High throughput sequencing in acute lymphoblastic leukemia reveals clonal architecture of central nervous system and bone marrow compartments

No abstract available

Liposomal Bupivacaine Infiltration and Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Versus Standard of Care for Post Caesarean Pain Control: A Retrospective Chart Review

Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block and wound infiltration with local anesthetics are shown to reduce opiate use and pain scores when compared to controls who received narcotic pain medications. With the current opiate epidemic, finding different ways to control pain without opiates is important,-to prevent unnecessary use of these drugs and reduce the potential for addiction in patients having a Cesarean delivery who often times receive opiate medications on schedule regardless of their reported pain

The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism

Large-scale projects are providing rapid global access to a wealth of mouse genetic resources to help discover disease genes and to manipulate their function

Acceptability of Parental Financial Incentives and Quasi-Mandatory Interventions for Preschool Vaccinations: Triangulation of Findings from Three Linked Studies.

BACKGROUND: Childhood vaccinations are a core component of public health programmes globally. Recent measles outbreaks in the UK and USA have prompted debates about new ways to increase uptake of childhood vaccinations. Parental financial incentives and quasi-mandatory interventions (e.g. restricting entry to educational settings to fully vaccinated children) have been successfully used to increase uptake of childhood vaccinations in developing countries, but there is limited evidence of effectiveness in developed countries. Even if confirmed to be effective, widespread implementation of these interventions is dependent on acceptability to parents, professionals and other stakeholders. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review (n = 11 studies included), a qualitative study with parents (n = 91) and relevant professionals (n = 24), and an on-line survey with embedded discrete choice experiment with parents (n = 521) exploring acceptability of parental financial incentives and quasi-mandatory interventions for preschool vaccinations. Here we use Triangulation Protocol to synthesise findings from the three studies. RESULTS: There was a consistent recognition that incentives and quasi-mandatory interventions could be effective, particularly in more disadvantaged groups. Universal incentives were consistently preferred to targeted ones, but relative preferences for quasi-mandatory interventions and universal incentives varied between studies. The qualitative work revealed a consistent belief that financial incentives were not considered an appropriate motivation for vaccinating children. The costs of financial incentive interventions appeared particularly salient and there were consistent concerns in the qualitative work that incentives did not represent the best use of resources for promoting preschool vaccinations. Various suggestions for improving delivery of the current UK vaccination programme as an alternative to incentives and quasi-mandates were made. CONCLUSIONS: Parental financial incentives and quasi-mandatory interventions for increasing uptake of preschool vaccinations do not currently attract widespread enthusiastic support in the UK; but some potential benefits of these approaches are recognised.National Institute for Health Research (Grant ID: HTA 11/97/01)This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from PLOS via http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.015684

Investigations into the photophysical and electronic properties of pnictoles and Their pnictenium counterparts

The reaction of phosphole/arsole starting materials with a series of halide abstraction reagents afforded their respective phosphenium/arsenium complexes. UV–vis absorption and luminescence studies on these cations showed interesting emission profiles, which were found to be dependent upon counterion choice. The addition of a reductant to the phosphole reagent garnered a dimeric species with a central P–P bond, which when heated was found to undergo homolytic bond cleavage to produce an 11π radical complex. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, was used to characterize this radical species

Developing and implementing an Einsteinian science curriculum from Years 3 to 10 : Part A Concepts, rationale and learning outcomes

There has been a growing realisation that school science curricula do not adequately reflect the revolutionary changes in our scientific understanding of the 20th century. This discrepancy between current school education and our modern scientific understanding has led to calls for the modernisation of the science curriculum. Although there have been attempts to introduce topics of Einsteinian physics (i.e., quantum physics and relativity) to school education, often at the secondary level, we still lack a seamless curriculum in which modern science concepts are gradually introduced in primary and middle schools. Guided by the Model of Educational Reconstruction and following a mixed-methods research design, the Einstein-First project aims to address this gap. Einstein-First has developed and implemented an Einsteinian curriculum from Years 3 to 10 (students aged 7- 16) that resolves the disconnect between science in schools and the modern world. This paper presents the concepts, rationale, and learning outcomes of the curriculum implementation in six Australian schools with 315 students across Years 3 to 10. Our findings lay the foundation for informed curriculum development towards a school education that can enhance students' understanding and appreciation of the fundamental concepts of modern science and its impact on our society

Modeling Partial Monosomy for Human Chromosome 21q11.2-q21.1 Reveals Haploinsufficient Genes Influencing Behavior and Fat Deposition

Haploinsufficiency of part of human chromosome 21 results in a rare condition known as Monosomy 21. This disease displays a variety of clinical phenotypes, including intellectual disability, craniofacial dysmorphology, skeletal and cardiac abnormalities, and respiratory complications. To search for dosage-sensitive genes involved in this disorder, we used chromosome engineering to generate a mouse model carrying a deletion of the Lipi–Usp25 interval, syntenic with 21q11.2-q21.1 in humans. Haploinsufficiency for the 6 genes in this interval resulted in no gross morphological defects and behavioral analysis performed using an open field test, a test of anxiety, and tests for social interaction were normal in monosomic mice. Monosomic mice did, however, display impaired memory retention compared to control animals. Moreover, when fed a high-fat diet (HFD) monosomic mice exhibited a significant increase in fat mass/fat percentage estimate compared with controls, severe fatty changes in their livers, and thickened subcutaneous fat. Thus, genes within the Lipi–Usp25 interval may participate in memory retention and in the regulation of fat deposition

RoHS VS. REACH WHAT DOES THIS MEAN TO I/T HARDWARE COMPANIES AND DATA MANAGEMENT?

ABSTRACT RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) regulations (1) vary by geography, e.g., EU RoHS, China RoHS Hazardous substance table, individual U.S. states, cities, etc. The information needed to be gathered for material declarations vary as the regulatory requirements change. However, most RoHS requirements focus on a common theme, e.g., removal and/or reduction of hazardous substances With respect to the European Union (EU) RoHS requirements, various exemptions have been granted, albeit some have an expiration date. On the other hand, EU REACH legislation (2) has no such provision. In either case the ability to readily assess the concentration of substances in articles (SIA) for REACH or in homogeneous materials for ROHS is needed. When preparing to meet EU REACH requirements for I/T electronic hardware, the focus is on tracking, communication, and notification of certain substances in articles, while RoHS focuses on eliminating or restricting the use of heavy metals and other substances in homogeneous materials. Because of the larger number of potential chemicals involved (Substances of Very High Concern, SVHC, candidates), and the fact that there are no exemptions applicable to hardware products, the REACH requirements can be a challenging task for companies. With EU REACH, if you exceed the stated concentration level of SVHC candidates in articles (e.g., hardware products), producers and importers in the EU are subject to communication and possibly notification requirements. This drives extensive information requests throughout the supply chain. These regulations drive requirements for quantitative and qualitative chemical data and an increased need for the surveillance of emerging regulations as they are being formulated so that one can design compliance processes that are ahead of what will become firm requirements. This paper will attempt to outline data collection options that the electronics industry can deploy in connection with their supply chain and with their clients to develop material composition information systems necessary to comply with both RoHS and REACH requirements. This paper is not meant to be the silver bullet, but rather the start of a brainstorming session to develop options and possibilities that will produce a new and common approach that can enable the electronics industry to collect material composition data for hardware products in a more effective and efficient manner