Effects of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on yield, growth and nutrient contents of organically grown strawberry

The effects of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on the fruit yield, growth and nutrient element content of strawberry cv. Fern were investigated under organic growing conditions between 2006 and 2008. The experimental plot was a completely randomized design with 3 replicates. Three PGPB strains (Pseudomonas BA-8, Bacillus OSU-142 and Bacillus M-3) were used alone or in combination as biofertilizer agent in the experiment. Data through 3 years showed that the use of PGPB significantly increased fruit yield, plant growth and leaf P and Zn contents. Root inoculation of M3 and floral and foliar spraying of OSU-142 and BA-8 bacteria stimulated plant growth resulting in significant yield increases. M3 + BA-8, BA-8 + OSU-142, M3, M3 + OSU-142 and BA-8 applications increased cumulative yield by 33.2%, 18.4%, 18.2%, 15.3% and 10.5%, respectively. Number of fruits per plant significantly increased by the applications of M3 + BA-8 (91.73) and M3 (81.58) compared with the control (68.66). In addition, P and Zn contents of strawberry leaves with bacterial inoculation significantly increased under organic growing conditions. Available P contents in soil were increased from 0.35 kg P2O5/da at the beginning of the study to 2.00, 1.97 and 1.82 kg P2O5/da by M3 + OSU-142, M3 + BA-8 and M3 + BA-8 + OSU-142 applications, respectively. Overall, the results of this study suggest that root inoculation of Bacillus M3 alone or in combination with spraying Bacillus OSU-142 or Pseudomonas BA-8 have the potential to increase the yield, growth and nutrition content of strawberry plant under organic growing conditions

Effects of Rhizobacteria Application on Leaf and Fruit Nutrient Content of Different Apple Scion–Rootstock Combinations

The plant pomological characteristics and physiological behaviors of genotypes in modern apple cultivation could be different depending on the use of rootstock, changing growth ecology and application of biological control agents. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of rhizobacteria application on leaf and fruit nutrient contents in different apple scion–rootstock combinations. This study was carried out with seven standard cultivars (Scarlet Spur, Red Chief, Fuji, Jeromine, Galaxy Gala, Granny Smith, and Golden Reinders) budded on M.9 and MM.106 rootstocks. In the experiment, trees were sprayed by a nitrogen + phosphorus solvent rhizobacteria three times, with an interval of 15 days in the spring period. The effect of rhizobacteria application on leaf and fruit nutrient contents was statistically significant and provided generally significant positive contributions, except for leaf Mg content. Comparing both rootstocks, the positive effect of bacterial application was higher on the M.9 rootstock for leaf N and B content and fruit N and Fe content, and on the MM.106 rootstock for other nutrient content. While the effects of bacterial application on the basis of cultivars were generally positive, the highest positive contribution was made in leaf P content (10.7%) and fruit Mn content (32.1%) of the Fuji cultivar. Considering the total increase in nutrients in scion–rootstocks combination, rhizobacteria application had a positive effect on the leaf nutrient contents in Golden Reinders/MM.106, but not leaf K content. The highest increases in leaves of scion-rootstock combinations were determined as 4.0% in N content in Granny Smith/M.9, 14.1% in P content in Scarlet Spur/MM.106, 7.1% in K content in Fuji/MM.106, 4.4% in Ca content in Jeromine/M.9, and 14.0% in Mg content in Granny Smith/MM.106. The highest increase in fruit nutrient contents was between 4.9% (N content) and 13.5% (Ca content) for macro elements, and between 9.5% (Cu content) and 41.8% (Mn content) for microelements. The results of the present study may provide significant leads for further studies on this subject.Effects of Rhizobacteria Application on Leaf and Fruit Nutrient Content of Different Apple Scion–Rootstock CombinationspublishedVersio

Enzyme Dynamic in Plant Nutrition Uptake and Plant Nutrition

Soil contains enzymes, constantly interacting with soil constituents, e.g. minerals, rhizosphere and numerous nutrients. Enzymes, in turn, catalyse important biochemical reactions for rhizobacteria and plants, stabilize the soil by degrading wastes and mediate nutrient recycling.The available enzymes inside soil could originate from plants, animals or microbes. The enzymes that are produced from these organism could exhibit intracellular activities, at the cell membrane, interacting therefore with soil and its constituents, or extracellularly (so freely available). Therefore, vis-à-vis to plant nutrition, the (extra or sub) cellular localization has a key role. Typical major enzymes available in soil can be listed as dehydrogenases, hydrogenases, oxidases, catalases, peroxidases, phenol o-hydroxylase, dextransucrase, aminotransferase, rhodanese, carboxylesterase, lipase, phosphatase, nuclease, phytase, arylsulphatase, amylase, cellulase, inulase, xylanase, dextranase, levanase, poly-galacturonase, glucosidase, galactosidase, invertase, peptidase, asparaginase, glutaminase, amidase, urease, aspartate decarboxylase, glutamate decarboxylase and aromatic amino acid decarboxylase. An interesting strategy for improving the nutritional quality of the soil would be to inoculate microorganism to soil while giving attention to mineral or other compounds that affect enzyme activity in soil. Since, some elements or compounds could show both activation and inhibitory effect, such as Fe, Na, etc. metals, the regulation of their bioavailability is crucial

The epidemiology and factors associated with nocturnal enuresis among boarding and daytime school children in southeast of Turkey: a cross sectional study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Nocturnal enuresis is an important problem among young children living in Turkey. The purpose of this study was to determine the possible differences in the prevalence of enuresis between children in boarding school and daytime school and the association of enuresis with sociodemographic factors.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This was a cross-sectional survey. A total of 562 self-administered questionnaires were distrubuted to parents from two different types of schools. One of them was a day-time school and the other was a boarding school. To describe enuresis the ICD-10 definition of at least one wet night per month for three consecutive months was used. Chi-square test and a logistic regression model was used to identify significant predictive factors for enuresis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The overall prevalence of nocturnal enuresis was 14.9%. The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis declined with age. Of the 6 year old children 33.3% still wetted their beds, while the ratio was 2.6% for 15 years-olds. There was no significant difference in prevalence of nocturnal enuresis between boys and girls (14.3% versus 16. 8%). Enuresis was reported as 18.5% among children attending day time school and among those 11.5% attending boarding school (p < 0.05). Prevalence of enuresis was increased in children living in villages, with low income and with positive family history (p < 0.05). After multivariate analysis, history of urinary tract infection (OR = 2.02), age (OR = 1.28), low monthly income (OR = 2.86) and family history of enuresis (OR = 3.64) were factors associated with enuresis. 46.4% of parents and 57.1% of enuretic children were significantly concerned about the impact of enuresis.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Enuresis was more frequent among children attending daytime school when compared to boarding school. Our findings suggest that nocturnal enuresis is a common problem among school children, especially with low income, smaller age, family history of enuresis and history of urinary tract infection. Enuresis is a pediatric public health problem and efforts at all levels should be made such as preventive, etiological and curative.</p

The Effects of Qur'anic Memorization on Students' Social and Self-Confidence Development -A Research on IHO Students Studying Qur'anic Memorization in Formal Education-

WOS: 000545481300012In this research, the effects of Qur'anic memorization education during formal education were examined on the social and self-confidence development of the students. Qur'an memorization in formal education, which was put into practice in 2014, differs from traditional Quranic memorization education with details such as being in the center of the school and being together with academic education. the research was carried out with a qualitative approach, interview method and with case study design. For the study group, a total of 4 project schools were selected from Istanbul, Konya, Sivas and Rize provinces. the participants; a total of 35 people consisting of students, Qur'anic memorization teachers, parents and teachers. in the study, some findings have been reached such as Qur'anic memorization with formal education was generally reflected positively on the social development of students due to the school environment; however, the situation develops negatively in those who carry out this training on a boarding basis; self-confidence development changes depending on whether they can complete Qur'anic memorization or leave incomplete; insufficiency of the time to become hafiz affects the development of social and self-confidence. As a result, although the school environment for Qur'anic memorization in formal education offers more opportunities and facilities in terms of the social and self-confidence development of the students compared to the traditional Qur'anic memorization education environments, it is not possible to say that the children have a sufficient level in terms of their developmental needs

Hafızlık Eğitiminin Öğrencilerin Sosyal ve Özgüven Gelişimlerine Etkisi -Örgün Eğitimle Birlikte Hafızlık Yapan İHO Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma-

WOS: 000545481300012In this research, the effects of Qur'anic memorization education during formal education were examined on the social and self-confidence development of the students. Qur'an memorization in formal education, which was put into practice in 2014, differs from traditional Quranic memorization education with details such as being in the center of the school and being together with academic education. the research was carried out with a qualitative approach, interview method and with case study design. For the study group, a total of 4 project schools were selected from Istanbul, Konya, Sivas and Rize provinces. the participants; a total of 35 people consisting of students, Qur'anic memorization teachers, parents and teachers. in the study, some findings have been reached such as Qur'anic memorization with formal education was generally reflected positively on the social development of students due to the school environment; however, the situation develops negatively in those who carry out this training on a boarding basis; self-confidence development changes depending on whether they can complete Qur'anic memorization or leave incomplete; insufficiency of the time to become hafiz affects the development of social and self-confidence. As a result, although the school environment for Qur'anic memorization in formal education offers more opportunities and facilities in terms of the social and self-confidence development of the students compared to the traditional Qur'anic memorization education environments, it is not possible to say that the children have a sufficient level in terms of their developmental needs

The Phenomenon of Sexual Abuse and Privacy Education

WOS: 000461228300003The general definition of sexual abuse is the sexual utulization of individuals with out their consent. It is a legal, moral and religional crime from the beginning dimension of harrassment and exhibitionism to the more tragic dimensions such as pedophilia and incest. Surveys reveal this phenomenon is not underestimated in the society and is gradually increasing. Sexual abuse, especially when it occurs with children, causes great spiritual destruction in the early stages of life. Sexual abuse is a problem of privacy education. It takes advantage of the pshical intimacy. Privacy can be categorized as information, place and physical. the most significant share of increases in sexual abuse incidents as an output of social moral resolution is the deterioration in the perception of privacy and inadequacy of privacy education. A strong privacy education beyond contributing to the reduction of the phenomenon of sexual abuse in the society, creates the facility to humanely live without violating the spiritual limits of others in according to divine comand. the problem of this study is the relationship of sexual abuse to intimacy and its education. in the study before, the situation of sexual abuse in the society and the sources of this problem were determined by research data. After this the general and religious framework of the privacy phenomenon and important principle about privacy education was revealed

An Analysis on the Articles of Religious Education Published in Journals Other Than the Journals of Theology

WOS: 000457255100006The articles produced in theology in Turkey are pubished in journals of theology faculties and other social science journals. This study analyzes the articles on religious education published in journals other than the journals of theology. the purpose of this study covering the years 1953-2018 is to analyze in point of qualitative and quantitative situations, numerical distribution according to the journals, subject area diversity, scientific research methods used, contributions of different sicience branches, author numbers and foreign language writing. Research is a type of descriptive and cross-sectional screening based on document analysis and content analysis. There are 1029 articles with theme of religious education published in other journals except journals of theology faculty. According to the results of the research, the religious education articles have a very wide subject network and the majority of the articles should work at the theoretical level. Research is important in terms of revealing the latest state of religious education articles

Evaluation of Annual Legumes and Barley as Sole Crops and Intercrop in Spring Frost Conditions for Animal Feeding II. Mineral Composition

Sole grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.), sole common vetch (Vicia saliva L.), sole barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), common vetch + barley intercrop, common vetch (I) and barley (1) in terns of mineral contents were assessed in the present study for animal feeding. Common vetch + barley intercrops were separated as common vetch (called as common vetch 1) and barley (called as barley 1). The experiment was designed in a factorial arrangement of a randomized complete block design with 3 replications and carried out at the research station at Kelkit Aydin Dogan Vocational Training School, Gumushane University, in 2006 and 2007. All the plants had important potential in terns macro and micro mineral contents in animal feeding. There were significant differences between years in Mg, Ca, P, Mn, Fe and Cu contents. According to the results, sole grass pea, sole common vetch and common vetch (I) in Mg, sole grass pea, common vetch (1) and sole common vetch in Ca, common vetch (I), sole grass pea and sole common vetch in Mn and sole barley and sole grass pea in Cu were rich for animal feeding. If farmers want rich forage in terns of Mg, Ca and Mn, they should select sole grass pea and sole common vetch cultivation. If farmers want rich forage in terms of Cu, they should choose sole grass pea and sole barley cultivation

Linguistic adaptation and psychometric properties of the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale among a heterogeneous sample of adolescents in Turkey

Objective The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale is a semistructured, interview-based assessment tool, which is increasingly being used for clinical and research purposes across the globe, despite its limited psychometric evaluation outside of English-speaking populations. The aim of this study was to linguistically adapt the measure and investigate reliability, validity, and factor structure of the Turkish version of the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale in a heterogeneous sample of psychiatric and nonpsychiatric outpatient adolescents. Method The study included four clinical groups: two psychiatric, nonsuicidal outpatient groups (depression group (N = 50) and nondepression group (N = 50)), suicidal group (N = 43), and nonpsychiatric general practitioners' group (N = 70). All participants were interviewed with the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale and suicidality module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for children and adolescents. They also completed the Suicide Probability Scale, Child Depression Inventory, Beck Hopelessness Scale, and their parents filled in the Child Behavior Checklist. Results The scale was found to be a solidly reliable measure with good internal consistency and agreement among interviewers. It correlated in the expected direction with self- and parent-report measures of associated constructs (e.g., depression) as well as suicidality. Consistent with the developers' intent of theoretical subscales, a three-factor solution (i.e., the severity of suicidal ideation, the intensity of suicidal ideation, and suicidal behavior) fit the data well, and it fit the data significantly better than the alternative models. Last, the Turkish Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale successfully discriminated the adolescents with a recent history of suicide attempts from other clinical groups. Conclusion The Turkish version of the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale is a reliable and valid instrument to assess suicide risk among adolescents