HT-Paxos: High Throughput State-Machine Replication Protocol for Large Clustered Data Centers

Paxos is a prominent theory of state machine replication. Recent data intensive Systems those implement state machine replication generally require high throughput. Earlier versions of Paxos as few of them are classical Paxos, fast Paxos and generalized Paxos have a major focus on fault tolerance and latency but lacking in terms of throughput and scalability. A major reason for this is the heavyweight leader. Through offloading the leader, we can further increase throughput of the system. Ring Paxos, Multi Ring Paxos and S-Paxos are few prominent attempts in this direction for clustered data centers. In this paper, we are proposing HT-Paxos, a variant of Paxos that one is the best suitable for any large clustered data center. HT-Paxos further offloads the leader very significantly and hence increases the throughput and scalability of the system. While at the same time, among high throughput state-machine replication protocols, HT-Paxos provides reasonably low latency and response time

Directions of Production Planning & Production Control System: Mathematical Evolution from the Flexibility Point of View

Production Planning and Production Control systems are some of the keys that determine the development of modern production systems. The article presents the importance of a flexibility factor in the process of manufacturing, planning, and control systems development during the 20th century. Finally, actual problems and trends in the production system design and control over the design were perceived in addition to possible feasible directions of the development of manufacturing systems, probably in the 21st century were specified. Production planning and production control are usually painstaking to be one of the most noteworthy issues in the planning and operation of a manufacturing structure. A better planning system has a significant bang on cost reduction, increased productivity, customer satisfaction, and overall spirited improvement for a product. Also, the current customer demand for prominent diversity products has put into an increase in product complications that further lay emphasis on necessitates for superior planning. Proficient planning leads to the amplification in capability exploitation competence and, therefore, thereby reducing the operational time required to intact jobs and accordingly escalating the profitability of an organization in the current spirited environment. There are different systems of manufacturing, planning, and control for a job-shop together with flow-shop in which the jobs are to be a progression through a series of machines for an optimizing number of required performance measure

Effect of Admixture on the Compressive Strength of Composite Cement Mortar

The effect of superplasticizer on the development of composite cement based on flyash/limestone powder as per EN-197-2000 has been studied. Various mixes of fly ash and limestone up to 40% has been blended. The results have been compared with clinker of 43 grade ordinary portland cement used in the present study. 1 day strength of mixes with 5% and 10% limestone powder has been found to be is comparable to control. Further, it has been found that 28 days strength of mix with 15% lime stone powder and 25% fly ash gives more than 32.5 R required for composite cement. With the use of superplasticizer, strength has been found comparable or more in all the mixes at 1day to 43 grade OPC. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of various mixes at different hydration times has also been evaluated.

Effect of waste synthetic bag pieces on the CBR value of expansive Soil

Expansive soils such as black cotton soil which are widely distributed in India have a tendency for volume changes due to change in moisture content. Also exhibits very low bearing capacity and high compressibility. Stabilization of such soil by admixture is used commonly now days. But no mix is suitable to improve all the types of soil. But it is obvious that depending on type of soil type of admixture the optimum mix can be designed.  In this paper a mix has been designed to improve the bearing capacity of soil by using fly ash and lime mixture, reinforced with waste synthetic bag pieces. Various tests are carried out to determine the CBR value and other soil properties with and without using any admixture and reinforcement. The maximum value of CBR was found to be23.82% for 2.5 mm penetration and 22.21% for 5 mm penetration, when waste synthetic bag pieces of size 2 cm * 2 cm were used at a proportion of 0.1%

A Novel Approach for Speech to Text Recognition System Using Hidden Markov Model

Speech recognition is the application of sophisticated algorithms which involve the transforming of the human voice to text. Speech identification is essential as it utilizes by several biometric identification systems and voice-controlled automation systems. Variations in recording equipment, speakers, situations, and environments make speech recognition a tough undertaking. Three major phases comprise speech recognition: speech pre-processing, feature extraction, and speech categorization. This work presents a comprehensive study with the objectives of comprehending, analyzing, and enhancing these models and approaches, such as Hidden Markov Models and Artificial Neural Networks, employed in the voice recognition system for feature extraction and classification

Novel Solid Base Catalyst Derived from Drinking Water Defluoridation for Biodiesel Synthesis

In this study, a novel heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized from drinking water treatment sludge obtained during defluoridation in biodiesel production by transesterification. More specifically, the sludge was converted into an effective catalyst by calcination at 950 ºC for 3 h. The catalyst was characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis, Scanning electron microscopy, Hammett titration method, and ion exchange method. The catalyst had a basicity of 12.57 mmol/g and a basic strength of 9.8 < H <17.2. It showed good catalytic activity in biodiesel synthesis. The maximum biodiesel yield obtained was 89% for the following reaction conditions: catalyst loading of 4 wt%, a reaction temperature of 65 ºC, the methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 12:1, and reaction time of 3 h. Thus, it was found that harmful waste can be used as an effective solid base heterogeneous catalyst

Strategies for economical construction of rural roads

Poor construction and maintenance of rural roads is key component of poverty in rural areas. Rural road network constitutes the highest road network percentage of total road network in India, hence required a great care and huge investment while construction and maintenance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to construct and maintain the rural roads in an optimal manner.This existing huge rural road network is highlighting the need to take some effective measures for controlling and maintaining the deterioration of the rural road network. However, there are various issues like choice of appropriate type of pavement, economical construction of pavements depending upon traffic and sub grade soil requirements, quality assurance during construction and timely and effective maintenance during operation period of road etc. should be taken under consideration. There is a need to develop some innovative strategies for reducing cost of construction of rural roads. These strategies will be useful for achieving the best values possible for the available resources in providing and operating smooth safe and economical pavements for rural roads in India. However, there are various issues like choice of appropriate type of pavement, economical construction of pavements depending upon traffic and sub grade soil requirements, quality assurance during construction and timely and effective maintenance during operation period of roads etc. Various factors are there that affects the construction cost like subgrade characteristics, drainage characteristics, material characteristics etc. All these factors are dependent upon availability of fund. Non-availably of the required standardized material for construction is the mostly seen in many states. Therefore, transportation of standardized material causes high increment in construction cost. To achieve economy, use of locally available materials will be more emphasized and strategies will be suggested to utilize locally available material more efficiently for construction of pavements. Thus, it is expected that such a study will be very useful to reduce the cost of construction, and thus well leads to economy in providing huge rural road infrastructure in the country. Keywords:Reducing cost of construction, Rural roads, Economical, Strategie