Replacement Value of Soybean Meal with Luffa cylindrical in Diet of Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings

The study investigated the effects of replacing soybean meal with Luffa cylindrical seed meal on the growth performance of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. Five isonitrogenous diets containing soybean meal which was replaced by Luffa cylindrica at a rate of 15, 30, 45 and 60% levels were formulated. The diets without Luffa cylindrical seed meal served as the control. Experimental diets were assigned randomly to the fish in tanks and each group of fish was fed at 5% of body weight in equal proportions twice daily. There were significant (P,0.05) decreases in growth and nutrient utilization parameters of fish fed different dietary treatments containing 30 to 60 % levels of Luffa cylindrical seed meal. However, there were no significant (P>0.05) variations in growth and nutrient utilization parameters of fish fed the control diet and those fed diet containing 15% Luffah cylindrica

Nutritional status of palm kernel meal inoculated with Trichoderma Harzanium

The ability of Trichoderma harzanium to improve the nutritional status of palm kernel meal (P K M) was assessed over forty days of fermentation. Fermentation within this time period induced various changes in the proximate and mineral analysis of the palm kernel meal. Comparatively, the highest crude protein and ether extract of 33.03% and 8.65% respectively were obtained at 20 days of biodegradation by rrichoderma harzanium. As the fermentation period increases there was reduction in the crude fibre content of palm kernel meal from 14.45% at day 0 to 7.74 at day 10. There was increase in the quality of Ca (0.016%) potassium (0.170%) at day 10 and phosphorus (0.00073%) at day 20 when compared with the control. Key words: Nutritional status of PKM Trichoderma harzaniu

Biomarkers and weight changes in broiler chicks (Gallus domesticus) exposed to livestock feed containing residues of phostoxin and actellic pesticides

The acute and sublethal toxicity studies of two organophosphate pesticides were carried out against the broiler chicks, Gallus domesticus. On the basis of the computed toxicity factor, phostoxin with a 14 day LC50 values of 0.022 mg/kg was found to be 2 times more toxic than actellic (14 day LC50 of 0.048 mg/kg). The results of the biochemical analysis of the blood samples of the broilers chicks exposed to sublethal doses ofphostoxin and actellic over a 49 day period of exposure revealed that there was a significant (

Effects Of Acute And Sub-Lethal Concentrations Of Phostoxin On Weight Changes And Haematology Parameters Of Clarias Gariepinus

Fish are sensitive to a wide variety of chemicals and toxic conditions. In aquatic environment, organophosphate may cause several physiological and biochemical defects in fishes. Clarias gariepinus (mean weight 10±0.1g) was exposed to acute and sub-lethal concentrations of phostoxin to evaluate the toxicity of phostoxin organophosphate. Effect of phostoxin on haematological parameters and weight changes of juvenile Clarias gariepinus was also investigated. The concentrations used during the acute toxicity test were 1.00, 2.0, 4.00, 6.00 mg/l with a control of 0.00mg/l; while the concentrations of the toxicant used during the 28-days sub-lethal exposure were 0.60, 0.40, 0.20 mg/l with a control of 0.00 mg/l. The lethal concentration (LC50) value of phostoxin was 2.20mg/l for 96h of exposure. The results obtained from the sub-lethal exposure showed that there was a progressive decrease in weight gain of fish as the concentration of the toxicant increased. Also, haematological indices indicated that the fish became hyperglycaemic and hypoproteinaemic and the severity of this condition were directly proportional to the phostoxin concentration. C. gariepinus is susceptible to phostoxin; therefore use of phostoxin in disinfection on/near fish farm or area close to aquatic environment should be discouraged. Keywords: Clarias gariepinus, phostoxin, Toxicity test, Weight, Haematology Journal of Environmental Extension Vol. 7 2008: pp. 72-7

Growth Response of Juvenile Catfish ( Clarias gariepinus) Fed Diets Supplemented With Lactobacillus sp Inclusion into Feeds and Cultured Water.

Growth and nutrient utilization by catfish (Clarias gariepinus) through the inclusion of Lactobaccillus in either the feed or culture water were studied. A total of sixty three juvenile C. gariepinus average weight 17±1.2 g in a flow through system over a period of 42 days were fed with a conventional feed containing either Lactobacillus sp. added to feed (TF) or culture water (CW) and compared to control diet (without Lactobacillus) in a randomised complete design. The result revealed the values of feed conversion ratio (FCR) in TF, CW and control to be 0.82, 0.96 and 1.17 while specific growth rate (SGR%/day) values were 1.09, 1.12 and 0.93 respectively. No significant difference (p>0.05) was observed in feed intake, mean weight gain and relative growth rate between TF and CW. The inclusion of Lactobacillus in the diet of C.gariepinus juvenile gave better FCR an indication that profitable and sustainable aquaculture can be successfully achieved by the inclusion of Lactobacillus in feeds.Keywords: Bacteria, growth, haematology, probiotics, feed, clarias gariepinus. Fish, Feed, Probiotics, growth, Haematolog

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Not AvailableJatropha protein isolate was prepared following the principle of isoelectric precipitation. The isolated protein is low in fibre, lipid and ash, and high in protein and gross energy contents. The antinutritional factors such as phytic acid, tannin and trypsin inhibitor were found to decrease after protein extraction except phorbol esters (PEs), which re-main bounded to the protein matrix. Thus, the protein isolate was detoxified and the PEs content reduced significantly. For the feeding trial, six isonitrogenous diets were formu-lated as DJP 0, DJP 25, DJP 50, DJP 75, DJP 100, or DJP 100 + lysine with detoxifiedJatropha protein isolate (DJP) in replacement for soybean protein isolate (SPI) and fed to L. rohita fingerlings (3.25 ± 0.02 g) for 60 days. The weight gain percentage (WG %), spe-cific growth rate and metabolic growth rate values among the groups showed no signifi-cant difference (p > .05), except DJP 100 fed group. The feed conversion ratio, proteinefficiency ratio, protein productive value, and survival, digestive and hepatic aminotrans-ferase enzymes activities were not significantly affected, whereas intestinal alkaline phosphatase and serum alanine transaminase differ significantly (p < .05). Thus, this study revealed that DJP supplemented with lysine could replace 100% SPI protein with-out causing any significant effects on fish performance and organ integrity.Not Availabl