The Evaluation of Pectin Concentration and Heat Treatment on Physical Properties of Banana Peel Pectin Edible Coating

Edible coating from banana peel pectin is one of the alternative packagings that utilizes organic compounds to preserve food quality. The research was conducted to study the characteristics of banana peel pectin coating with different concentrations of pectin (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%) and heat treatment added during the processing. The research showed a significant difference from the different concentrations of pectin on the parameters which correlate with the amount of total solid dissolved in the coating. The difference concentration showed an increase in thickness value from 0.033 ± 0.0005 to 0.106 ± 0.001 mm and a decrease in transmittance value from 73.75% to 53.6%. Meanwhile, heat treatment showed insignificant differences (except the light transmittance) in several physical properties where the heat treatment only contributes to the dispersion interval of the pectin. The research concluded that banana peel pectin was one of the potential alternatives for fabricating edible film

Atomic force microscopy study of surface microstructure properties of hydroxypropylcellulose/cinnamaldehyde composite biofilm

This study used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to examine the microstructure properties of a composite biofilm made of hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) and cinnamaldehyde (CDH). The zeta potential of the HPC-based solution was found to decrease from -1.31 to - 3.24 (mV) with the addition of CDH-emulsified CDH, according to Zetasizer analysis. Additionally, the roughness of the surface properties showed an increasing trend. AFM analysis indicated that the surface roughness of the HPC film increased by 1.31 and 4.01 nm in terms of arithmetical mean deviation from the mean (Ra) and root mean square deviation from the mean (Rq), respectively, with the addition of CDH-emulsified CDH. Changes in the surface properties of the biofilm could affect its barrier properties, such as water resistance and light transmission

Effect of Taro Starch, Beet Juice, Probiotic, and/or Psicose on Gut Microbiota in a Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model: A Pilot Study

Background and Objectives. The gut microbiota has been shown to be involved in the development and severity of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the present study was to test the effect of potential functional food ingredients, alone or in combination, on the gut microbiota composition in diabetic rats in a pilot study of 1 week of feeding. Methods. In a pilot study to modulate the composition of the gut microbiota, (i) native taro starch, (ii) modified taro starch, (iii) beet juice, (iv) psicose, (v) the probiotic L. plantarum IS-10506, (vi) native starch combined with beet juice, (vii) native starch to which beet juice was adsorbed, (viii) modified starch combined with beet juice, and (ix) modified starch to which beet juice was adsorbed were fed to rats in which T2D was induced with streptozotocin (STZ). After one week, the composition of the gut microbiota was evaluated by sequencing the PCR-amplified V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Results and Conclusions. The next-generation sequencing showed that 13 microbial taxa of the gut microbiota were significantly different between groups, depending on the treatment. The results of this pilot study will be used to design a 4-week intervention study in STZ-induced T2D rats to determine the best functional food for counteracting T2D, including their effects on satiety hormones. This should ultimately lead to the development of functional foods for prediabetic and diabetic individuals

Effect of Taro Starch, Beet Juice, Probiotic, and/or Psicose on Gut Microbiota in a Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model: A Pilot Study

Background and Objectives. The gut microbiota has been shown to be involved in the development and severity of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the present study was to test the effect of potential functional food ingredients, alone or in combination, on the gut microbiota composition in diabetic rats in a pilot study of 1 week of feeding. Methods. In a pilot study to modulate the composition of the gut microbiota, (i) native taro starch, (ii) modified taro starch, (iii) beet juice, (iv) psicose, (v) the probiotic L. plantarum IS-10506, (vi) native starch combined with beet juice, (vii) native starch to which beet juice was adsorbed, (viii) modified starch combined with beet juice, and (ix) modified starch to which beet juice was adsorbed were fed to rats in which T2D was induced with streptozotocin (STZ). After one week, the composition of the gut microbiota was evaluated by sequencing the PCR-amplified V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Results and Conclusions. The next-generation sequencing showed that 13 microbial taxa of the gut microbiota were significantly different between groups, depending on the treatment. The results of this pilot study will be used to design a 4-week intervention study in STZ-induced T2D rats to determine the best functional food for counteracting T2D, including their effects on satiety hormones. This should ultimately lead to the development of functional foods for prediabetic and diabetic individuals

Roughness Study of Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Film Surface Loaded with Cinnamaldehyde/Lauric Arginate by Atomic Force Microscopy

In this work, atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique was used to study the microstructure properties of hydroxypropylcellulose/ cinnamaldehyde (CDH) composite biofilm. The solution was emulsified by cationic surfactant, lauric arginate (LAE). Zetasizer analysis found that the addition of CDH-emulsified LAE increased the zeta potential of HPC-based solution from -1.31 to 10.47 (mV). Furthermore, the increasing trend was showed by the roughness of surface properties. AFM analysis revealed that the arithmetical mean deviation from the mean (Ra) and root mean square deviation from the mean (Rq) of HPC film surface enhanced by 1.7 nm and 3.63 nm respectively as addition of CDH-emulsified LAE. Any deformation in the surface properties of the biofilm might affect its barrier properties such as water resistance and light transmission

Atomic force microscopy study of surface microstructure properties of hydroxypropylcellulose/cinnamaldehyde composite biofilm

This study used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to examine the microstructure properties of a composite biofilm made of hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) and cinnamaldehyde (CDH). The zeta potential of the HPC-based solution was found to decrease from -1.31 to - 3.24 (mV) with the addition of CDH-emulsified CDH, according to Zetasizer analysis. Additionally, the roughness of the surface properties showed an increasing trend. AFM analysis indicated that the surface roughness of the HPC film increased by 1.31 and 4.01 nm in terms of arithmetical mean deviation from the mean (Ra) and root mean square deviation from the mean (Rq), respectively, with the addition of CDH-emulsified CDH. Changes in the surface properties of the biofilm could affect its barrier properties, such as water resistance and light transmission