Role of Genetic Analysis in New Treatments of Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Genetics has an important role in the risk stratification and management of the patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Molecular testing can’t take the place of cytogenetic testing results, but has complementary role to help refine prognosis of the disease, especially within specific AML subgroups. Molecular genetic analysis of CEBPA, NPM1, and FLT3 is already the standard of care in AML patients, and mutations in several additional genes are assuming increasing importance. The French-American-British (FAB) classification and the World Health Organization (WHO) classification are the most classifications for AML. The aim of this chapter is a review on the role of genetic analysis in new treatments of AML

A New Method for Diagnosis and Predicting Blood Disorder and Cancer Using Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Neural Networks)

"nAbstract: This paper represents a novel use of artificial neural networks in medical science. The proposed technique involves training a Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) (a kind of artificial neural network) with a BP learning algorithm to recognize a pattern for the diagnosing and prediction of five blood disorders, through the results of blood tests from H1 machine. The blood test parameters and diagnosis of physician about the diseases of 450 patients from Taleghani Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran, are used in a supervised training method to update network parameters. This method was implemented to diagnose these disorder and cancer: Megaloblastic Anaemia, Thalassemia, Idiopathic thrombocytopenic pupura (ITP), Chronic myelogenous leukemia and Lymphoproliferative

By what way Physician can Enhance Outcomes in Patients with metastatic Malignant Melanoma

Introduction: The incidence of malignant melanoma is increasing at a rate greater than any other human cancer. Although melanoma accounts for only 4 percent of all dermatologic cancers, it is responsible for 80 percent of deaths from skin cancer; only 14 percent of patients with metastatic melanoma survive for five years. The optimal therapy varies with the stage of the disease. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for early disease, while some patients who are at high risk for developing metastatic disease (particularly those with stage II and III cancers may benefit from adjuvant therapy with interferon alfa (IFNa).(1) The management of patients with disseminated disease is a difficult problem. In carefully selected patients, excision of limited distant metastases can occasionally produce durable benefit. However, most patients with stage IV disease require systemic treatment. Traditional systemic treatment approaches include cytotoxic chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Several novel therapeutic approaches are under study, the most promising of which target specific molecular abnormalities that have been identified in melanomas. Molecularly targeted therapy for advanced melanoma will be reviewed here.(2

Frequency of Hereditary Coagulation Risk Factors in Deep Vein Thrombosis Patients Referred to Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, Kermanshah

Introduction: The main inhibitors of coagulation pathway are antithrombin (AT), protein C and protein S. These inhibitors are necessary to prevent thromboembolism. Hereditary deficiency of inhibitors is the main cause of alteration in balance between the anti-clotting and the formation of thrombin. Patients with this abnormality are susceptible to venous thromboembolism (VTE). Two major clinical manifestation of VTE are deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). The aim of present study was to investigate the frequency of coagulation inhibitor proteins and resistance to activated protein C (APC-R) in DVT patients from Kermanshah province of Iran with Kurdish ethic background. Materials and methods: We investigated all patients with thrombophilia who referred to Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization from May 2011 to March 2012. The levels of protein C, protein S and antithrombin were measured using STAGO kits, France (Diagnostica Stago) and the APC-R level was detected using Pefakit® kit. Results: After excluding patients with confounding factors, 54 patients were remained. Our results showed that acquired risk factors are the most common causes of DVT in the present study. In our study protein C deficiency was found to be the most hereditary risk factor followed in frequency by APC-R. Also, in 16 patients (29.6%) there were combined hereditary risk factors with deficiency in 2 or 3 factors. Conclusion: Our results showed protein C deficiency was the prevalent cause of DVT in our patients. Also, different pattern of hereditary risk factors in our patients compared to other regions of Iran could be attributed to different ethnic background of our patients