Evaluation of serum lipids in preeclampsia: a comparative study

Background: Preeclampsia occurs in 7 to 10% of pregnancies worldwide. At present most, popular theory is an oxidative stress. Abnormal lipid profiles and species may have a role in promotion of oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction seen in pre-eclampsia. Objectives of this study was carried out to evaluate lipid profile in subjects with preeclampsia and to compare lipid profile in subjects of preeclampsia as compared to normal pregnant women.Methods: A comparative longitudinal study was conducted under the tertiary care hospital setting over a period of one year where 440 study subjects were enrolled out of which 220 subjects were pre-eclamptic and 220 subjects were normotensive with gestation of 28 weeks to till term. Lipid profiling was done in all the subjects.Results: The mean serum levels of total cholesterol (198.5±18.91), HDL (50.63±9.35), LDL (84.5±16.16), VLDL (42.75±4.72) and TGA (74.92±11.95) were higher in pre-eclampsia group compared to normotensive group and this difference in the levels of lipid parameters was found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: Dyslipidemia is significantly evident in preeclampsia and plays an important role in its pathogenesis

Advanced oxidation protein products and malondialdehyde — the new biological markers of oxidative stress — are elevated in postmenopausal women

Objectives: The aim of the study was to measure advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) as markers for oxidative stress to evaluate cardiovascular risk in pre- and postmenopausal women and to compare the results with malondialde­hyde (MDA) levels. Material and methods: Twenty premenopausal women and 84 naturally postmenopausal patients were enrolled in the study. AOPP and MDA plasma levels were measured. The postmenopausal group was further subdivided into two groups: postmenopausal age of 40–49 and of 50–59 years. AOPP and MDA levels were compared between premenopausal, 40–49 and 50–59 year old menopausal women. Results: Plasma AOPP and MDA levels in postmenopausal women were increased when compared with their premeno­pausal peers (123.83 ± 55.51 μmol/L vs. 61.59 ± 16.42 μmol/L and 6.50 ± 1.05 μmol/L vs. 5.98 ± 0.77 μmol/L; respectively). Mean plasma AOPP levels in the two menopausal age groups were both significantly higher from the premenopausal group (118.64 ± 59.1 μmol/L vs. 61.59 ± 16.42 μmol/L and 132.31 ± 48.97 μmol/L vs. 61.59 ± 16.42 μmol/L; respectively). No significant difference was found in mean AOPP levels between postmenopausal subjects of 40–49 and 50–59 years age (118.64 ± 59.12 μmol/L vs. 132.31 ± 48.97 μmol/L). Mean plasma MDA levels of each of two postmenopausal age groups were both significantly higher from the premenopausal group (6.50 ± 1.04 μmol/L vs. 5.98 ± 0.77 μmol/L and 6.50 ± 1.10 μmol/L vs. 5.98 ± 0.77 μmol/L; respectively). However, no statistically significant difference between the two postmenopausal age groups (6.50 ± 1.04 μmol/L vs. 6.50 ± 1.10 μmol/L) was found. Conclusions: AOPP and MDA levels are elevated in postmenopausal women as compared to their premenopausal peers, suggesting they can be used as markers for cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women

Cross-sectional study of antioxidant status in normotensive and hypertensive pregnancy

Objectives: The study measured the concentrations of antioxidants in women during pregnancy and the Post Partum Period (PPP) with a view to investigating their role in the aetiology of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Study Design: Informed consent was obtained from 105 women who were divided into three groups: 15 age and parity matched normotensive non-pregnant (control group), 45 normotensive and 45 hypertensive pregnant women. The two groups of pregnant women were divided into three groups of 15 each and studied in the second and third trimesters and PPP respectively. Venous blood was obtained from all the participants for measurements of some antioxidants (uric acid, albumin, catalase and vitamin C). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results: The results show that the mean concentrations of catalase, albumin, vitamin C and uric acid for the control were 3.1 ± 0.18 µ/l, 46.6 ± 6.6 g/l, 0.38 ± 0.01 mg/dl and 0.16 ± 0.03 mmol/l respectively. The mean concentration of all antioxidants except uric acid were significantly lower during pregnancy when compared with controls (t= 2.06; p<0.01). In the normotensive group of pregnant women, vitamin C was the only antioxidant that showed significant higher concentration when the second trimester concentration and third trimester concentration were compared (t=2.06; p<0.05). Uric acid levels were significantly higher (t=2.06; p<0.05) and nd rd catalase and vitamin C levels were significantly lower in the hypertensive group during the 2 and 3 trimesters (t=2.06; p<0.05). There was a tendency for all antioxidant concentrations to return to normal values during the PPPin the normotensive group; however in the hypertensive group, uric acid levels remained significantly higher (t=2.06; p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion this study showed that pregnancy generally reduced the concentration of antioxidants but vitamin C levels were higher in late pregnancy of normotensive women. Therefore higher levels of vitamin C may protect against PIH

Cross-sectional study of antioxidant status in normotensive and hypertensive pregnancy

Objectives: The study measured the concentrations of antioxidants in women during pregnancy and the Post Partum Period (PPP) with a view to investigating their role in the aetiology of pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH).Study Design: Informed consent was obtained from 105 women who were divided into three groups: 15 age and parity matched normotensive non-pregnant (control group), 45 normotensive and 45 hypertensive pregnant women. The two groups of pregnant women were divided into three groups of 15 each and studied in the second and third trimesters and PPP respectively. Venous blood was obtained from all the participants for measurements of some antioxidants (uric acid, albumin, catalase and vitamin C). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods.Results: The results show that the mean concentrations of catalase, albumin, vitamin C and uric acid for the control were 3.1 ± 0.18 ì/l, 46.6 ± 6.6 g/l, 0.38 ± 0.01 mg/dl and 0.16 ± 0.03 mmol/l respectively. The meanconcentration of all antioxidants except uric acid were significantly lower during pregnancy when compared with controls (t= 2.06; p&lt;0.01). In the normotensive group of pregnant women, vitamin C was the only antioxidant that showed significant higher concentration when the second trimester concentration and third trimester concentration were compared (t=2.06; p&lt;0.05). Uric acid levels were significantly higher (t=2.06; p&lt;0.05) and catalase and vitamin C levels were significantly lower in the hypertensive group during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters (t=2.06; p&lt;0.05). There was a tendency for all antioxidant concentrations to return to normal values during the PPP in the normotensive group; however in the hypertensive group, uric acid levels remained significantly higher(t=2.06; p&lt;0.05).Conclusion: In conclusion this study showed that pregnancy generally reduced the concentration of antioxidants but vitamin C levels were higher in late pregnancy of normotensive women. Therefore higher levels of vitamin C may protect against PIH.Keywords: Antioxidants, Normal Pregnancy, Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH)

The effect of fish oil in oxidative stress indices in healthy pregnant women

زمینه و هدف: اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع با زنجیره طولانی اسیدهای چرب ضروری هستند که برای سلامت انسان، بویژه در بارداری اهمیت به سزایی دارند .در برخی از مطالعات، به درجه بالای غیراشباع بودن این اسید اشاره شده است که آنرا در معرض پراکسید شدن قرار می دهد. این مطالعه با هدف تاثیر اسیدهای چرب امگا 3 بر شاخص های استرس اکسیداتیو در زنان باردار سالم انجام گرفت. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه مداخله ای به روش نمونه گیری طبقه ای از درمانگاه های دولتی شهر اراک، 100 نفر به روش در دسترس انتخاب و به دو گروه مداخله و شاهد (50 نفر در هر گروه) تقسیم شدند. در گروه مداخله، از هفته 16 (15 هفته و 6 روز) تا پایان حاملگی هر روز یک کپسول 1000 میلی گرمی روغن ماهی Salmon حاوی 180 میلی گرم EPA (Eicosapentaenoic acid) و 129 میلی گرم DHA (Docosahexaenoic asid) داده شد. در گروه شاهد مراقبت روتین مداخله ای انجام شد. در هفته 40-37 بارداری، پس از گرفتن cc5 نمونه خون از ورید براکیال سرم آن جدا و میزان لیپیدپراکسید، ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی تام و گروه های تیول اندازه گیری شد. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون تی دانشجویی و کای دو تجزیه و تحلیل گردید. یافته ها: میانگین لیپیدپراکسید در مادران گروه مورد و شاهد به ترتیب nmol/ml8/1±7/2 و 14/2±29/3 بود (05/0P>). همچنین میانگین گروه های تیول به ترتیب در گروه مورد و شاهد mmol/ml19/0±33/0 و 26/0±28/0 (05/0P>) و میانگین ظرفیت تام انتی اکسیدانی به ترتیب در گروه مورد و شاهد mol/ml3/1±5/1 و 45/0±71/0 بود (001/0

Study of estimation of serum LDH and uric acid in preeclampsia and it’s clinical correlation

Background: Preeclampsia occurs in 2-8% of pregnancies and a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. The objective of this study was to compare serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and uric acid levels in normotensive pregnant women and in women with preeclampsia and to correlate the maternal and perinatal outcomes and severity of the disease with serum LDH and uric acid levelsMethods: A prospective case control study conducted during the period of 18 months involving 100 normotensive pregnant women and an equal no. of patients with preeclampsia admitted under OBG department, Vani Vilas Hospital and Bowring and Lady Curzon hospital, which are affiliated to BMCRI, Bangalore. They were followed up till delivery and early post-partum period. Serum LDH and uric acid levels were sent and maternal and foetal outcomes studied.Results: There was statistically significant increase in levels of serum LDH and uric acid among cases compared to control group. Higher levels were also associated with significant maternal and foetal complications.Conclusions: We conclude from this study that the serum LDH and Uric acid are the inexpensive and reliable markers to predict severity and maternal and foetal outcomes in patients with preeclampsia

Radiation Induced Gastrointestinal Damage and Protection: Nigella Sativa Seed Extract and Thymoquinone

Ionising radiation therapy is a common treatment for different types of cancers. The side effects associated with radiation includes destruction of normal cells, especially the dividing cells. The cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and bone marrow are the primary targets. The GI damage is reflected by early histological changes, functional alterations and symptoms of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. This has been designated as the radiation syndrome. Many synthetic drugs have been used to treat GI disorders but a definite cure has not been discovered so far and these available medications also cause several side effects. The herbal extracts are being tested for long time as preventive food supplement/drug in this disease. The radio protective effects of Nigella sativa (black cumin, (Ranunculacea) is already reported but its mechanism of action is not well established. Here in this review this aspect has been explored with special reference to various in vitro and in vivo models

THE EFFECTS OF CIGARETTE SMOKING ON PLASMA MDA AND TAC IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

ABSTRACT Cigarette smoke contains 4,720 toxic and mutagenic substances such as carbon monoxide, aromatic hydrocarbons and nicotine. Smoking has always been considered one of the main causes of oxidative stress. Because of smoking, several free radicals are produced in the body that can damage vital macromolecules such as proteins and lipids. In recent years, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) has been considered as the most important factors of oxidative stress by researchers. In this study, which was conducted as a comparative study 15 smoker university students who smoke at least one year were considered as treatment group and 15 nonsmoker university students were selected as a control group, all with no history of illness and medication and weighing 70 to 75 kg. The results of the present study showed that smoking does not cause significant changes in the parameters of the understudied population