effect of Alpha-Pinene on Testicular Torsion and Detorsion Injury in Rats

Objective:It was aimed to evaluate whether alpha-pinene (AP) had a beneficial effect in the testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) model for the first time.Materials and Methods:Testicular malondialdehyde, total oxidant status, and total antioxidant status levels were determined using spectrophotometric methods. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), myeloperoxidase (MPO), 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) levels were determined using the commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Hematoxylin-eosin staining method was used in the histopathological evaluation.Results:In the IRI group, testicular MDA, MPO, GRP78, ATF6, and CHOP levels were significantly increased, while GSH and GPx levels were decreased compared with the control group (p<0.01). AP application restored these levels significantly (p<0.05). Johnsen scores were also significantly lower in the IRI group compared the control group (p<0.001), and AP treatment increased these scores significantly (p<0.001).Conclusion:These results suggest that AP can protect the testicular tissue against IRI by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress with its antioxidant properties, thus providing a molecular basis for a novel medical treatment of testicular IRI. Future studies are needed on other mechanisms of the protective effect of AP on the pathogenesis of testicular torsion

The Prognostic Significance of Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Objective: The soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a soluble form of the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor expressed in various immune and cancer cells. The levels of suPAR have been demonstrated to correlate with prognosis in various cancers. This study was intended to investigate serum suPAR levels and their effect on prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Materials and Methods: Thirty newly diagnosed patients with AML and 29 healthy individuals were enrolled. Serum suPAR levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Serum suPAR levels were significantly higher in patients with AML than in healthy individuals (9±5.9 ng/mL and 2.4±1.4 ng/mL, respectively; p<0.001). Positive correlation was determined between suPAR levels and white blood cell counts (p<0.01). Serum suPAR levels were lower in patients who achieved complete response than in patients not achieving complete response (5.5±2.2 ng/mL and 12±6.6 ng/mL, respectively; p<0.001). The median overall survival was longer in patients with serum suPAR levels below 6.71 ng/mL than in those with serum suPAR levels above 6.71 ng/mL (12.6±13.2 months and 1.71±0.6 months, respectively; p=0.02). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that suPAR had independent prognostic value (95% confidence interval: 1.029-6.259; p<0.05) in AML. Conclusion: Serum suPAR levels can be used as a prognostic marker in AML

N-acetylcysteine ameliorates 5-fluorouracil-induced ovarian injury in rats

Objective: Although 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most commonly used chemotherapeutics worldwide, it has been shown that 5-FU administration can cause reproductive toxicity in recent years. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is the precursor of glutathione, the most important endogenous antioxidant molecule and is known for its effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Although NAC is one of the most studied antioxidant molecules, its curative effect against ovarian damage caused by 5-FU has not been demonstrated to date. It was therefore aimed to investigate whether NAC is therapeutic against 5-FU-induced ovotoxicity in this study for the first time.Methods: Rats were first exposed to a single dose of 5-FU (100 mg/kg) and then treated with NAC (10 and 20 mg/kg) for three days. The oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis markers in ovarian tissues were also determined using spectrophotometric methods. Ovarian tissues were also evaluated histologically.Results: It was revealed that the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis biomarkers in ovarian tissue increased by 5-FU administration (p<.005). Treatments with NAC significantly restored these damages dose-dependently (p<.005). Moreover, these biochemical findings were confirmed by histological examination.Conclusion: NAC can be considered as a potential therapeutic molecule against 5-FU-induced reproductive toxicity, as it can abolish the ovarian toxicity caused by 5-FU by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis

Oksidatif Stres Parametrelerinin Deneysel Mezenterik İskemi Modelinde Değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Akut mezenterik iskemi (AMI) tanısında, protein karbonil, total antioksidan status (TAS), total oksidan status (TOS), oksidatif stres indeks (OSI) ve malondialdehit (MDA) düzeylerini belirlemek. Sonuç: Bu deneysel mezenter iskemi modelinde elde edilen sonuçlara göre, gruplar arasında histopatolojik hasar farkı anlamlı olmasına rağmen, plasma protein karbonil ve oksidatif stresin diğer göstergelerinden MDA, TAS, TOS ve OSI seviyelerinin iskemi ve kontrol grupları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark oluşturmadığı görüld

Investigation of the relationship between oxidative stress and SCUBE1 levels in high fat diet-induced obese rats

Bodur, Akin/0000-0001-7413-2717WOS: 000425902900032PubMed: 29479985Background/aim: This study aimed to investigate signal peptide-Cub-EGF domain-containing protein 1 (SCUBE1) levels and oxidative stress (OS) in a high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rat model. Materials and methods: Fourteen rats were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1, the control group, was given a standard diet (10% calories of fat) and Group 2, the obese group, was given a HFD (60% calories of fat), both for 70 days. Rats were then sacrificed and serum samples were collected. Serum glucose and triglyceride concentrations were determined using an autoanalyzer. Serum SCUBE1, adiponectin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum malondialdehyde levels and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities were determined using colorimetric methods. Results: Final body weight was higher in the obese group (P = 0.007). Serum malondialdehyde concentrations were also higher in the obese group (P = 0.021). Serum glutathione peroxidase activities were higher in the control group (P = 0.028). Serum SCUBE1 levels were also higher in the control group (P = 0.038). Conclusion: There may be no connection between the measured OS parameters and SCUBE1. Differences in SCUBE1 levels may therefore be evaluated independently from OS in obesity