Genetic study of Persian gazelle of Sohrein, Zanjan

Persian gazelle ( Gazelle subgutturosa ) is one of the most important species in the world with its wide distribution in Iran The greatest number of this species in Iran is associated with the gazelles in Sohrain plain in Sorkhabad protected region in Zanjan province. Considering the significance of this species in the region and the fact that no genetic studies have been conducted to determine the status of this species, such genetic investigations were carried out in this study, 54 samples of the species hunted in 2005 were applied in this study. The samples were subjected for sequencing on D-LOOP region of the mtDNA. The results of this study indicated 17 polymorphism sites and 6 haplotypes in the region Haplotype type 1 and 5 with 72 and 1.85 percent presented the highest and lowest frequency in the population of gazelles. Based on the results obtained, the degree of variety of haplotypes in the population of gazelles of Sohrain region was estimated at 0.46 and nucleotide diversitywas 0.84%. Based on theresults ofthisstudyone can predict thatpopulation could be endangered owing to genetic depletion

Study of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Sprague Dawley Rat Gastric Cancer Induced by H. Pylori

Background and Objectives: Gastric cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors; the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer are on the increase nowadays. Helicobacter pylori(H.Pylori) causes chronic active gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Cycloocygenase-2 (COX-2) is the central enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway to prostaglandins. Studies from different laboratories suggested that over-expression of COX-2 was detected in colon and other tumors. To obtain direct evidence concerning this relationship, we investigated the immunohistochemical findings of gastric mucosa using an animal model of gastric cancer induced by H. pylori in sprague dawley rat.Methods: The rats were randomly assigned into three groups(n=5). Those of experimental group2 were given MNU. one week after completion of MNU administration, rats in experimental groups 1 were inoculated with H. pylori three times every other day. Rats in control group(group 3) received neither MNU nor H. pylori. Rats of groups 1, 2, and control group were maintained on standard diets throughout the experiment. Rat were weighed and sacrificed under anesthesia with ether at 20 weeks after infection. One half of the excised stomachs, were fixed in neutral-buffered 10% formalin and were cut into approximately six strips, which were processed by standard methods, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 6 µm, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry for Cox-2 protein detection. To confirm H. pylori infection, samples ( 3-mm2) of stomach mucosa transferred to appropriate medium and Colonies were identified by characteristic Gram’s stain morphology, and by urease, catalase, and oxidase activity sample was also placed into the gel of a rapid urease test kit.Results: Data showed a significant decrease of animal body weight in experimental groups compared with control group. Histopathological studies showed severe infiltration of the lamina propria and submucusaal layer by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells appeared in the antrum, with an increase in epithelial cell proliferation, and the infiltration of focal oesophageal. Control animals showed no abnormal findings throughout the entire observation period. COX-2 protein was expressed in experimental groups but there were no evidence of cox-2 protein expression in control group.Conclusion: Data showed that the H. pylori caused significant decrease of body weight in experimental group. In addition, histological studies showed evidence of metaplasia in rat stomach. Immunohistochemichas studies showed cox-2 protein expression occurred during early stage of metaplasia induction