Non infectious intermediate and posterior uveitis: Treatment and place of local steroids

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Valuation activity of Public Institutions in northeastern Lavalle (Mendoza, Argentina), according to goat producers = Valoración de la actividad de las Instituciones Públicas en el Noreste de Lavalle (Mendoza, Argentina), según los productores del sector caprino

The objective of this research was to know how the goat producer perceives the public institutions linked to rural development processes of arid of La Asunción, Lavalle Department, Mendoza Northeast, Argentina. For this, a descriptive - exploratory study of cross cutting was developed, through a survey of 29 producers of a total of 40 residents. The public entities analyzed were: Dirección de Ganadería, CONICET, INTA Lavalle, Lavalle Municipality, Secretaría de Agricultura Familiar and Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. The survey results showed the INTA Lavalle as the best known entity in the area (92.9% of the producers), followed by the Municipality and the Secretariat with 75.86%. As for the institutional participation in specific goat production advice, the Dirección de Ganadería is that of higher participation with talks and specific meetings in the goat theme, covering the 38.52% of participation, followed by the Secretariat (21.26% ), and Lavalle Municipality (16.09%) and being the most appropriate themes feeding (25,29%) and facilities (16.67%). As for the institution acceptance, the Municipality showed the highest producers accordance with 48.28%, being the foundation, the subsidy provisions and tools without refund, added to that the institution is in constant contact with the population and in many cases, producer relatives works in it. It is stresses that 10.34% of the producers showed dissatisfaction with all. In the case of Dirección de Ganadería , the acceptance was only 3.45%, being the producers justification that is an organism that requires the loans refund, which does not provide subsidies, controls the animals moving, requires own register of marks and signals, is responsible for mandatory vaccinations, among othersEl objetivo del presente trabajo fue conocer como percibe el productor caprino a las instituciones públicas vinculadas a procesos de desarrollo rural de árido de La Asunción, Departamento de Lavalle, Noreste de Mendoza, Argentina. Para ello se desarrolló un estudio de tipo descriptivo - exploratorio de corte transversal, a través de una encuesta realizada a 29 productores de un total de 40 residentes. Las entidades públicas analizadas fueron: Dirección de Ganadería, CONICET, INTA Lavalle, Municipalidad de Lavalle, Secretaría de Agricultura Familiar y la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Los resultados de la encuesta mostraron al INTA Lavalle como la entidad más conocida en la zona (92.9% de los productores), seguida de la Municipalidad y la Secretaría con 75.86%. En cuanto a la participación institucional en asesoramiento en producción caprina específica, la Dirección de Ganadería es la de mayor participación con charlas y reuniones específicas en la temática caprina, cubriendo el 38,52% de participación, seguido de la Secretaria (21,26%), y la Municipalidad de Lavalle (16,09%) y siendo las temáticas más abordada alimentación (25.29%) e instalaciones (16.67%). En cuanto a la aceptación de la institución, la Municipalidad mostró la mayor conformidad de los productores con 48.28%, siendo el fundamento, la provisión de subsidios y herramientas sin devolución, sumado a que la institución se encuentra en permanente contacto con la población y en muchos casos, familiares de los productores trabajan en ella. Se destaca que 10.34% de los productores mostraron disconformidad con todas. En el caso de la Dirección de Ganadería, la aceptación fue solo de 3.45%, siendo la justificación de los productores que es un organismo que obliga a la devolución de créditos, que no entrega subsidios, controla el tránsito de animales, obliga a poseer padrón de marcas y señales, es responsable de la vacunación obligatoria, entre otrasEEA Rama CaídaFil: Dayenoff, Patricio Mario. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rama Caída; ArgentinaFil: Schiarrone, C. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza; ArgentinaFil: Accorinti, C. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Las Zonas Aridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Las Zonas Aridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Las Zonas Aridas; ArgentinaFil: Morales, M. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza; ArgentinaFil: Pizarro Castaño, Juan Manuel. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza; Argentin

Clinical pattern of ocular toxoplasmosis treated in a referral centre in Serbia

Purpose To analyze the clinical pattern of ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) in a referral centre in Serbia. Patients and methods The medical records of consecutive patients admitted for OT to the single referral centre for uveitis in Serbia between 2006 and 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. OT was diagnosed on the basis of typical fundus lesions and positive serology for Toxoplasma. Results In a total of 457 uveitis patients, OT was the third leading cause, with 59 patients (12.9%). Most OT cases (73%) were monocular. An active primary retinal lesion was observed in 36% and recurrent OT in 64% patients. Localization of lesions was central/paracentral (44%), juxtapapillar (27%), peripheral (19%), and multifocal (10%). Other ocular manifestations of inflammation included vitritis (44%), anterior uveitis (19%), and retinal vasculitis (10%). Complications included choroidal neovascularization in two and exudative retinal detachment with cataract, glaucoma, and cystoid macular oedema in one patient each. The detection of Toxoplasma-specific IgM antibodies in a single patient indicates a low rate of OT concomitant with acute infection. After treatment, the mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) increased significantly. However, 14 (24%) patients ended up legally blind in the affected eye, of which 2 (3%) with bilateral blindness, all with a very poor BCVA (0.047 +/- 0.055) at presentation. Visual impairment and treatment outcome were both associated with central localization of lesions (P lt 0.0001 and P = 0.006, respectively). Conclusion OT is a significant cause of posterior uveitis in Serbia. Patients should be aware of the recurring nature of OT and react immediately if symptoms occur. Eye (2012) 26, 723-728; doi: 10.1038/eye.2012.20; published online 24 February 201

Guidance on Noncorticosteroid Systemic Immunomodulatory Therapy in Noninfectious Uveitis: Fundamentals Of Care for UveitiS (FOCUS) Initiative

Topic: An international, expert-led consensus initiative to develop systematic, evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of noninfectious uveitis in the era of biologics. Clinical Relevance: The availability of biologic agents for the treatment of human eye disease has altered practice patterns for the management of noninfectious uveitis. Current guidelines are insufficient to assure optimal use of noncorticosteroid systemic immunomodulatory agents. Methods: An international expert steering committee comprising 9 uveitis specialists (including both ophthalmologists and rheumatologists) identified clinical questions and, together with 6 bibliographic fellows trained in uveitis, conducted a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol systematic review of the literature (English language studies from January 1996 through June 2016; Medline [OVID], the Central Cochrane library, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, BIOSIS, and Web of Science). Publications included randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective studies with sufficient follow-up, case series with 15 cases or more, peer-reviewed articles, and hand-searched conference abstracts from key conferences. The proposed statements were circulated among 130 international uveitis experts for review. A total of 44 globally representative group members met in late 2016 to refine these guidelines using a modified Delphi technique and assigned Oxford levels of evidence. Results: In total, 10 questions were addressed resulting in 21 evidence-based guidance statements covering the following topics: when to start noncorticosteroid immunomodulatory therapy, including both biologic and nonbiologic agents; what data to collect before treatment; when to modify or withdraw treatment; how to select agents based on individual efficacy and safety profiles; and evidence in specific uveitic conditions. Shared decision-making, communication among providers and safety monitoring also were addressed as part of the recommendations. Pharmacoeconomic considerations were not addressed. Conclusions: Consensus guidelines were developed based on published literature, expert opinion, and practical experience to bridge the gap between clinical needs and medical evidence to support the treatment of patients with noninfectious uveitis with noncorticosteroid immunomodulatory agents

Diagnostic techniques for inflammatory eye disease: past, present and future: a review

Investigations used to aid diagnosis and prognosticate outcomes in ocular inflammatory disorders are based on techniques that have evolved over the last two centuries have dramatically evolved with the advances in molecular biological and imaging technology. Our improved understanding of basic biological processes of infective drives of innate immunity bridging the engagement of adaptive immunity have formed techniques to tailor and develop assays, and deliver targeted treatment options. Diagnostic techniques are paramount to distinguish infective from non-infective intraocular inflammatory disease, particularly in atypical cases. The advances have enabled our ability to multiplex assay small amount of specimen quantities of intraocular samples including aqueous, vitreous or small tissue samples. Nevertheless to achieve diagnosis, techniques often require a range of assays from traditional hypersensitivity reactions and microbe specific immunoglobulin analysis to modern molecular techniques and cytokine analysis. Such approaches capitalise on the advantages of each technique, thereby improving the sensitivity and specificity of diagnoses. This review article highlights the development of laboratory diagnostic techniques for intraocular inflammatory disorders now readily available to assist in accurate identification of infective agents and appropriation of appropriate therapies as well as formulating patient stratification alongside clinical diagnoses into disease groups for clinical trials

dispersal and reception in northern italy comparing systems along the brenner route

In the last decades, policy restrictions and practices at national and local levels have curtailed the rights of seekers and holders of international protection, thus impacting on their lives and on the territories they transit through. This is particularly evident in border contexts. Various border areas have gradually transformed into internal hotspots, with increasing border enforcement. This includes Brenner, situated at the border between Italy and Austria. In the wider Brenner route area, particularly in the nearby Italian cities of Verona, Trento and Bolzano, "spaces of transit" have emerged and both public and humanitarian actors have been "forced" to deal with it. This chapter draws upon the work of the multilevel governance of migration (Caponio and Borkert 2010), and on the proliferation of borders (Mezzadra and Neilson 2016), to present a comparative analysis of the reception scenario in these three cities. By building on qualitative data analysis (legal analysis of policy documents, content analysis of interviews and newspaper articles), it discusses to what extent and how the respective local systems of reception have managed to cater for migrants that transit through them. Similarities and differences are pointed out, as well as the relevance of factors such as geographical proximity in influencing the respective approaches

Politiche e pratiche sociali per l’accoglienza dei minori non accompagnati in Italia - Policies, practices and data on unaccompanied minors in Italy

Il volume riporta il contributo italiano allo studio sulle politiche, le pratiche e i dati sui minori stranieri non accompagnati promosso a livello europeo dall'European Migration Network (EMN) nel 2014, con l'obiettivo di informare sui cambiamenti verificatisi negli Stati membri dopo il 2009 e di fornire nuove statistiche. Nella pubblicazione c'è tanto passato, con una attenta retrospettiva della storia dei minori dagli anni cinquanta ad oggi, c'è tanto presente, con statistiche aggiornate su presenze e caratteristiche dei MSNA in Italia, c'è tanto futuro, perché l' analisi sugli specifici profili che connotano il fenomeno consente di valutare e modulare l'assetto complessivo degli interventi programmabili, a vantaggio dei giovani stranieri innanzitutto, delle istituzioni impegnate a vario livello, dell'intera collettività, cui va riconosciuto, in relazione a qualunque dinamica migratoria, comunque un ruolo da protagonista Il testo presenta le linee di intervento sociale e assistenziale per minori stranieri non accompagnati presenti in Italia. In particolare si affronta: l'identificazione e l'accertamento dell'età dei minori, le azioni di prevenzione, la tutela legale, l'assistenza sanitaria, l'istruzione, l'integrazione con la collettività ospitante, il lavoro che permetta di aiutare la famiglia d'origine, le procedure previste per il riconoscimento di protezione internazionale, il rilascio di permessi di soggiorno, il rimpatrio e il ritorno volontario

Bisogni delle famiglie migranti e sistemi di welfare locale

Con una duplice ottica della sociologia della famiglia migrante e del sistema di intervento territoriale, il presente lavoro intende offrire un quadro complessivo di riflessioni finalizzate a una nuova comprensione della qualità sociale del 'welfare familiare straniero', proponendo linee di ricerca e di valutazione di servizi e interventi