Tridiagonal Iterative Method for Linear Systems

In this study, we propose a tridiagonal iterative method to solve linear systems based on dominant tridiagonal entries. For solving a tridiagonal system, we incorporated the proposed method with Thomas algorithm in each step of the method. Moreover, this paper presents a comprehensive theoretical analysis, wherein we choose two well-known methods for comparison i.e., the Gauss-Seidel and Jacobi. The numerical experiment shows that our proposed iterative method is a feasible and effective method than the studied methods

Integrated GIS-Based Site Selection of Hillside Development for Future Growth of Urban Areas

Urbanization is a challenging issue for developing countries, like Malaysia. Penang Island is one of the states of Malaysia selected as a study area where limited flat land exists. As a result, this would create urban environmental problems, such as unstable slopes and landslides due to uneven topography. The purpose of this study was to develop land suitability model for hillside development. Hence, this research aims land suitability analysis modelling for hillside development by using integrated GIS (Geographic Information System) based MCDM (Multi-Criteria Decision Making approach. The hill land portion of Penang Island was selected for hillside site development using GIS and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) as a MCDM method for sustainable hillside development. This study found that 15% of land was highly suitable, 27% moderately suitable, 41% less suitable, and 17% not suitable. Therefore, this research can be consistently used by the concerned authorities for sustainable hillside urban planning and development. This approach can be used as a policy tool in decision making of urban planning and development

Study on LBS for Characterization and Analysis of Big Data Benchmarks

In the past few years, most organizations are gradually diverting their applications and services to Cloud. This is because Cloud paradigm enables (a) on-demand accessed and (b) large data processing for their applications and users on Internet anywhere in the world. The rapid growth of urbanization in developed and developing countries leads a new emerging concept called Urban Computing, one of the application domains that is rapidly deployed to the Cloud. More precisely, in the concept of Urban Computing, sensors, vehicles, devices, buildings, and roads are used as a component to probe city dynamics. Their data representation is widely available including GPS traces of vehicles. However, their applications are more towards data processing and storage hungry, which is due to their data increment in large volume starts from few dozen of TB (Tera Bytes) to thousands of PT (Peta Bytes) (i.e. Big Data). To increase the development and the assessment of the applications such as LBS (Location Based Services), a benchmark of Big Data is urgently needed. This research is a novel research on LBS to characterize and analyze the Big Data benchmarks. We focused on map-matching, which is being used as pre-processing step in many LBS applications. In this preliminary work, this paper also describes current status of Big Data benchmarks and our future directio

Use of the Analytic Hierarchy Process Technique for Land-use Analysis

The AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) is a useful tool in decision making method for land-use planning. Hillside development often contains environmental constraints because of hilly topography. Planners and decision makers have a limited opportunity to implement innovative approaches in land-use planning decision making process. This paper discusses on a possible MCDA (Multi Criteria Decision Analysis) method of land suitability analysis for sustainable hillside development. A hierarchical structure model is developed for the land suitability analysis. Land-use planners can get benefit from MCDA techniques for hillside development projects and various kinds of land-use planning problems. Criteria are prioritized by the experts and a number of sub-criteria are set in order to select the best alternatives for sustainable hillside development by using AHP method. Various techniques and modules are available that can check uncertainty of a computed final decision by experts. CR (Consistency Ratio) method is used to examine the uncertainty in decision obtained by the experts. If CR is more than required CR standards that it can revise weights with minor changes in criteria judgements to check uncertainty in decision-making of land suitability analysis. The AHP steps can be used by using the EC (Expert Choice) decision support software automatically or manually. This paper intends to introduce MCDA as a policy design tool for planners and decision makers like an AHP application in land-use plannin

Factors Influencing Residential Location Choice towards Mixed Land-Use Development: An Empirical Evidence from Pakistan

This study is aimed to determine the MLU development factors by executing a Delphi Method (DM). The MLU factors can contribute to the land-use development process in the thickly populated urban centers of developing countries. This is the first study of its type conducted to clarify MLU development factors in urbanized settlements of Sindh province, Pakistan. Karachi and Hyderabad are thickly populated cities in Pakistan where mixed land-use (MLU) development prevails over the years. The DM was attempted in two rounds focusing on the opinion of urban development specialists and academic experts. The experts initially provided a set of forty-two factors identified from the literature. These factors were arranged in a Likert-based questionnaire and determined through the coefficient variation. The prominent factors were identified as household savings, travel costs and low rent, nearby household items and shared utility services, economic vitality, variety in purchasing grocery and shopping items, demographic change and social poverty, accessibility to nearby public services, reduction in commuting time and easy access to restaurants. This proposed research recommends policy implications focusing on identified key parameters of MLU development, such as low carbon exposure, livable environment, and planned municipal system

Factors Influencing Residential Location Choice towards Mixed Land-Use Development: An Empirical Evidence from Pakistan

This study is aimed to determine the MLU development factors by executing a Delphi Method (DM). The MLU factors can contribute to the land-use development process in the thickly populated urban centers of developing countries. This is the first study of its type conducted to clarify MLU development factors in urbanized settlements of Sindh province, Pakistan. Karachi and Hyderabad are thickly populated cities in Pakistan where mixed land-use (MLU) development prevails over the years. The DM was attempted in two rounds focusing on the opinion of urban development specialists and academic experts. The experts initially provided a set of forty-two factors identified from the literature. These factors were arranged in a Likert-based questionnaire and determined through the coefficient variation. The prominent factors were identified as household savings, travel costs and low rent, nearby household items and shared utility services, economic vitality, variety in purchasing grocery and shopping items, demographic change and social poverty, accessibility to nearby public services, reduction in commuting time and easy access to restaurants. This proposed research recommends policy implications focusing on identified key parameters of MLU development, such as low carbon exposure, livable environment, and planned municipal system

Transportation Planning Studies for Socio-Economic Development of Depressed Sub-Regions: A Review

Transport sector can be considered as a backbone of the national and regional economies. Well-arranged transportation facilities are essential for the movement of people and goods, which can make nations agile and strong to face ever-increasing global and local socioeconomic problems. However, most of the developing countries were facing acute transport-related problems, i.e. absence of transport policies, inaccessibility, the proper road network hierarchy and unavailability of low-cost transportation services, especially for rural dwellers. Hence, the aim of this research is to propose policy implications by reviewing suitable literature associated with regional transportation planning, which can be essential to upsurge accessibility standards and abolish the transport-related problems of the rural sub-regions of developing countries. This research article is intended for the planned development and socioeconomic well-being of depressed sub-regions, which are struggling with the problem of transportation inaccessibility over the years. It was found that accessibility is a dominant element of transportation studies in rural sub regions, if addressed by the concerned authorities or planning agencies; the deprived sub-regions can flourish and prosper with the passage of time

Analysis of Energy and Network Cost Effectiveness of Scheduling Strategies in Datacentre

In parallel and distributed computing, cloud computing is progressively replacing the traditional computing paradigm. The cloud is made up of a set of virtualized resources in a data center that can be configured according to users’ needs. In other words, cloud computing faces the problem of a huge number of users requesting unlimited jobs for execution on a limited number of resources, which increases energy consumption and the network cost of the system. This study provides a complete analysis of classic scheduling techniques specifically for handling data-intensive workloads to see the effectiveness of the energy and network costs of the system. The workload is selected from a real-world data center. Moreover, this study offers the pros and cons of several classical heuristics-based job scheduling techniques that take into account the time and cost of transferring data from multiple sources. This study is useful for selecting appropriate scheduling techniques for appropriate environments