7 research outputs found
Phase diagram of a two-dimensional system with anomalous liquid properties
Using Monte Carlo simulation techniques, we calculate the phase diagram for a
square shoulder-square well potential in two dimensions that has been
previously shown to exhibit liquid anomalies consistent with a metastable
liquid-liquid critical point. We consider the liquid, gas and five crystal
phases, and find that all the melting lines are first order, despite a small
range of metastability. One melting line exhibits a temperature maximum, as
well as a pressure maximum that implies inverse melting over a small range in
pressure.Comment: 11 pages, 13 figure
Quantitative Metrics for Assessing Positional and Orientational Order in Colloidal Crystals
Although there are numerous self-assembly techniques to prepare colloidal crystals, there is great variability in the methods used to characterize order and disorder in these materials. We assess different kinds of structural order from more than 70 two-dimensional microscopy images of colloidal crystals produced by many common methods, including spin-coating, dip-coating, convective assembly, electrophoretic assembly, and sedimentation. Our suite of analysis methods includes measures for both positional and orientational order. The benchmarks are two-dimensional lattices that we simulated with different degrees of controlled disorder. We find that translational measures are adequate for characterizing small deviations from perfect order, whereas orientational measures are more informative for polycrystalline and highly disordered crystals. Our analysis presents a unified strategy for comparing structural order among different colloidal crystals and establishes benchmarks for future studies
Simulation of a two-dimensional model for colloids in a uniaxial electric field
We perform Monte Carlo simulations of a simplified two-dimensional model for
colloidal hard spheres in an external uniaxial AC electric field.
Experimentally, the external field induces dipole moments in the colloidal
particles, which in turn form chains. We therefore approximate the system as
composed of well formed chains of dipolar hard spheres of a uniform length. The
dipolar interaction between colloidal spheres gives rise to an effective
interaction between the chains, which we treat as disks in a plane, that
includes a short range attraction and long range repulsion. Hence, the system
favors finite clustering over bulk phase separation and indeed we observe at
low temperature and density that the system does form a cluster phase. As
density increases, percolation is accompanied by a pressure anomaly. The
percolated phase, despite being composed of connected, locally crystalline
domains, does not bear the typical signatures of a hexatic phase. At very low
densities, we find no indication of a "void phase" with a cellular structure
seen recently in experiments.Comment: 10 pages, 14 figure