A clinic-pathological prospective study of operable carcinoma breast in our institution

INTRODUCTION: Cancer breast is the leading cause of site specific cancer related death next to cancer cervix for women aged 20-59 years. Early diagnosis and treatment will reduce the morbidity and mortality of the disease and thus it prolongs the survival of the patient .The patient clinically presented in the late stage of disease, due to the lack of knowledge and the ignorance of the patient. Now due to the routine screening mammography in women done after 50 years, it reduces the mortality 0f about 33%. By self breast examination 50-75 % of cancer can be detected easily. I made an attempt to study about operable carcinoma breast in various aspects. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: To study the various type of clinical and pathological patterns of presentation of operable carcinoma breast in Government Royapettah Hospital. To decide the institutional treatment protocol and to minimize the breast mutilation surgery. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A prospective study conducted in 50 patient, those are all admitted in Government Royapettah hospital from January 2013 to November 2013.Detailed history, clinical examination, investigation done to arrive a final diagnosis and plan treatment according to the stage. RESULTS: 50 patients of patients were studied during the study period, the average age of occurrence of operable carcinoma breast is 48.54 years. One patient having positive family history. Mostly occurring in patient with early menarche. Lump (100%) is the most commonest presentation. 98% of the studied patient having IDL as HPE report . In my study population 56 % of them in stage II disease. CONCLUSION: The incidence of operable carcinoma breast is more common among middle aged groups. The most commonest presenting compliant is lump and most commonest histopathological type is infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Multimodality modality manage is the optimum treatment adopted. Routine screening mammography and by the health awareness programme carcinoma breast, now-a days, detected at an earlier stage

Crystal structure of 8-hydroxyquinolin-ium 2-carboxy-6-nitrobenzoate mono-hydrate

The authors thank SAIF, IIT Madras for the data collection.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The antibacterial influence of nanotopographic titanium, zirconium, and aluminum nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus and porphyromonas gingivalis: An In vitro study

Background: Nanoparticle coated implants have revolutionized the field of implantology. Peri-implantitis is one of the main for implant failure. Most implant failures are due to Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Actinomyces concomitant. Aim: To evaluate and compare the antibacterial effect of titanium, zirconium, aluminum nanoparticles against S. aureus and P. gingivalis at 24, 72 hrs and 1 week intervals. Materials and Methods: According to ISO/TR 11175:1993, the samples were prepared in disc shape with 20-mm diameter and 1-mm thickness in Grade IV titanium. The samples were decontaminated by sonicating in acetone and subsequently in water three times for 15 min. A total of eighty samples were made, then coated with nanoparticles, and divided into Group-A (control), Group-B (Ti nanoparticles coating), Group-C (Zi nanoparticles coating), and Group-D (Al nanoparticles coating). The discs were sterilized under ultraviolet radiation and placed in Mueller-Hinton agar medium for S. aureus and blood agar for P. gingivalis. The colonies were counted at 24, 72 hrs and 1 week intervals. Statistical Analysis Used: The values were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey honestly significant difference test. Results: The P < 0.001 showed that statistically significant difference in colony forming unit had been found in titanium nanoparticles coated samples at 24, 72 hrs and 1 week intervals. Conclusion: TiO2 nanoparticle coated titanium discs showed significant antibacterial effect

A Smart Energy Management System for Residential Buildings Using IoT and Machine Learning

The Smart Energy Management System (SEMS) for Residential Buildings using IOT-based back propagation with ANN is a novel approach to optimize energy consumption in buildings by leveraging data from internet of things (IOT) devices. This system collects data on energy consumption, weather conditions, occupancy patterns, and sensor data from IOT devices such as motion sensors, temperature sensors, and smart appliances. The collected data is then preprocessed and used to train an artificial neural network (ANN) using back propagation algorithm. The trained model can then predict future energy demands, leading to cost savings and reduced environmental impact by optimizing energy consumption in a residential building. The proposed algorithm can be used as a foundation for building an effective SEMS using IOT-based back propagation with ANN

Comparative evaluation of effect of laser on shear bond strength of ceramic bonded with two base metal alloys: An in-vitro study

The most common clinical failure in metal ceramic restoration is at the ceramo-metal interface. For the clinical longevity, metal-ceramic prostheses must have satisfactory bond strength between metal and ceramic. Aim and Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Laser etching on shear bond strength between base metal alloys and ceramic. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 specimens were made (Base 5 mm diameter and 1 mm thickness, step with 4 mm diameter and 4 mm in length). They were divided into three groups. Group A-control, Group B-sand blasting, and Group C-laser etching. The Surface morphology, surface roughness, and wettability of the specimens were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM) Ceramic application was carried out layer by layer for an optimal height of 4 mm. The shear bond strength test was performed using a universal testing machine and the nature of the fracture was examined under SEM. Results: The mean shear bond strength values for laser etched (Group C) Nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) alloy bonded with ceramic was (49.12 ± 7.12 MPa) and ceramic bonded with Cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) was (50.04 ± 4.27 MPa), sand blasted (Group B) Ni-Cr alloy bonded with ceramic was (26.00 ± 5.22 MPa), and ceramic bonded with Co-Cr was 24.54 ± 4.78 MPa. The SEM image after debonding showed 10% of adhesive failure and 70% cohesive failure and 20% of both adhesive and cohesive failure for Laser etching. However, there was no significant difference in the values of shear bond strength between the two base metal alloys in Group C. Conclusion: The s hear bond strength between ceramic bonded with Ni-Cr alloys using the Laser etching as surface treatment was 49.12 ± 7.12 MPa and for Co-Cr alloys 50.04 ± 4.27 MPa. Laser surface treatment produces an excellent surface roughness and achieved good shear bond strength values and aid in achieving a better bond strength between metals and ceramic

Creep life estimation of 2.25Cr-lMo steel weld-joints by a parametric method

48-52<span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:="" "times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:="" minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;="" mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">Creep rupture life experiments have been carried out on a 2.25Cr-lMo welded boiler tube steel in the temperature range of 550-700°C. Based on the results, a temperature compensated time parameter has been proposed the long time creep life prediction of this material under internal steam pressure when used as a boiler tube.</span

Evaluation of neuro image for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease using deep learning neural network

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative brain disease and is an incurable ailment. No drug exists for AD, but its progression can be delayed if the disorder is identified at its initial stage. Therefore, an early analysis of AD is of fundamental importance for patient care and efficient treatment. Neuroimaging techniques aim to assist the physician in the diagnosis of brain disorders by using images. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a kind of neuroimaging technique employed to create 3D images of the brain. Due to many PET images, researchers attempted to develop computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) to differentiate normal control from AD. Most of the earlier methods used image processing techniques for preprocessing and attributes extraction and then developed a model or classifier to classify the brain images. As a result, the retrieved features had a significant impact on the recognition rate of previous techniques. A novel and enhanced CAD system based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) is formulated to address this issue, capable of discriminating normal control from Alzheimer’s disease patients. The proposed approach is evaluated using the 18FDG-PET images of 855 patients, including 635 normal control and 220 Alzheimer’s disease patients from the ADNI database. The result showed that the proposed CAD system yields an accuracy of 96%, a sensitivity of 96%, and a specificity of 94%, leading to splendid performance when related to the methods already in use that are specified in the literature

Evaluation and comparison of anti-Candida effect of heat cure polymethylmethacrylate resin enforced with silver nanoparticles and conventional heat cure resins: An in vitro study

Recent years have been dominated by research in nano science. Dentistry is no exception and there is increased research on nanoparticles in dentistry. Complete dentures increase the carriage of Candida in healthy patients, and the proliferation of C. albicans can be associated with denture-induced stomatitis. Purpose: To evaluate the anti-Candida effect of heat cure denture base resins reinforced with Ag° in the ratio of 4:1, 3:1, 2:1 (Groups B, C, and D, respectively) to the weight of denture base resins. Materials and Methods: Ag° were synthesized by chemical reduction method, incorporated into the polymer powder according to the ratio for each group, subjected to polymerization and microbial assay was calculated for the reference C. albicans strains by agar diffusion method for the incubation period of 24 h. Results: Group D showed multifold decrease in the colony-forming units. Conclusion: The antimicrobial effect of silver could be used vividly in the denture base for immunocompromised and geriatric patients

SPECTRUM OF PERFORATIVE PERITONITIS – A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY: Spectrum of Perforative peritonitis

Background and aims: Peritonitis secondary to gastro intestinal perforation is a common surgical emergency which has significant mortality and morbidity rates. The aim was to study the etiologies of perforative peritonitis, treatment modalities and treatment options. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted between January and December 2020. Patients with perforative peritonitis either clinically or radiologically were included in the study after obtaining informed consent. Etiology of perforation, surgical procedures, complications and outcome were observed and collected in preformed proforma. Data was collected in Microsoft excel and analysed. Results: Out of 94 patients, 92 underwent emergency surgery. 56.38%, (n=53/94) were in the age group of 31-60 years, 86.17%, n = 81/94 were males, 79.78%, (n=75/94) presented late to hospital, abdominal pain and tenderness were seen in all patients and pneumoperitoneum was seen in 58.51%, (n=55/94). Most common cause was peptic ulcer (46.80%, n = 20/94) and most common site of perforation was first part of duodenum (35.10%, n=33/94). 84.04%, (n=79/94) of surgeries were uneventful while surgical site infection was the common complication (40%, n=6/15). 80.85%, (n=76/94) of patients recovered uneventfully while 19.14% (n=18/94) expired. Conclusion: Peptic ulcer being the common etiology indicates improper peptic ulcer management. Early presentation to hospital and prompt resuscitation with surgical interventions can improve recovery and reduce mortality in perforative peritonitis