Competencias digitales en estudiantes de la carrera de Educación Básica de la Universidad de Cuenca

La presente investigación se enmarca en la modalidad descriptiva con un enfoque cuantitativo y se ubica en el campo de la Educación Básica, relacionado específicamente a la enseñanza del uso de las TIC dentro de la formación docente. El estudio tiene el objetivo de conocer el nivel de las competencias digitales de los estudiantes de la carrera de Educación Básica de la Universidad de Cuenca para identificar aquellas en las que existe un mayor y menor dominio. Las categorías principales del estudio son, por un lado, las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), y por otro las competencias digitales. Los datos fueron recogidos mediante una encuesta en línea dirigida a los estudiantes de séptimo ciclo de la carrera de Educación Básica, posteriormente, se analizaron y procesaron los resultados obtenidos. Por último, las conclusiones señalan que el nivel de competencias digitales de los estudiantes puede ubicarse en un nivel intermedio, pues no existe una prevalencia significativa respecto al dominio de las TIC, debido a que, existe un gran dominio en competencias como el uso de aplicaciones de mensajería instantánea, uso de correo electrónico o aplicaciones para telereuniones, uso de buscadores especializados, verificación de información, seguridad y solución de problemas de los dispositivos. Sin embargo, existe poco dominio en competencias relacionadas al uso de herramientas ofimáticas y recursos de gamificación, conocimiento de la ética sobre el uso del internet y resolución de problemas de conectividad, entre otros.The present investigation is framed in the descriptive modality with a quantitative approach and is located in the field of Basic Education, specifically related to the teaching of the use of ICT within teacher training. The study aims to know the level of digital skills of students of the Basic Education career of the University of Cuenca to identify those in which there is a greater and lesser dominance. The main categories of the study are, on the one hand, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), and on the other digital competences. The data was collected through an online survey of students in the seventh cycle of the Basic Education career, subsequently, the results obtained were analyzed and processed. Finally, the conclusions indicate that the level of digital competences of students can be located at an intermediate level, since there is no significant prevalence with respect to the domain of ICT, because there is a great domain in skills such as the use of instant messaging applications, use of email or applications for telereunions, use of specialized search engines, information verification, security and troubleshooting of devices. However, there is little mastery in competencies related to the use of office tools and gamification resources, knowledge of ethics about the use of the internet and solving connectivity problems, among others.Licenciado en Ciencias de la Educación BásicaCuenc

New Insights in Thyroid Cancer and p53 Family Proteins

Thyroid cancers are common endocrine malignancies that comprise tumors with different clinical and histological features. Indeed, papillary and follicular thyroid cancers are slow-growing, well-differentiated tumors, whereas anaplastic thyroid cancers are undifferentiated neoplasias that behave much more aggressively. Well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas are efficiently cured by surgery and radioiodine, unlike undifferentiated tumors that fail to uptake radioactive iodine and are usually resistant to chemotherapy. Therefore, novel and more effective therapies for these aggressive neoplasias are urgently needed. Whereas most genetic events underlying the pathogenesis of well-differentiated thyroid cancers have been identified, the molecular mechanisms that generate undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas are still unclear. To date, one of the best-characterized genetic alterations leading to the development of poorly differentiated thyroid tumors is the loss of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. In addition, the existence of a complex network among p53 family members (p63 and p73) and their interactions with other factors that promote thyroid cancer progression has been well documented. In this review, we provide an update on the current knowledge of the role of p53 family proteins in thyroid cancer and their possible use as a therapeutic target for the treatment of the most aggressive variants of this disease

Narrativas y públicos en los medios : enfoques para un periodismo de cambio

Las narrativas están compuestas por relatos reales o ficticios. La vida social está llena de relatos y de personas detrás de los relatos. Podemos decir que la sociedad avanza o retrocede en una lucha de relatos por develar lo que es verdad y aquello que es mentira en el mundo de la vida social. En el contexto de los medios, los relatos constituyen historias sobre las personas en la vida cotidiana, pero entendemos que esos relatos configuran formas de percibir la realidad, de comportarse, de ver a los otros, de representaciones y de ideologías sobre las personas, el mundo y los ámbitos en los que se construye la vida en lo social, político, económico y cultural

Non ABL-directed inhibitors as alternative treatment strategies for chronic myeloid leukemia

Abstract The introduction of ABL Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) has significantly improved the outcome of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) patients that, in large part, achieve satisfactory hematological, cytogenetic and molecular remissions. However, approximately 15–20% fail to obtain optimal responses according to the current European Leukemia Network recommendation because of drug intolerance or resistance. Moreover, a plethora of evidence suggests that Leukemic Stem Cells (LSCs) show BCR-ABL1-independent survival. Hence, they are unresponsive to TKIs, leading to disease relapse if pharmacological treatment is discontinued. All together, these biological events generate a subpopulation of CML patients in need of alternative therapeutic strategies to overcome TKI resistance or to eradicate LSCs in order to allow cure of the disease. In this review we update the role of “non ABL-directed inhibitors” targeting signaling pathways downstream of the BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein and describe immunological approaches activating specific T cell responses against CML cells

Impact of Different Cell Counting Methods in Molecular Monitoring of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients

Background: Detection of BCR-ABL1 transcript level via real-time quantitative-polymerase-chain reaction (Q-PCR) is a clinical routine for disease monitoring, assessing Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor therapy efficacy and predicting long-term response in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. For valid Q-PCR results, each stage of the laboratory procedures need be optimized, including the cell-counting method that represents a critical step in obtaining g an appropriate amount of RNA and reliable Q-PCR results. Traditionally, manual or automated methods are used for the detection and enumeration of white blood cells (WBCs). Here, we compared the performance of the manual counting measurement to the flow cytometry (FC)-based automatic counting assay employing CytoFLEX platform. Methods: We tested five different types of measurements: one manual hemocytometer-based count and four FC-based automatic cell-counting methods, including absolute, based on beads, based on 7-amino actinomycin D, combining and associating beads and 7AAD. The recovery efficiency for each counting method was established considering the quality and quantity of total RNA isolated and the Q-PCR results in matched samples from 90 adults with CML. Results: Our analyses showed no consistent bias between the different types of measurements, with comparable number of WBCs counted for each type of measurement. Similarly, we observed a 100% concordance in the amount of RNA extracted and in the Q-PCR cycle threshold values for both BCR-ABL1 and ABL1 gene transcripts in matched counted specimens from all the investigated groups. Overall, we show that FC-based automatic absolute cell counting has comparable performance to manual measurements and allows accurate cell counts without the use of expensive beads or the addition of the time-consuming intercalator 7AAD. Conclusions: This automatic method can replace the more laborious manual workflow, especially when high-throughput isolations from blood of CML patients are needed

Accuracy of F-18-FDG in Detecting Stage I Lung Adenocarcinomas According to IASLC/ATS/ERS Classification

Background Only a small number of studies have explored the clinicopathological features of pulmonary adenocarcinoma (PA) associated with F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) false-negative (FN) results. Herein, we investigated the FDG-PET diagnostic performance by stratifying PAs according to International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (IASLC/ATS/ERS) classification.Methods From January 2002 to December 2016, all consecutive patients who underwent pulmonary resection for stage I PA at six thoracic surgery institutions were retrospectively reviewed. The diagnostic performance of FDG-PET was analysed according to IASLC/ATS/ERS classification and two validated subclassifications. Univariable and multivariable logistic analysis were used to identify predictors of FDG-PET FN results.Results Five hundred and fifty (550) patients with stage I PA were included in the analyses. Most of the patients were male (n=354 [64.4%]) and smokers (n=369 [67.1%]). Ninety-seven (n=97 [17.6%]) FN cases were observed at FDG-PET imaging. On multivariable analysis, a lepidic pattern was found to be independently associated with FDG-PET FN results (odds ratio [OR], 3.20; p<0.001), while a solid pattern more commonly presented with a positive finding (OR, 0.40; p=0.066). According to Nakamura's classification, we observed an independent association between lepidic pattern and FDG-PET FN results (OR, 3.17; p<0.001), while solid/micropapillary patterns were independently related with increased FDG uptake (OR, 0.35; p=0.021). According to Yoshizawa's classification, Intermediate-grade tumours were independently correlated with FN FDG-PET results (OR, 2.78; p=0.005).Conclusions In our cohort, histopathological features were significantly associated with FDG uptake. In particular, some adenocarcinoma subtypes (mostly Lepidic pattern) have a tendency towards FN FDG-PET findings. The correlation between computed tomography findings, clinical characteristics, and FDG uptake is mandatory, in order to tailor the precise diagnostic and therapeutic pathway for each patient