90 research outputs found
Comparison of Workforce Diversity in Public and Private Business Organizations
Potential of human resource has always been considered as at the heart of a business organization. An effective human resource can not only ignite the organizational excellence but it also is a cornerstone for the consistency of optimal level of business performance. This research paper aims at one of the most discussed areas in the literature related to human resource management called “Workforce diversity”. Right from the start of modern business practices public and private business organizations came into existence and so the difference in human resource focus of both of these types of business organizations. Focus of this study is to explore the difference among employees of both types of above mentioned business organizations keeping in view the level of workforce diversity in their respective organizations. Study is unique because it addresses the research gap found after extensive literature review. The said research gap is that no such study has been done before in literature keeping in view Pakistani business environment. Target population comprising of banking sector, health and medical services sector was studied and brought under light by taking a sample of 150 employees. In order to analyze the acquired data statistical tools like independent t test and frequency test were also applied for better results and findings. Findings of the study states that there exists huge difference among employees working in public and private sector organizations due to conception and application of workforce diversity in both of these business organization types. It was also found that middle and operational levels of workforce are more diverse in comparison with top levels of workforce. Workforce diversity is properly planned in most of the private organizations while public sector organizations are still lagging behind. Due to significantly highlighted importance of organizational performance in public sector organizations; public sector is now improving application of workforce diversity in its practices. Keywords: Workforce Diversity, Public & Private Sector, Culture, Organizational Performance
Consumer Purchase Intension of Foreign Brands Available in Pakistan: A Moderating Effect of Television Advertisement
Purpose – This paper examines the purchase intensions of consumers who are using foreign electronics brands in their homes, Offices & Industries. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents a quantitative approach based upon “survey” technique. For the detailed analysis of our gathered data we used SPSS. Findings– Consumer purchase intention is influenced by perceived fashion ability, trust on brand and advertisement. Research Limitations –Targeting all Pakistani population for obtaining information was impossible for us; so we used “Convenience Sampling”. We targeted population of Rawalpindi & Islamabad in order to conduct our research. Practical Implications– According to our point of view this research will help the foreign companies in order to find out the effects of TV Ads on the purchase intentions of the prospective customers of their brands. Originality/Value –The paper carefully identifies the relationship among country of origin, customer loyalty & customer life time value with moderating effect of television advertisement. Keywords –Purchase Intension, Foreign Brands, TV Advertisement, Country of Origin, Customer Loyalty, Customer Life Time Valu
Agency cost, corporate governance and ownership structure: the case of Pakistan
The article attempts to investigate the role of ownership structure and corporate governance in mitigating agency cost in a sample of 50 firms selected on the basis of market capitalization from “Karachi Stock Exchange” during the period 2003 to 2006. We used the proxy asset utilisation ratio to measure agency cost. Multivariate fixed effect regression is used to analyze the data. The explanatory variables include director ownership, institutional ownership, external ownership, board size, CEO/Chair duality, remuneration structure and board independence. The results show that higher director and institutional ownership reduces the level of agency cost. Smaller sized boards also results in lowering agency cost. Board independence has positive association with asset utilisation ratio. The separation of the post of CEO and chairperson and higher remuneration lower agency cost
Impact of Financial Crisis 2008 on Financial Institutions
Insurance sector is mainly affected by financial crisis due to failure of other sectors such as banks where insurance companies has put their guarantee on different securities and its investments in other sectors faced huge losses. AIG suffered from a liquidity crisis when its credit ratings were downgraded below "AA" levels in September 2008. AIG affected due collateral demand of 50 billion outstanding. In 2010-11 the performance of companies is good to some extent and debt to equity ratio of above all companies is decreased and unrealized losses are now recovered. Keywords: Financial Crisis, Debt-to-Equity, Federal Reserve Bank, Insurance Sector
Impact of Financial Crisis 2008 on Financial Institutions
Insurance sector is mainly affected by financial crisis due to failure of other sectors such as banks where insurance companies has put their guarantee on different securities and its investments in other sectors faced huge losses. AIG suffered from a liquidity crisis when its credit ratings were downgraded below "AA" levels in September 2008. AIG affected due collateral demand of 50 billion outstanding. In 2010-11 the performance of companies is good to some extent and debt to equity ratio of above all companies is decreased and unrealized losses are now recovered. Keywords: Financial Crisis, Debt-to-Equity, Federal Reserve Bank, Insurance Sector
Consumer Purchase Intension of Foreign Brands Available in Pakistan: A Moderating Effect of Television Advertisement
Purpose – This paper examines the purchase intensions of consumers who are using foreign electronics brands in their homes, Offices & Industries. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents a quantitative approach based upon “survey” technique. For the detailed analysis of our gathered data we used SPSS. Findings– Consumer purchase intention is influenced by perceived fashion ability, trust on brand and advertisement. Research Limitations –Targeting all Pakistani population for obtaining information was impossible for us; so we used “Convenience Sampling”. We targeted population of Rawalpindi & Islamabad in order to conduct our research. Practical Implications– According to our point of view this research will help the foreign companies in order to find out the effects of TV Ads on the purchase intentions of the prospective customers of their brands. Originality/Value –The paper carefully identifies the relationship among country of origin, customer loyalty & customer life time value with moderating effect of television advertisement. Keywords –Purchase Intension, Foreign Brands, TV Advertisement, Country of Origin, Customer Loyalty, Customer Life Time Valu
Use of Gastrocnemius Muscle and Musculocutaneous Flaps for Coverage of Soft Tissue Defects in Leg
Objective: To share our experience of proximally based gastrocnemius flap use, recipient-site variables, donor-site management, complications, and outcomes. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Pak Italian Modern Burn Center Nishtar Hospital Multan from January 2009 to December 2014. The records of 139 patients were retrieved from the departmental medical record system and the required information regarding the demographic, diagnostic, and clinical data (like patients' particulars---age and sex, history of occupation, any previous surgery , causes of the defects , the extent and dimensions of the defects, time since injury, exposure of bone or tendons, presence of chronic osteomyelitis, , any co-morbid conditions, postoperative course regarding wound-healing difficulties, flap loss, postoperative palsy of the peroneal nerve after elevation of lateral gastrocnemius and walking limitations) were noted. Pre and post-operative photographs and radiographs were also evaluated along with follow up of at least 6 weeks. Results: Out of 139 our 134 flaps survived with only 1 flap having partial necrosis and 4 flaps with marginal necrosis. The complication rate is low Conclusion: GC is a robust flap and is number one choice in proximal tibial defects as even in extensive trauma this flap can be elevated and used safely. 
Effect of Human Resource Planning on Organizational Performance of Telecom Sector
Human resource planning is one of the growing areas of academic research. Organizations regard its human resource as their core competency because it would lead towards better organizational performance. This research focuses on effect of human resource planning on the organizational performance. Objective of this research is to determine key determinants of formal human resource planning that contributes towards performance in the telecom sector. The data collected from top managers, middle level managers and the first line HR managers of 50 offices including head offices and regional offices of 160 questionnaires including some interview and open ended questions based on the measures of performance and Human Resource Planning. The results from the factor analysis on HRP measures selection, training, and incentives and the organizational performance measures which are job satisfaction, efficiency, employee motivation and technology constitutes significant and a positive relationship with other. As modern HR practices are implemented in telecom sector and companies would spend more on Human Resources, it would lead towards High performance achievement. Keywords – Human Resource Planning, Telecom Sector, Organizational Performance, Selection, Training and Incentives Paper Type– Research Pape
Catalogues of Efficient Minimal Weakly Balanced RMDs in Circular Periods of Three Different Sizes
In this article, efficient minimal circular weakly balanced RMDs are constructed for the situations where these designs cannot be constructed through generators. Catalogues of these efficient designs are compiled in periods of three different sizes. In the proposed designs, v/2 ordered pairs of distinct treatments do not appear as their preceded value while the remaining ones appear once, where v is number of treatments to be compared
Research Article Software Component Selection Based on Quality Criteria Using the Analytic Network Process
Component based software development (CBSD) endeavors to deliver cost-effective and quality software systems through the selection and integration of commercially available software components. CBSD emphasizes the design and development of software systems using preexisting components. Software component reusability is an indispensable part of component based software development life cycle (CBSDLC),which consumes a significant amount of organization’s resources, that is, time and effort.
It is convenient in component based software system (CBSS) to select the most suitable and appropriate software components that provide all the required functionalities. Selecting the most appropriate components is crucial for the success of the entire system. However, decisions regarding software component reusability are often made in an ad hoc manner, which ultimately results in schedule delay and lowers the entire quality system. In this paper, we have discussed the analytic network process (ANP) method for software component selection. The methodology is explained and assessed using a real life case study
- …