The Effects Of Topical Antiglaucoma On The Conjunctival Cell Profile

Topical antiglaucoma drugs were implicated to cause subclinical chronic inflammation , which was believed to be responsible in inducing excessive scarring of the filtering bleb. Our aim is to investigate the effects of topical antiglaucoma drugs on conjunctival cell profile when compared to eye not expose to the drugs. The effects of duration of treatment, type of drugs and number of topical anti glaucoma drugs on conjunctival cell profile were also evaluated. Histologica

Recurrent Bilateral Occipital Infarct with Cortical Blindness and Anton Syndrome

Bilateral cortical blindness and Anton syndrome, are most commonly caused by ischaemic stroke. In this condition, patients have loss of vision but deny their blindness despite objective evidence of visual loss. We report a case of a patient with multiple cardiovascular risk factors who developed recurrent bilateral occipital lobe infarct with Anton syndrome. A suspicion of this condition should be raised when the patient has denial of blindness in the presence of clinical and radiological evidence of occipital lobe injury. Management of this condition should focus on the underlying cause, in which our patient requires secondary stroke prevention and rehabilitation

Evaluation of spontaneous retinal venous pulsation in primary open-angle and primary angle-closure glaucoma patients

Introduction: Spontaneous retinal venous pulsation (SRVP) is a rhythmic variation in the calibre of one or more retinal veins. The incidence of SRVP was reduced in glaucoma patients. It was also reduced in people with raised intracranial pressure compared to a healthy population. Purpose: The main objective was to report the frequency and rate of SRVP in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) patients and to associate these with the severity of glaucoma in Malay patients. Design of study: A comparative cross-sectional study. Materials and methods: A comparative cross-sectional study involving primary glaucoma patients attending the eye clinic at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia, was performed between December 2015 and June 2017. The main outcomes measured were the presence and rate of SRVP using a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (Spectralis High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography, Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany). In the presence of SRVP, the rate of SRVP in one minute was counted manually based on the real-time fundus movie recorded using the confocal scanning laser ophthal-moscope

Severe panuveitis in neuro-Behçet’s disease in Malaysia: a case series

Behçet’s disease (BD) is a multisystemic disease that is very rare in Malaysia. About 5% of patients develop central nervous system involvement, termed neuro-Behçet’s. Neuro- Behçet’s is one of the most serious causes of long-term morbidity and mortality. We report two cases of neuro-Behçet’s associated with uveitis (ocular BD) highlighting the clinical presentation, diagnostic measurement, and therapeutic management of these cases

Kingella kingae Keratitis in a Child with Underlying Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

Kingella kingae had rarely been reported as a causative organism for corneal ulcer and had not been described before in vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). Generally regarded as commensals of respiratory tract particularly in young children, it had however been isolated fromthe corneal ulcer scraping of both adult and children.We report a case of bacterial ulcer with isolation of Kingella kingae from the corneal scraping in a young child with underlying VKC

Occlusive retinal vasculitis in an immunocompetent woman: rare presentation of ocular melioidosis

Burkholderia pseudomallei is a known great mimicker responsible for melioidosis. Melioidosis presents with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations in various organs including the eye. Ocular involvement in melioidosis is unusual, with eyelid and orbital infection as the commonest presentation. We describe a 41-year-old, healthy woman who complained of reduced vision in her left eye. On examination, vision in the left eye was 6/9. There was evidence of occlusive retinal vasculitis on fundoscopy examination. Fundus fluorescein angiogram showed extensive capillary fallout. Diagnosis was established by a rise in the serum antibody titre for the bacterium and further supported by clinical improvement of vision after completion of treatment antibiotics: third-generation cephalosporin and combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Sectoral panretinal photocoagulation at the capillary fallout area successfully arrested the sequelae of retinal ischaemia. Occlusive retinal vasculitis is a rare presentation of melioidosis. Early prompt diagnosis of ocular melioidosis in an immunocompetent individual helps prevent visual-related morbidity. The ability of this bacteria to cause recurrent infection in an endemic area should not be under-estimated

Infected Baerveldt Glaucoma Drainage Device by Aspergillus niger

Fungal endophthalmitis is rare but may complicate glaucoma drainage device surgery. Management is challenging as the symptoms and signs may be subtle at initial presentation and the visual prognosis is usually poor due to its resistant nature to treatment. At present there is lesser experience with intravitreal injection of voriconazole as compared to Amphotericin B. We present a case of successfully treated Aspergillus endophthalmitis following Baerveldt glaucoma drainage device implantation with intravitreal and topical voriconazole

Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis in a young boy: a case report

We report a case of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis in a young boy with no clinical visualization of nematode. The diagnosis was made based on clinical findings and detection of Toxocara immunoglobulin G by Western blot test. An 11-year-old Malay boy presented with progressive blurring of vision in the left eye for a duration of 1 year. It was associated with intermittent floaters. Visual acuity in the left eye was 6/45 and improved to 6/24 with pinhole. There was positive relative afferent pupillary defect, impaired color vision, and presence of red desaturation in the left eye. There were occasional cells in the anterior chamber with no conjunctiva injection. Posterior segment examination revealed mild-to-moderate vitritis and generalized pigmentary changes of the retina with attenuated vessels. The optic disk was slightly hyperemic with mild edema. There was presence of multiple, focal, gray-white subretinal lesions at the inferior part of the retina. Full blood picture results showed eosinophilia with detection of Toxocara immunoglobulin G by Western blot test. Investigations for other infective causes and connective tissue diseases were negative. The diagnosis of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis secondary to Toxocara was made based on clinical findings and laboratory results. He was treated with oral albendazole 400 mg daily for 5 days and oral prednisolone 1 mg/kg with tapering doses over 6 weeks. At 1 month follow-up, the inflammation had reduced, and multiple, focal, gray-white subretinal lesions were resolved; however there was no improvement of vision