Energy aware routing scheme for mobile ad hoc network using variable range transmission

This paper discusses a new energy aware routing scheme which uses variable transmission range. The protocol has been incorporated along with the route discovery procedure of AODV as a case study. Both the protocols are simulated using Network Simulator and comparisons are made to analyze their performance based on energy consumption, network lifetime and number of alive nodes metrics for different network scenarios. The results show that EAR makes effective node energy utilization.Comment: 11 page

Structure Properties correlation in copolymers of Methyl Methacrylate and Alkyl Methacrylates

The result of a study on the copolymerisation of methacrylate (MMA) with varying mol fractions of octyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate (DMA), lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and stearyl methacrylate (SMA) by free radical polymerisation using benzoyl peroxide as the initiator are presented. It was anticipated that incorporation of alkyl methacrylate (AMA) having a long alkyl side chain in poly(methyl methadrylate) (PMMA) backbone may lead to an improvement in the toughness of the cast sheets. Such copolymers can be used for low temperature applications in defence. The glass transition temperature of the polymers determined using differential scanning calorimetry was found to decrease with increase in length of the alkyl side chain and the comonomer content. A significant increase in percentage elongation and decrease in tensile strength, modulus and per cent transmittance was observed on incorporation of AMA in PMMA backbone. In the copolymers of SMA and MMA, significant opacity was observed

A histopathological study of hysterectomy specimens and their clinical correlation in patients at tertiary health care setup in Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh

Background: Women in their life time are prone to develop several neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions in her uterus and cervix basically due to hormone responsiveness of female genital tract system. The aim of the study was to evaluate all hysterectomy specimens and to study the pattern of pathological changes of different lesions occurring in cervix and uterus associated with different age groups. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional, study was conducted on patients undergoing hysterectomy in department of obstetrics and gynecology in MLB Medical College Jhansi and hysterectomized specimens reported to department of pathology for further evaluation. Total 35 hysterectomy specimens were included in the study with age of patients varying from 30 years to 60 years. Detailed clinical and other relevant history were taken followed by thorough gross examination and histopathological evaluation. Results: Majority of hysterectomy specimens were sent for histopathological examination in the department of pathology, out of these 30 (85%) were total abdominal hysterectomy specimen, 5 (14.28%) were of vaginal hysterectomy specimens. Out of all these cases, in 7 (20%) cases bilateral or unilateral salpingopherectomy done. Conclusions: In our study, most common surgical procedure for hysterectomy was abdominal hysterectomy 30 (85.7%) followed vaginal hysterectomy 5 (14.28%) All the vaginal hysterectomy was done for second- and third-degree utero-vaginal prolapse. Most prevalent endometrial histopathological finding in our study is non-secretive 15 (42.8%), secretive 7 (20%) followed by atrophic 6 (17.1%) as most of the patients in our study presents with abnormal uterine bleeding and menorrhagia 23 (65.7%)

Rural women's organisation, training and work in the context of poverty and catastrophe : a case study of Dhakuly village in Bangladesh

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DX194556 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Synthetic and Biocidal Studies of Zn-Hydrazone Complexes

A series of hydrazone derivatives were synthesized through multi-step reactions. The 2-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-7-yloxy)acetohydrazide was prepared from 7-hydroxy-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one as starting material. Then the condensation of 2-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-7-yloxy)acetohydrazide with different o-hydroxyaldehyde derivatives yielded into hydrazone derivatives . These hydrazone ligands were complexed with Zn (II) yielded complexes . The molecular structures of the hydrazones and Zn (II) complexes were characterized by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR, LCMS, XRD, DSC-TGA, UV–Visible, Fluorescence and elemental analysis. The conductivity experiments showed that all the complexes are non-electrolytes. This is the first comprehensive review of the biological activity of hydrazone-transition metal complexes. Hydrazone complexes gained much attention because of their antifugial, antibacterial anticonvulsant, and analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antimicrobial, antituberculosis, anticancer, and antiviral activities. Additionally, some of the hydrazone complexes were used in treatment of iron overload diseases. One application, which reflects the importance of hydrazone complexes, is their use in detection and determination of metals and some organic constituents in pharmaceutical formulations.The Zn-hydrazone complexes also have biocidal properties

Method on Anaerobic Biogas Generation From Cow Dung and Water Hyacinth With Reference to Quality of Gas and it’s Effect on Public Surroundings

Under the right conditions, liquid manure will break down into biogas and a low-odor effluent. Biogas can be burned to produce heat, electricity, or both the anaerobically-digested manure, can be stored and applied to fields with significantly less odor than stored, untreated liquid manure. Anaerobic digestion does not reduce the volume or nutrient value of manure. If dilution water is added to the system, the volume of material to handle is increased.The following test can help you determine if anaerobic digestion is a viable option for your farm. If most of the following statements describe your farm, anaerobic digestion may be compatible with your operation.Manure is currently handled as a liquid. Very little bedding or frozen manure is handled and the manure in the handling system is free from high levels of copper sulfate and antibiotics.Odor control is a major concern.There is space on the farm to expand the manure handling system with the possibility for gravity flow from a barn to an anaerobic digester or from a digester to a manure storage.Someone on the farm has the interest, time, and technical skills to learn about the anaerobic digestion process, make repairs, and perform general maintenance on equipment.Resources are available to finance an anaerobic digestion system.Adhering to recommended safety practices is standard procedure on the farm