Impact of refusal to vaccine in the neonatal period on the implementation of the vaccination calendar in the first year of life

Introduction The level of vaccination coverage with obligatory preparations in Poland reaches 98%. This is facilitated by the introduction of the Individual Vaccination Calendar (IVC) compliant with medical contraindications to vaccination. Aim The aim of the study was to assess whether the refusal of vaccinations after birth has an impact on the proper implementation of the vaccination calendar in the first year of life. Methods The study involved healthy, term newborns who were born in the Department of Neonatology in 2011–2015. There were 156 patients enrolled to the study. Among them, 133 were in the control group – vaccinated after birth, and 23 constituted the study group – not vaccinated after birth. Results Not all healthy newborns are vaccinated after birth, statistical significance was obtained between the study and control group (p < 0,00001). Only 48% of patients not vaccinated after birth received TB-vaccine during the first year (p < 0,00053). Parents of 26% of infants in the study and of 2% of infants in the control group declared using the IVC (p < 0,001). Conclusions Proper implementation of the vaccination schedule in the first year of life results from the initiation of vaccinations after birth. Unreasonable introduction of the IVC promotes incorrect timing of mandatory vaccinations

Blood-Stained Colostrum: A Rare Phenomenon at an Early Lactation Stage

The phenomenon described in the literature as rusty pipe syndrome is a rare condition (the estimated incidence is 0.1% in the population of breastfeeding women) where the prenatal milk and the colostrum are rust- or blood-colored. Due to the rare occurrence of this phenomenon and the related nature of the baby&rsquo;s regurgitated discharge&mdash;green, brown or blood-stained, there is a general fear of latching a newborn or continuing to breastfeed if the regurgitation persists. In this care report, a patient&rsquo;s milk was tested to determine its microbiological and morphological content. No significant abnormalities were noted in these tests. The nutritional profile of the blood-stained colostrum was normal. Breast milk has an indisputably invaluable impact on the newborn&rsquo;s further development and there is no connection between rusty pipe syndrome, as described in the literature, and any clinical complications. This is crucial to encourage mothers to keep breastfeeding even if they observe blood-stained colostrum