Development of bambangan (Mangifera pajang) carbonated drink

Mangifera pajang Kostermans or bambangan is a popular fruit among Sabahan due to its health and economic values. However, the fruit is not fully commercialized since it is usually been used as traditional cuisine by local people. Thus, development of bambangan fruit into carbonated drink was conducted to produce new product concept. The objectives of this study were to conceptualize, formulate, evaluate consumer acceptance, and determine physicochemical properties and nutritional composition of the accepted product. Method used in conceptualising the product was based on questionnaire. The consumer acceptance was evaluated based on descriptive and affective tests with four product formulations tested. The physicochemical properties on carbon dioxide volume, colour, pH, total acidity, total soluble solid (TSS) and viscosity were highlighted, meanwhile nutritional composition on fat, protein, carbohydrates and energy content were determined. About 77% respondents gave positive feedback, and 69% respondents decided this product is within their budget. The formulation of 5% bambangan pulp, 70% water, 25% sugar and 0.2% citric acid was highly accepted in descriptive and affective tests with 4.4 and 6.39 mean scores, respectively. The physicochemical properties and nutritional composition of the acceptance product were in optimum value except for colour, total acidity and TSS. Overall, this study showed that the product has high potential to be commercialized as new product concept, and heritage of indigenous people can be preserved when this fruit is known regionally

Analisis Pengaruh Program Makmur Terhadap Peningkatan Produksi Usahatani Padi

Rice is the basic food product consumed by every Indonesian citizen. Tempuran and Pedes sub-districts are the areas that contribute to the highest rice production in Karawang Regency. The instability of rice production in Karawang Regency is due to problems such as the narrowing land area due to land conversion, limited use of subsidized fertilizers, and expensive pesticide prices. The Makmur programme is one form of effort to overcome rice production problems. This study aims to analyze the effect of land area, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, labour, machinery, and the Makmur program dummy on rice production. The research method used in this research is the descriptive quantitative method. The data collection method was carried out by interviewing and observing all participants of the Makmur programme. The data were processed using IBM SPSS 26 and analyzed using the multiple regression analysis method with cobb-douglas production function. The results showed that: the production of all variables had a significant effect, and partially the variables in the regression calculation before the Makmur program, namely the variable labour (lnX5) and machine power (lnX6) had a significant effect on rice production (Y). In the regression calculation after the Makmur program all variables, namely land area, (lnX1), seeds (lnX2), fertilizer (lnX3), pesticides (lnX4), labour (lnX5) and engine power (lnX6), do not have a significant effect on rice paddy production (lnY). In the regression calculation with the Makmur program dummy, namely pesticides (lnX4) and labour (lnX5) have a significant influence on the dependent variable or rice paddy production (lnY).Padi merupakan produk pangan dasar penduduk di Indonesia yang dikonsumsi setiap. Kecamatan Tempuran dan kecamatan pedes menjadi daerah yang berkontribusi terhadap hasil produksi padi terbanyak di Kabupaten Karawang. Ketidakstabilan produksi padi di Kabupaten Karawang disebabkan permasalahan seperti luas lahan yang menyempit adanya alih fungsi lahan, penggunaan pupuk subsidi yang dibatasi, harga pestisida yang mahal. Program Makmur merupakan salah satu bentuk upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan produksi padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh luas lahan, benih, pupuk, pestisida, tenaga kerja, tenaga mesin, dan dummy program Makmur terhadap produksi padi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kuantitatif deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan pengamatan pada seluruh peserta program Makmur. Data diolah menggunakan IBM SPSS 26 dan dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis regresi berganda dengan fungsi produksi cobb-douglas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: terhadap produksi seluruh variabel berpengaruh signifikan, dan secara parsial variabel pada perhitungan regresi sebelum program Makmur yaitu variabel tenaga kerja (lnX5) dan tenaga mesin (lnX6) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi padi (Y). Pada perhitungan regresi sesudah program Makmur seluruh variabel  yaitu luas lahan, (lnX1), benih (lnX2), pupuk (lnX3), pestisida (lnX4), tenaga kerja (lnX5) dan tenaga mesin (lnX6), tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap terhadap Produksi padi (lnY). Pada perhitungan regresi dengan dummy program Makmur yaitu pestisida (lnX4) dan tenaga kerja (lnX5)  memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel dependent atau terhadap produksi padi  (lnY)

PSIDIUM GUAJAVA LEAVES COMPOUND AS ANTI-INFLAMMATION: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Psidium guajava leaves are plants that have been widely used to treat health problems, such as inflammation. Guava leaves are one of the parts used in this plant. People use guava leaves because it can be reached and has minimal side effects. The aim of this study was to identify the content available in guava leaves and their bioactivity as anti-inflammatory. The design of this study uses systematic reviews. Article are taken from electronic databases such as Scopus, Pubmed, ProQuest, and Science Direct. Articles are taken from 2013 to 2019 with the keywords “phytochemical” OR “chemical” OR “compounds” AND “psidium guajava leaves” AND “anti-inflammation”. The review results of 3 articles explained that guava leaves contain ingredients that can be useful as anti-inflammatory. Guava leaves provide a great effect or benefit to inflammation

Antiproliferative activity of five garcinia species collected in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo against estrogen receptor-human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cell line

Garcinia species are well-known for their unique properties of having natural secondary metabolite compounds called xanthone as well as their ethnomedicinal values such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. The study was conducted to investigate the antiproliferative activity of peel, flesh and seed extracts of G. dulcis, G. parvifolia, G. nitida, G. mangostana var. mangosta and G. cambogia collected from Malaysian Borneo (Sabah) against estrogen receptor-positive human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cells. The antiproliferative activity was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results showed that G. dulcis seed induced strongest antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cancer cell line with the IC50 value of 2.5±0.0 μg/ml, followed by G. dulcis flesh, G. mangostana var. mangostana peel and G. dulcis peel with IC50 values of 9.33 ± 3.21, 11.17 ± 1.04 and 17.67 ± 2.08 μg/ml, respectively. Meanwhile, the IC50 value for G. cambogia peel was 56.67 ± 10.5 μg/ml. No IC50 value was detected in all parts of G. parvifolia and G. nitida at concentration tested (<100 μg/ml). Overall, this study clearly showed that the whole fruit of G. dulcis displayed potent cytotoxic effect by inducing antiproliferative activity at low concentration. Further studies are needed in the future to develop this fruit as pharmaceutical and nutraceutical product for the treatment and prevention against cancer

Efektivitas kesehatan seluler untuk memantau kepatuhan pengobatan pada pasien hipertensi: A systematic review

Pendahuluan: Dewasa ini perkembangan teknologi informasi dapat meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan. Ponsel adalah alat sistem manajemen pengingat untuk meningkatkan gaya hidup. Ulasan ini bertujuan untuk menilai efektivitas mHealth dari sistem manajemen pengingat untuk pasien hipertensi. Metode: Tinjauan ini mengidentifikasi lima belas studi yang relevan mengikuti inklusi yang ditentukan (pasien dengan Hipertensi, menggunakan pengingat SMS, pengingat Telepon, pengingat mHealth, jenis studi: RCT) dan kriteria eksklusi (studi yang fokus pada penyakit kronis yang bukan hipertensi). Hasil: enam belas artikel yang terlibat ditemukan dan ditinjau. Ponsel digunakan sebagai alat untuk memantau kepatuhan pengobatan dan melaporkan pengukuran tekanan darah untuk pemantauan gaya hidup. Simpulan: mHealth membantu pasien untuk mengelola hipertensi. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut terkait pemantauan gaya hidup penderita hipertensi

Effectiveness of different cleanup sorbents for the determination of avermectins in fish by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

An effectiveness and comparative study of cleanup sorbents used in dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) for the determination of avermectins, including emamectin (EMA), abamectin (ABA), doramectin (DOR), moxidectin (MOX), and ivermectin (IVE), was performed. Three different types of cleanup sorbents, alumina (Al), primary and secondary amine (PSA) and octadecyl (C18), were used to remove the matrix interference in fish samples. Homogenised fish samples were extracted with acetonitrile, magnesium sulphate anhydrous and sodium chloride. The cleanup sorbents were separately applied to the supernatant during the DSPE procedure; the mixtures were shaken and centrifuged, and the supernatant was dried. The extracts were reconstituted with acetonitrile/water and quantified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionisation in the positive mode with two product ions that were monitored by selected reaction monitoring. The performance of each cleanup sorbent was observed for its accuracy and precision in a spiked blank sample at a concentration of 5 μg kg−1. The combination of the cleanup sorbents PSA and C18 was found to be the most effective in the cleanup of the fish samples. In the validation tests, the detection limit was in the range of 0.3 μg kg−1 to 0.4 μg kg−1, and the quantitation limit for all avermectins was 1 μg kg−1 in the linearity range of 1–15 μg kg−1. The recoveries of avermectins were 91.9–102.5%, with a relative standard deviation lower than 19%

An analytical approach on parametric estimation of cure fraction based on weibull distribution using interval censored data.

In this article, we consider the Bounded Cumulative Hazard (BCH) model that is more appropriate than mixture cure model in case of cancer clinical trials when the population of interest contains long-term survivors or cured. We propose this cure rate model based on the Weibull distribution with interval censored data. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method is proposed to estimate the parameters within the framework of expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, Newton Raphson method also employed. The analysis showed that the cure fraction cannot be obtained analytically, but may be obtained from the numerical solution of the estimated equations. A simulation study is also provided for assessing the efficiency of the proposed estimation procedure

Turnbull versus Kaplan-Meier estimators of cure rate estimation using interval censored data

This study deals with the analysis of the cure rate estimation based on the Bounded Cumulative Hazard (BCH) model using interval censored data, given that the exact distribution of the data set is unknown. Thus, the non-parametric estimation methods are employed by means of the EM algorithm. The Turnbull and Kaplan Meier estimators were proposed to estimate the survival function, even though the Kaplan Meier estimator faces some restrictions in term of interval survival data. A comparison of the cure rate estimation based on the two estimators was done through a simulation study

The Effect of Corn Silk Ethanol Extract (Zea Mays. L) on Decreasing the Blood Glucose Levels

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease which on serious complications. Corn Silk complementary herbal therapies were effective in decreasing blood glucose levels. The study aimed to examine the effect of corn silk ethanol extract (Zea mays L) on reducing the blood glucose levels. This study used a true experimental, pre-test, and post- test with the non-equivalent control group. Eighteen mice tail samples were recruited using random allocation technique sampling and divided into two groups (interventions and control groups). Data analysis was performed and presented in descriptive statistics, and significant findings were computed using the paired t-test. The results showed that the decrease in Glucose intervention group downhill from 144,33+11,543 to 137,78+5,740 after the intervention. Meanwhile, in the control group, the mean in Glucose increases from 134,00+10,124 to 153,78+7,412. The paired t-test obtained a p-value of 0.000, indicating that there were significant differences in the effect of giving Corn Silk ethanol extract (Zea mays L) to decrease glucose levels the intervention and the control group. Conclusion: Giving Corn Silk Ethanol Extract (Zea Mays L) can lower Glucose Levels