The Study of Flow Dynamics in Long Pipeline for the Transport of Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage (CCS) is usually considered as a chain consisting three separate elements; capture, transport and storage of the CO2. The capture and the storage are the two most studied parts of the CCS chain; however, the transport also gives the important roles in this system. For this study, the title of the project is to study the dynamics of the flow in the long pipeline for the transport of CO2. The dynamics flow of the CO2 transport in a long pipeline was studied and analyzed. At first, before the study is carried out, the author thinks of the uncertainties that will arise in the transport of CO2. Some of the uncertainties that might occur are the effect of the flow, the pressure drop and the changes of the temperature but for this research, the author will do the study of the effect of the flow and the changes in the velocity and the pressure in long pipeline of the CO2 transport. For the completion of this study, the author used two main methods which is using the research methodology and construction of the pipeline model using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. The research is carried out for the project’s concept understanding. The research had been done by reading the technical articles, and the previous related research from various author. Later the model is constructed using the CFD software. As expected, for a very long and open ended pipeline, the pressure will drop as the length of the pipeline increases. Besides that the bending angle of the pipe also give impact to the flow of the CO2; the greater the bending angle of the pipeline, the higher the CO2 flow pressure will loss. In addition, in the bending pipeline, there will be a back flow occurred to the CO2 flo

The Study of Flow Dynamics in Long Pipeline for the Transport of Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage (CCS) is usually considered as a chain consisting three separate elements; capture, transport and storage of the CO2. The capture and the storage are the two most studied parts of the CCS chain; however, the transport also gives the important roles in this system. For this study, the title of the project is to study the dynamics of the flow in the long pipeline for the transport of CO2. The dynamics flow of the CO2 transport in a long pipeline was studied and analyzed. At first, before the study is carried out, the author thinks of the uncertainties that will arise in the transport of CO2. Some of the uncertainties that might occur are the effect of the flow, the pressure drop and the changes of the temperature but for this research, the author will do the study of the effect of the flow and the changes in the velocity and the pressure in long pipeline of the CO2 transport. For the completion of this study, the author used two main methods which is using the research methodology and construction of the pipeline model using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. The research is carried out for the project’s concept understanding. The research had been done by reading the technical articles, and the previous related research from various author. Later the model is constructed using the CFD software. As expected, for a very long and open ended pipeline, the pressure will drop as the length of the pipeline increases. Besides that the bending angle of the pipe also give impact to the flow of the CO2; the greater the bending angle of the pipeline, the higher the CO2 flow pressure will loss. In addition, in the bending pipeline, there will be a back flow occurred to the CO2 flo

Tissue differentiation by refractive index using fiber optic displacement sensor

The optical properties can differentiate biological tissues. Refractive index (RI) is one of the optical parameters that can be used for the said purpose. Many different methods of measuring the refractive index of tissue have been found but involve complicated procedure and setup. The proposed way of measuring the refractive index of fabric using fibre optic displacement sensor does not include difficult steps. The installation has the highest measurement at 4 mm displacement between the fibre probe and the tissue sample. Sensitivity achieved when tested with three different solutions was 82.74 nW/RIU at the maximum movement. The installation can determine the refractive index of skin, muscle and fat tissue of porcine sample with a difference of 4.3%, 7.4% and 3.9% respectively using the standard RI of each tissue. The proposed method shows promising results and possible application of simple non-contact refractive index measurement of biological tissue