239 research outputs found
Melanosis intestini: case report
The term melanosis in the gastrointestinal tract refers to the accumulation of pigment deposits in the mucosa. Melanosis of the colon is not uncommon and has been associated with certain conditions, however melanosis of the small intestine is extremely rare. Herein, we describe a case in which we observed melanosis not only in the colon, but in the terminal ileum as well, associated with the use of anthraceneline laxatives. The clinical significance of this condition is not clear, however Gastroenterologists and Pathologists should be aware of its existence
E-cadherin adhesion molecule and syndecan-1 expression in various thyroid pathologies
Cadherins and syndecans are transmembrane glycoproteins implicated in cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion. Impairment of cadherin and syndecan mediated adhesion is likely to constitute one of the main factors leading to the reduced cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion characteristics of tumor cells and play a pivotal role in the acquisition of invasive and metastatic proprieties by neoplastic epithelial cells. Aim: To elucidate the role and alterations of syndecan-1 expression in comparison with those of E-cadherin in normal and pathological thyroid glands (TG). Methods: A total of 55 TG carcinomas, 40 TG adenomas, 40 cases of hyperplastic TG disorders and 20 cases of normal TG autopsy samples, were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The staining intensity, and localization of syndecan-1 and E-cadherin in sequential sections were examined, and semi-quantified. Results: Immunostaining of syndecan-1 and E-cadherin was strong in normal follicular TG epithelial cells, and located mainly in basolateral membrane. No significant change was seen in either molecule in hyperplastic TG disorders compared with TG adenomas. A significant reduction in expression of both syndecan-1 and E-cadherin was seen in well-differentiated TG carcinomas as compared with normal TG epithelium (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.032, respectively). Similarly, there was a significant reduction of both molecules expression in poorly differentiated and anaplastic TG carcinomas compared to well differentiated tumors (syndecan-1: p = 0.0037; and E-cadherin: p = 0.075). Conclusion: Decreased E-cadherin and syndecan-1 expression along with decreasing cellular differentiation may be involved in the complex mechanism of progression of TG pathology.ΠΠ°Π΄Π³Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ β ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π΄Π³Π΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π³Π΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ
ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΡ. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ» ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°-1
ΠΈ Π-ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π³Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ Π² Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π·ΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ 55 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ (Π©Π), 40 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² β Ρ Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π©Π, 40 β Ρ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π©Π, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 20 ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π©Π (Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡ). Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ:
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°-1 ΠΈ Π-ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π³Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π©Π Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ,
Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π² Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π΅. ΠΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ
ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ» ΠΏΡΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π©Π. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π°
Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Ρ
Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π©Π (p = 0,0001 ΠΈ p = 0,032
ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ), Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π©Π (p = 0,0037 Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°-1 ΠΈ p = 0,075 Π΄Π»Ρ Π-ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π³Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°). ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°-1 ΠΈ Π-ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π³Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°, ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π©Π
Proximal screws placement in intertrochanteric fractures treated with external fixation: comparison of two different techniques
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To compare two different techniques of proximal pin placement for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients utilizing the Orthofix Pertrochanteric Fixator.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Seventy elderly high-risk patients with an average age of 81 years were treated surgically for intertrochanteric fracture, resulting from a low energy trauma. Patients were randomly divided in two groups regarding to the proximal pin placement technique. In Group A the proximal pins were inserted in a convergent way, while in Group B were inserted in parallel.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>All fractures healed uneventfully after a mean time of 98 days. The fixator was well accepted and no patient had significant difficulties while sitting or lying. The mean VAS score was 5.4 in group A and 5.7 in group B. At 12 months after surgery, in group A the average Harris Hip Score and the Palmer and Parker mobility score was 67 and 5.8, respectively. In group B, the average Harris Hip Score and the Palmer and Parker mobility score was 62 and 5.6, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found regarding the functional outcome. The mean radiographic exposure during pin insertion in Group A and Group B was 15 and 6 seconds, respectively. The difference between the two groups, regarding the radiographic exposure, was found to be significant.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Proximal screw placement in a parallel way is simple, with significant less radiation exposure and shorter intraoperative duration. In addition, fixation stability is equal compared to convergent pin placement.</p
Multifocal invasive ductal breast cancer with osteoclast-like giant cells: a case report
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of a multifocal (trifocal) invasive carcinoma of the breast containing osteoclast-like giant cells.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 64-year-old Caucasian woman presented for routine mammography screening with three radiodense lesions in the lower inner quadrant of the right breast, a primary breast cancer. Microscopic examination showed three foci of invasive ductal carcinoma with multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells. Osteoclast-like giant cells in breast cancer are a rare phenomenon. They are described in less than two percent of all breast cancers and occur in association with invasive ductal cancer and invasive lobular cancer. In addition, osteoclast-like giant cells have been described in several sarcomas and metaplastic carcinomas of the breast.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a multifocal infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast containing osteoclast-like giant cells. This could be an indication for a possible early event in carcinogenesis associated with a biological event or secretion that indicates the differentiation and/or migration of stromal cells or macrophages.</p
The Multifactorial Role of Peripheral Nervous System in Bone Growth
Bone alters its metabolic and anabolic activities in response to the variety of systemic and local factors such as hormones and growth factors. Classical observations describing abundance of the nerve fibers in bone also predict a paradigm that the nervous system influences bone metabolism and anabolism. Since 1916 several investigators tried to analyze the effect of peripheral nervous system in bone growth and most of them advocated for the positive effect of innervation in the bones of growing organisms. Moreover, neuronal tissue controls bone formation and remodeling. The purpose of this mini-review is to present the most recent data concerning the influence of innervation on bone growth, the current understanding of the skeletal innervation and their proposed physiological effects on bone metabolism as well as the implication of denervation in human skeletal biology in the developing organism since the peripheral neural trauma as well as peripheral neuropathies are common and they have impact on the growing skeleton
More Controversy than Ever β Challenges and Promises Towards Personalized Treatment of Gastric Cancer
Rare mutations predisposing to familial adenomatous polyposis in Greek FAP patients
BACKGROUND: Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) is caused by germline mutations in the APC (Adenomatous Polyposis Coli) gene. The vast majority of APC mutations are point mutations or small insertions / deletions which lead to truncated protein products. Splicing mutations or gross genomic rearrangements are less common inactivating events of the APC gene. METHODS: In the current study genomic DNA or RNA from ten unrelated FAP suspected patients was examined for germline mutations in the APC gene. Family history and phenotype were used in order to select the patients. Methods used for testing were dHPLC (denaturing High Performance Liquid Chromatography), sequencing, MLPA (Multiplex Ligation β dependent Probe Amplification), Karyotyping, FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) and RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription β Polymerase Chain Reaction). RESULTS: A 250 Kbp deletion in the APC gene starting from intron 5 and extending beyond exon 15 was identified in one patient. A substitution of the +5 conserved nucleotide at the splice donor site of intron 9 in the APC gene was shown to produce frameshift and inefficient exon skipping in a second patient. Four frameshift mutations (1577insT, 1973delAG, 3180delAAAA, 3212delA) and a nonsense mutation (C1690T) were identified in the rest of the patients. CONCLUSION: Screening for APC mutations in FAP patients should include testing for splicing defects and gross genomic alterations
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