Prise en compte des politiques de transport dans le choix des fournisseurs

The decision of supplier selection is strategic because it impactes the total performance of the company and the purchasing cost represents 40 to 80 % of the total cost of the product. A literature review in this field shows that studies which considered, in an explicit way, the impact of transport on this decision are scarce. This represents an important limitation because splitting orders among multiple suppliers implies important transport costs. Moreover, transport and inventory are highly interrelated and generate costs incurred in the suppliers while the products wait to be shipped, costs incurred by the products in transit and those incurred in the buyer while the products wait to be used. In addition, transport has an impact on the leadtime. Finally, transport takes a great place in the current context of durable development. To study the transport policies impact on the supplier selection, we begin our research with a bibliographical analysis on the supplier selection problem, on the various freight transport characteristics and finally on transport and the buyer/supplier relations. We then propose modeling the problem by a mathematical program which minimizes the product total cost , resulting from transport, ordering, purchasing and inventory costs, under supplier, transport and buyer constraints. Several scenarios are presented for the model validation. At the end, we propose a multiobjectif approach which minimizes simultaneously the cost and the leadtime criteria.La décision du choix des fournisseurs est stratégique car elle influe sur la performance globale de l'entreprise et sur le coût d'achat qui représente de 40 à 80 % du coût total du produit. Une revue de la littérature dans ce domaine montre que rares sont les travaux qui ont considéré explicitement l'impact du transport sur cette décision. Ceci représente une limitation importante car le partage de la demande entre plusieurs fournisseurs implique des coûts de transport importants. De plus, le transport et les stocks sont fortement liés et engendrent des coûts encourus chez les fournisseurs pendant que les produits attendent d'être transportés, des coûts relatifs aux produits en transit et des coûts encourus chez le donneur d'ordres (DO) pendant que les produits attendent d'être utilisés. Par ailleurs, le transport a un impact sur les délais de livraison. Enfin, le transport prend une grande place dans le contexte actuel de développement durable. Pour étudier l'impact des politiques de transport sur le choix des fournisseurs, notre recherche commence par une analyse bibliographique sur le problème du choix des fournisseurs, sur les différentes caractéristiques du transport de fret et enfin sur le transport et les relations DO/Fournisseurs. Nous avons proposé une modélisation du problème par un programme mathématique de minimisation du coût total du produit, qui intègre les coûts de stockage, d'achat, de commande et de transport et tient compte des contraintes sur fournisseurs, le transport et le DO. Plusieurs scénarios ont été présentés pour la validation du modèle. A la fin, une approche multiobjectif qui minimise simultanément le coût total et le délai est proposée

A Decision Making Tool for Selection of LSPs

International audienceThis research note aims to propose a multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) based on ELECTRE method to solve the logistics service providers (LSPs) selection problem. In the contemporary global market, this selection represents a strategic process and a complex issue, as it involves various qualitative and quantitative criteria as well as decisions. The proposed model consists of two phases: (1) a survey of French firms was carried out so as to identify the factors that should be considered in the LSPs selection decision; (2) an application of the model, as well as its comparison with the weighted sum, were conducted. The approach uses criteria that are important for the firms that participated to the survey. The results indicate that the ELECTRE method suggests a better ranking of the LSPs than the weighted sum, initially used in the case study. The proposed MCDM model can provide the guidelines and directions for the decision makers to effectively choose LSPs in the current competitive environment. In addition, this study fills a gap in the literature on LSPs selection problem, where MCDM methods are seldom used

A nonlinear multiobjective approach for the supplier selection, integrating transportation policies

13 pagesInternational audiencePurpose - The impact of transportation on the supplier selection has received a very scant attention in the literature. This is a great limitation because splitting orders across multiple suppliers will lead to smaller transportation quantities which will likely imply larger transportation cost. Moreover, transportation and inventory elements are highly interrelated and contribute most to the total logistics costs. This paper seeks to present a nonlinear multiobjective programming approach of selecting suppliers and allocating the order quantity among them, taking into account transportation. Design/methodology/approach - The model considers the total product cost and the lead-time as the criteria to minimize simultaneously. Findings - The total cost is the sum of transportation, inventory and ordering costs. The constraints related to suppliers and buyer are also considered in the model. The model is solved several times, evaluating various scenarios. Each scenario depends on the shipment type used between the suppliers and the buyer. Originality/value - This paper fills a gap in the literature by comprehensively examining the role of transportation in determining the optimal number of suppliers and the portion of the order to allocate to each one

Sélection et évaluation des fournisseurs : Critères et méthodes

21 pagesNational audienceCet article présente une analyse très large de la littérature sur le problème de la sélection et de l'évaluation des fournisseurs. Nous présentons d'abord les divers critères de sélection, les différentes méthodes d'évaluation de la performance des fournisseurs ainsi qu'une comparaison de ces méthodes en termes d'avantages et d'inconvénients. Ensuite, les différentes stratégies d'approvisionnements (mono-sourcing ou multiple-sourcing) utilisées par les entreprises seront examinées, suivies à la fin par une étude de l'impact de ces stratégies sur la gestion des stock

A Decision Making Tool for Selection of LSPs

International audienceThis research note aims to propose a multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) based on ELECTRE method to solve the logistics service providers (LSPs) selection problem. In the contemporary global market, this selection represents a strategic process and a complex issue, as it involves various qualitative and quantitative criteria as well as decisions. The proposed model consists of two phases: (1) a survey of French firms was carried out so as to identify the factors that should be considered in the LSPs selection decision; (2) an application of the model, as well as its comparison with the weighted sum, were conducted. The approach uses criteria that are important for the firms that participated to the survey. The results indicate that the ELECTRE method suggests a better ranking of the LSPs than the weighted sum, initially used in the case study. The proposed MCDM model can provide the guidelines and directions for the decision makers to effectively choose LSPs in the current competitive environment. In addition, this study fills a gap in the literature on LSPs selection problem, where MCDM methods are seldom used

A multiobjective approach to vendor selection taking into account transportation

International audienceThe analysis of the most researches related to the supplier selection shows that very little attention is given to transportation although its cost may be significant important to this selection. In this paper, we present a multiobjective approach of selecting suppliers and allocating the order quantity among them, taking into account transportation. The objectives to minimize in the model are the total cost and the lead-time. The total cost is the sum of transportation, inventory and ordering costs. The constraints related to suppliers, buyer and transportation are also considered in the model. The model is implemented in Matlab, software specialized in optimization. An evaluation of the model is presented under various scenarios

Effects of direct and intermodal transport on supplier selection: a multiobjective approach

10 pagesInternational audienceThe impact of transportation on the supplier selection has received a very scant attention in the literature. It induces a great limitation because splitting orders across multiple suppliers will lead to smaller transportation quantities which will likely imply larger transportation cost. Moreover, transportation and inventory elements are highly interrelated and contribute most to the total logistics costs. In this paper, we present a nonlinear multiobjective programming approach of selecting suppliers and allocating the order quantity among them, taking transportation into account. . In our study, we consider the case where the product brought from selected suppliers can be shipped directly or via consolidation terminals to the buyer. Shipping via a terminal can incur an inventory holding cost. The model considers the total production cost and the lead-time as the criteria to minimize concurrently subject to suppliers and buyer constraints. The total cost is the sum of transportation, inventory and ordering costs. An evaluation of the model is presented under various scenarios

Dimensionnement d'entrepôts d'une chaîne logistique durable pilotée par la politique Echelon Base Stock

National audienceNous considérons une chaîne logistique durable avec prise en compte explicite des délais de transfert entre les différents éléments de la chaîne. Le flux des matières dans le système est représenté par un modèle à flux continus et la politique de pilotage est une politique Echelon Base Stock. L'objectif de ce travail est de dimensionner les stocks des entrepôts en minimisant le coût total moyen, composé des coûts économiques (stockage, transport), auxquels sont ajoutés des aspects sociaux/sociétaux et environnementaux. La méthode Infinitesimal Perturbation Analysis (IPA) est utilisée pour résoudre ce problème sur la base d'une étude analytique des trajectoires et de l'estimation du gradient de la fonction de coût. Cet estimateur est prouvé comme étant non biaisé et ainsi utilisé dans un algorithme d'optimisation

Multicriteria Decision Aid Tool for Third-Party Logistics Providers' Selection

5 pagesInternational audienceThe outsourcing of logistics activities has become a common practice by many companies, which implies an efficient choice of the Third-Party Logistics (3PLs) providers. A literature review on the 3PLs provider's selection problem shows that this selection is a very complex process which depends on several factors, which are often in conflict with one another, such as price, quality, service, location, technology, etc. This paper proposes a software tool using ELECTRE method for selecting the 3PLs providers. This tool incorporates various selection criteria and allows the user to introduce other criteria according to his needs. The application of our tool is demonstrated through an illustrative example