People Supervision on Sovereignty from the Perspective of Islam and Iranian Laws

The subject of “participatory” and “observing” societies in the area of politics and society throughout the world is associated with the topic of “people participation in determining destiny” and “monitoring the performance of government and states” and this has been studied since many years ago from the perspectives of sociologists and lawyers in their specialized aspects.  The significant issue prior to the study and dealing with the subject of people supervision over the performance of governments is that to the extent that the circulation of information is done freely, and also to the extent that the volume of information transferred among the people (either through websites, news agencies and governmental media or through social networks) is greater, to the same extent (not only the promotion of people’s information rate towards issues around them in the society and quality of their perception of the incidents will be deeper but also the sense of peoples’ participation and responsibility acceptance vis-à-vis society and other citizens and hope in determination of their destiny will increase. So, in this article, efforts have been made to provide a clear elaboration of the subject of “people participation” and its connection with the “supervision over the performance of governments and rulers” and the necessity of this supervision from the viewpoint of Islam and scientific theories

Variables Associated with Adherence to Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Patients Admitted to the General Hospital Wards: A Prospective Study

Purpose: Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) composed of solid lipid and oil are a new generation of lipid nanoparticles which have exhibited some merits over traditional used lipid nanoparticles in fortifying food and beverages and nutraceuticals delivery systems such as liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles. Methods: In this study, Precirol and Compritol as solid lipids, Miglyol and Octyloctanoat as liquid lipids, Tween80, Tween20 and Poloxamer407 as surfactants were used to prepare vitamin D3-loaded NLC dispersion using hot homogenization method. The particle size and size distribution for all formulations were evaluated by immediately after production and during a storage period of 60 days. Results: The Precirol-based NLC showed superiority over Compritol-based NLC in the point of physical stability. Results clearly suggested that an optimum concentration of 3% of Poloxamer407 or 2% of Tween20 was sufficient to cover the surface of nanoparticles effectively and prevent agglomeration during the homogenization process. Octyloctanoat was introduced for the first time as a good substituent for Miglyol in the preparation of NLC formulations. The vitamin D3 Intestinal absorption enhanced by the incorporating in NLCs. Conclusion: It was concluded that NLC showed a promising approach for fortifying beverages by lipophilic nutraceuticals such as vitamin D

Resveratrol and liver: A systematic review

Background: Recent studies demonstrated that resveratrol has many therapeutic effects on liver disorders. Resveratrol significantly increased survival after liver transplantation, decreased fat deposition, necrosis, and apoptosis which induced by ischemia in Wistar rats. It provided liver protection against chemical, cholestatic, and alcohol injury. Resveratrol can improve glucose metabolism and lipid profile and decrease liver fibrosis and steatosis. Furthermore, it was able to alter hepatic cell fatty acid composition. According to extension of liver disease around the world and necessity of finding new threat, this review critically examines the current preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies on the preventive and therapeutic effects of resveratrol in liver disorders. Materials and Methods: A search in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus was undertaken to identify relevant literature using search terms, including "liver," "hepatic," and "Resveratrol." Both in vivo and in vitro studies were included. No time limiting considered for this search. Results: A total of 76 articles were eligible for this review. In these articles, resveratrol shows antioxidative properties in different models of hepatitis resulting in reducing of hepatic fibrosis. Conclusion: Resveratrol could reduce hepatic steatosis through modulating the insulin resistance and lipid profile in animals. These high quality preclinical studies propose the potential therapeutic implication of resveratrol in liver disorders especially those with hepatic steatosis. Resveratrol can play a pivotal role in prevention and treatment of liver disorders by reducing hepatic fibrosis

Development of a checklist to validate the framework of a narrative medicine program based on Gagne’s instructional design model in Iran through consensus of a multidisciplinary expert panel

This expert panel study was conducted from 2018 to 2019 at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. It included 2 phases: developing a framework in 2 steps and forming an expert panel to validate the framework in 3 rounds. We adapted a 3-stage narrative medicine model with 9 training activities from Gagne’s theory, developed a framework, and then produced a checklist to validate the framework in a multidisciplinary expert panel that consisted of 7 experts. The RAND/UCLA appropriateness method was used to assess the experts’ agreement. The first-round opinions were received by email. Consensus was achieved in the second and third rounds through face-to-face meetings to facilitate interactions and discussion among the expert

A Review on Narrative Medicine: An Innovative Approach in Medical Education

Introduction: In medical science, narratives are vital. Always stories about patients, their care experiences, and the improvement of the diseases are expressed among physicians and other health care teams. These narratives, in addition to being effective in the evolution of thought, are also considered as an active teaching method. This study was conducted with the aim of introducing narrative medicine as an approach to medical education. Methods: This study was conducted by narrative reviewing and searching the electronic texts and articles in the databases, Science Direct, ProQuest, PubMed, ISI Web of Science and the Google Scholar search engine, and the keywords of narrative-based medicine, narrative medicine, narration, teaching and medical education, and equivalents in Persian, since 1980. After removing repetitive articles, and considering the direct link of the articles to the study objectives, only abstracts of the articles that were available in full text were reviewed. Results: Of the papers included in the study, 32 articles were submitted to the final review, 5 of which were Persian, and the rest were English. Discussions related to the narrative medicine approach in medical education were extracted and the results of this study were presented as four general themes including the concept, applications, implications, and limitations of using a narrative approach. Conclusion: It is necessary to consider a special education position with a change in cultural attitudes and practices, and medical students should become familiar with the practical application of narratives from the beginning of their studies in order to learn humanism, professionalism, medical ethics, Diagnostic skills, clinical reasoning and patient-centered care, and apply it practically. Therefore, proper education and inclusion in the formal curriculum are recommended with regard to the educational and cultural background and the use of a narrative approach along with medical evidence and facts