114 research outputs found
Sudakov expansions at one loop and beyond for charged scalar and fermion pair production in SUSY models at future Linear Colliders
We consider the high energy behaviour of the amplitudes for pair production
of charged leptons, quarks, Higgs bosons, sleptons, squarks and charginos at
lepton colliders. We give the general expressions of the leading quadratic and
subleading linear logarithms that appear at the one loop level, and derive the
corresponding resummed expansions to \underline{subleading} logarithmic order
accuracy. Under the assumption of a relatively light SUSY scenario and choosing
the MSSM as a specific model, we compare the predictions of the one-loop and of
the resummed expansions at variable energy. We show that the two predictions
are very close in the one TeV regime, but drastically differ in the few ()
TeV range.Comment: 43 pages, 13 Encapsulated PostScript figure
Physics of W bosons at LEP
The high-energy and high-luminosity data-taking campaigns of the LEP e^+e^-
collider provided the four collaborations, ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL, with
about 50000 W-boson pairs and about a thousand singly-produced W bosons. This
unique data sample has an unprecedented reach in probing some aspects of the
Standard Model of the electroweak interactions, and this article reviews
several achievements in the understanding of W-boson physics at LEP. The
measurements of the cross sections for W-boson production are discussed,
together with their implication on the existence of the coupling between Z and
W bosons. The precision measurements of the magnitude of triple gauge-boson
couplings are presented. The observation of the longitudinal helicity component
of the W-boson spin, related to the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking,
is described together with the techniques used to probe the CP and CPT
symmetries in the W-boson system. A discussion on the intricacies of the
measurement of the mass of the W boson, whose knowledge is indispensable to
test the internal consistency of the Standard Model and estimate the mass of
the Higgs boson, concludes this review.Comment: To appear in a special issue of Physics Reports celebrating the 50th
anniversary of CER
Analysis of risk and prognostic factors in a population of pediatric patients hospitalized for acute malnutrition at the Chiulo hospital, Angola
Malnutrition is a multifactorial pathology in which genetic, epigenetic, cultural, environmental, socio-economic factors interact with each other. The impact that this disease has on the health of children worldwide is dramatic. Severe acute malnutrition in particular is a disease affecting nearly 20 million preschool children worldwide, most of them in Africa and South East Asia
Dietary habits in children of immigrant families from developing countries: an Italian multicentre study
Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary habits of immigrant children
who come to Italy from developing countries, and of their families.
Methods. A multicentre cross-sectional study was carried out from Jan. 1st 2003 to Dec.
31st 2004. The study population comprised 1284 immigrant mothers, 629 infants, and 767
children with more than 2 years of age. A structured questionnaire was employed to inquire
retrospectively on dietary habits and, on breastfeeding, complementary breastfeeding,
bottle-feeding and weaning.
Results. Exclusive and complementary breastfeeding was more frequent and of longer duration
among immigrant infants than Italian infants, but not compared to infants living in
the immigrants’ native countries, compared to whom breastfeeding was lower and of
shorter duration. Age and manner of weaning among immigrant infants were similar to
Italian ones. Immigrant children older than 2 years preferred foods from their native countries
only in a few cases, and the rates of their morning and afternoon snacks were higher
in Italy than in their native countries. In Italy, immigrant children consume eggs, fish, vegetables,
legumes, and tea less often, and bread, pasta and oat flakes more often than in their
native countries. These dietary habits might likely be related to both being born and having
migrated to Italy since more than 4 years. Immigrant families are also inclined to adopt
Italian dietary habits.
Conclusions. Our investigation suggests that immigrant children and their families are
adopting Italian eating habits. Considering the association between diet in infancy and
childhood, and the development of some diseases later on in life, paediatricians must pay
great attention to dietary habits among immigrant children
Increased percentages of calprotectin and TNF-Α double-positive monocytes in the acute phase of Kawasaki disease
Changes in immunohistochemical levels and subcellular localization after therapy and correlation and colocalization with CD68 suggest a pathogenetic role of Hsp60 in ulcerative colitis.
In an earlier work, the role of heat shock protein
(Hsp60) in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) was
suggested by its significant increase in the pathological mucosa
parallel with an increase in inflammatory cells. More data in this
direction are reported in this work. We analyzed by immunohistochemistry
biopsies of colon tissue from 2 groups of patients with
UC and treated with either 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) alone or
in combination with a probiotic. We looked for inflammatory
markers and Hsp60. Both the treatments were effective in reducing
symptoms but the group treated with both 5-ASA and probiotics
showed better clinical results. Amelioration of symptoms was
associated with reduction of both inflammation and Hsp60, a
reduction that was most marked in the group treated with 5-ASA
and probiotics. The levels of Hsp60 positively correlated with
those of CD68-positive cells, and double immunofluorescence
showed a high index of colocalization of the chaperonin and CD68
in lamina propria. Immunoelectron microscopy showed thatHsp60Fclassically a mitochondrial proteinFwas abundantly
also present in cytosol in biopsies taken at the time of diagnosis,
but not after the treatment. Our data suggest that Hsp60 is an
active player in pathogenesis of UC and it can be hypothesized
that the chaperonin is responsible, at least in part, for initiation
and maintenance of disease
- …