“MedEd” on Twitter: A Social Network Analysis

Background. In the current era, Twitter is an increasingly popular tool for the dissemination of information as a social media voice. Social media is a valid, but underutilized, education tool at medical education institutions. Social media technologies provide opportunities for the presentation of information in alternative and multiple formats to enhance engagement, content creation, and motivation for individual and collaborative learning. Objective. This study examined the type of social structure and sub-clusters do exist regarding “MedEd” on the Twitter network. Additionally, it determined the top opinion leaders in these networks and which type of topics generates users’ interest regarding “MedEd”. Methods. This study applied NodeXL to analyze the results and retrieved Twitter data on November 1, 2022 by using the keywords “MedEd”. The data were saved and interpreted in the “vertices” and “edges” on the NodeXL worksheets. Results. We found that the top opinion leader (vertex) “Cryptovitas” had the highest in- betweenness and out-degree centrality. “Innov_medicine” had the in-degree centrality for networks. “In-Degree” and “Out-Degree” are the count of Tweets an opinion leader gets and forwards messages out, correspondingly. The study found that although “Cryptovitas” had the highest in-betweenness centrality, “taylorswift13” had the maximum number of followers (91,523,045) with in-betweenness centrality of 0.0. This indicates that the vertex having maximum influence with the largest number of in-betweenness centrality has not linked with several followers. Conclusions. Using Twitter embodies a potential prospect to engage the medical education community. The content of top networks’ tweets was around the number of “MedEd” innovations with the potential to significantly improve medical education delivery and innovative technologies in healthcare services. There is no link between the number of followers and in-betweenness centrality to influence the strength of social media voice. Although clinical and social tweets were there, not much was discussed regarding the curriculum reforms, continued professional development, technical issues in MedEd, and assessments. This triggers the insistence for rapid and innovative adaptations to the new learning environments and remarkable revolutions in medical education, including the encouragement of evidence-based education. The Twitter discussions promoted a research network circulating a wide range of informative innovations and collaborations

Sustainable green nanoadsorbents for remediation of pharmaceuticals from water and wastewater: A critical review

In the last three decades, pharmaceutical research has increased tremendously to offer safe and healthy life. However, the high consumption of these harmful drugs has risen devastating impact on ecosystems. Therefore, it is worldwide paramount concern to effectively clean pharmaceuticals contaminated water streams to ensure safer environment and healthier life. Nanotechnology enables to produce new, high-technical material, such as membranes, adsorbent, nano-catalysts, functional surfaces, coverages and reagents for more effective water and wastewater cleanup processes. Nevertheless, nano-sorbent materials are regarded the most appropriate treatment technology for water and wastewater because of their facile application and a large number of adsorbents. Several conventional techniques have been operational for domestic wastewater treatment but are inefficient for pharmaceuticals removal. Alternatively, adsorption techniques have played a pivotal role in water and wastewater treatment for a long, but their rise in attraction is proportional with the continuous emergence of new micropollutants in the aquatic environment and new discoveries of sustainable and low-cost adsorbents. Recently, advancements in adsorption technique for wastewater treatment through nanoadsorbents has greatly increased due to its low production cost, sustainability, better physicochemical properties and high removal performance for pharmaceuticals. Herein, this review critically evaluates the performance of sustainable green nanoadsorbent for the remediation of pharmaceutical pollutants from water. The influential sorption parameters and interaction mechanism are also discussed. Moreover, the future prospects of nanoadsorbents for the remediation of pharmaceuticals are also presented

Microwave device jig characterization for ferromagnetic resonance induced spin Hall effect measurement in bilayer thin films

Microwave device jig for evaluating magnetic thin films consists of two symmetrical radial copper pad sections each having panel mounted RF connector. A non resonant measurement method for obtaining spin Hall voltage across magnetic thin films using ferromagnetic resonance was developed, based on electrical impedance of thin film and copper pads of the microwave device jig both in contact with each other. A geometry is introduced, which provides good impedance match characteristics and is optimised for maximum power transmission. It also gives the flexibility in measurements for any orientation of thin film with respect to applied magnetic field. In this geometry, a quantitative study of the microwave device jig has been done by measuring spin Hall voltages in the frequency range 0.1-10 GHz for bilayer thin films. The experimentally recorded voltages can be fully ascribed to SHE detection due to microwave induced FMR

Automation and evaluation of two different techniques to calibrate precision calibrators for LF voltage & current using thermal devices

Low Frequency (LF) voltage and current are important parameters in Electrical Metrology. The standards for LF voltage and current are established by assigning AC-DC transfer difference to thermal devices i.e. thermal converter (TC) or thermal transfer standard (TTS) alongwith current shunts. Automated calibration systems have been developed using Null and Budovsky's techniques for calibration of precision calibrator for LF voltage and current using thermal devices (TC/TTS) alongwith current shunts. The technique based on the Algorithm developed by Dr. Ilya Budovsky (N.M.I. Australia) has been compared with the conventional null technique. The softwares have been used to calibrate the calibrator in the entire LF voltage and current range using Holt converters and current shunts. Calibration results at 1V and 10V level in the frequency range from 10Hz to 1MHz are presented in this paper. The results show that the Budovsky's technique has reduced the complexity of AC-DC transfer measurements, measurement time and the uncertainty in measurement at some points

Coaxial microcalorimeter - National standard for microwave power up to 18 GHz at NPLI

National Physical Laboratory India (NPLI) is the premier research and development centre and the National Metrology Institute (NMI), which provides apex level calibration services to the country. The coaxial microcalorimeter is used for assigning the effective efficiency of the reference standard coaxial thermistor mount in the frequency range 10 MHz-18 GHz. Measurement technique for calibrating microwave power reference standard has been presented. The calibration results and the various factors influencing the results have been explained. All the measurements are performed using a fully automated data acquisition system, which has been developed indigenously in the laboratory. The uncertainty components in assigning the effective efficiency. using calorimeter system have been discussed. The calibration uncertainty; which is a function of frequency ranges from 0.2 per cent at 10 MHz to 0.7 per cent at 18 GH

Coaxial microcalorimeter – National standard for microwave power up to 18 GHz at NPLI

National Physical Laboratory India (NPLI) is the premier research and development centre and the National Metrology Institute (NMI), which provides apex level calibration services to the country. The coaxial microcalorimeter is used for assigning the effective efficiency of the reference standard coaxial thermistor mount in the frequency range 10 MHz- 18 GHz. Measurement technique for calibrating microwave power reference standard has been presented. The calibration results and the various factors influencing the results have been explained. All the measurements are performed using a fully automated data acquisition system, which has been developed indigenously in the laboratory. The uncertainty components in assigning the effective efficiency using calorimeter system have been discussed. The calibration uncertainty, which is a function of frequency ranges from 0.2 per cent at 10 MHz to 0.7 per cent at 18 GHz

Effective source mismatch uncertainty evaluation using resistive power splitter up to 18 GHz

CSIR-National Physical Laboratory (NPL) India is a National Metrology Institute (NMI), which disseminate traceability of the physical parameters in the country. In the field of microwave, it is one of the apex laboratories to provide traceability. In this paper, the method for precession measurement of effective source reflection coefficient using resistive power splitter and mismatch uncertainty evaluation are reported and discussed. Juroshek method is implemented in conjunction with Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) for mismatch uncertainty evaluation by measuring source reflection coefficient from measured S parameters. The measurement results and their associated uncertainty are presented and discussed from 1 MHz to 18 GHz of the resistive power splitter. The complex reflection coefficient of the effective source is determined using indigenously developed automation software. The method adopted is the most convenient way of measuring effective source reflection coefficient whose values are smaller than the manufacturer specs. The mismatch uncertainty has been improved, which is beneficial during the calibration of power sensors along with power meters

Study of the long term performance on the calibration data of the coaxial thermistor mounts up to 18 GHz

National Physical Laboratory (NPL) India is the premier research and development center and the National Metrology Institute (NMI), which provides traceability in measurements by calibration throughout the country. Radiofrequency (RF) power is one of the most important quantities in RF metrology. The calibration of the reference standard thermistor mount and the unknown thermistor mounts in the frequency range of 50 MHz to 18 GHz has been carried out using coaxial microcalorimeter and direct comparison technique respectively. The long term stability performance study carried out on the reference standard thermistor mount and the unknown thermistor mounts is reviewed in this paper. The results show that the maximum deviation in the calibration results of the reference standard thermistor mount and the three unknown thermistor mounts over the period of seventeen years is within +/- 0.4% and +/- 1.5% respectively from 50 MHz to 18 GHz

Establishment of Traceability for Strain Measuring Data Acquisition System in Terms of Voltage

This paper emphasizes on establishment of traceability for the strain measuring data acquisition system in terms of voltage. If this amplifier's output voltage is not calibrated then traceability chain breaks. To complete the traceability chain, the amplifier's output voltage has been calibrated for corresponding strain. The sensitivity is calculated using calibration results and further used to feed in data acquisition system to display the result in terms of force/strain

On the Large Amplitude Forced Vibration Analysis of Composite Sectorial Plates

The nonlinear steady state large amplitude forced vibration response of a laminated composite annular sector plate is presented. The nonlinear governing equation of motion of the laminated composite annular sector plate has been obtained using kinematics of first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and employing Hamilton’s principle. The governing equations of motion have been solved in a time domain using a modified shooting method and arc-length/pseudo-arc length continuation technique. The influence of the boundary condition, sector angle, and annularity ratio on the linear as well as nonlinear steady state forced vibration response has been investigated. The strain/stress variation across the thickness of the annular sector plate is presented to explain the reason for a decrease/increase in hardening nonlinear behaviour. The periodic variation of the non-linear steady state stress has also been obtained to throw light into the factors influencing the unequal stress half cycles and multiple cyclic stress reversals, which is detrimental to the fatigue design of laminated composite annular sectorial plates. The frequency spectra of the steady state stress reveals large even and odd higher harmonic contributions for different cases due to changes in the restoring force dynamics. The modal interaction/exchange during a cycle is demonstrated using a deformed configuration of the laminated annular sector plate