Optimization of Circuits for IBM's five-qubit Quantum Computers

IBM has made several quantum computers available to researchers around the world via cloud services. Two architectures with five qubits, one with 16, and one with 20 qubits are available to run experiments. The IBM architectures implement gates from the Clifford+T gate library. However, each architecture only implements a subset of the possible CNOT gates. In this paper, we show how Clifford+T circuits can efficiently be mapped into the two IBM quantum computers with 5 qubits. We further present an algorithm and a set of circuit identities that may be used to optimize the Clifford+T circuits in terms of gate count and number of levels. It is further shown that the optimized circuits can considerably reduce the gate count and number of levels and thus produce results with better fidelity

A Study of Wellness Education as a Burnout Coping Strategy

Introduction: The MedScape National Physician Burnout & Depression 2018 report states that over 40% of responding physicians reported burnout, with 12% reporting clinical depression. As such, there is a need to study burnout mitigation. Objective: This study seeks to validate the hypothesis that intervention will prevent burnout and promote physician well-being. Methods: 200 medical professionals attending the November 2018 NMPRA conference in Orlando were administered a survey to assess attitudes and prevalence of burnout. Education about burnout was provided through an information booth, handouts, and discussions. A monthly newsletter about wellness will seek to inspire participants. Another survey after 6 months will re-assess attitudes and burnout and the data will be analyzed. Results: Of 56 surveys returned, 66% were female respondents. 34% of responders have been practicing under 5 years, while 28% have over 20 years of practice. 63% of males and 86% of females reported burnout. While 72% reported participation in wellness activities, over 93% thought they worked too hard. At least 50% thought they were appreciated and supported at work by their colleagues, and 85-90% thought their work was meaningful. 73% of males and 62% of females blamed lack of sleep for burnout. Discussion: While physicians by and large are satisfied with their job and feel well supported, burnout is widespread, especially among females. Time pressure and wellness being lower priority may be issues, and this seems to indicate that the planned interventions should have a positive effect on wellness outcomes

Analysing Tuberculosis Trends in South Asia

Tuberculosis (TB) has been one of the top ten causes of death in the world. As per the World Health Organization (WHO) around 1.8 million people have died due to tuberculosis in 2015. This paper aims to investigate the spatial and temporal variations in TB incident in South Asia (India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Maldives, Nepal, and Sri-Lanka). Asia had been counted for the largest number of new TB cases in 2015. The paper underlines and relates the relationship between various features like gender, age, location, occurrence, and mortality due to TB in these countries for the period 1993-2012

Retrospect, resurgence and prospects of micelles

Recent studies on micellar systems were systematically overviewed, paying special attention to Gemini surfactants, mixed micelles, clouding phenomena and microemulsions. Gemini surfactants are surfactants that have two hydrophilic groups and two hydrophobic groups per amphiphilic molecule, rather than the single hydrophilic and single hydrophobic group of conventional surfactants. The greater efficiency and effectiveness of geminis over comparable conventional surfactants make them more cost effective as well as environmentally desirable. Mixed micelles have received wide attention for several decades, both in theoretical studies and in practical applications, because of their distinctive behaviour in comparison with normal micellar systems. Clouding (cloud point, CP) is a well known phenomenon observed in non-ionic surfactants. For charged micelles (i.e., ionic surfactants), the phenomenon rarely occurs, however, under special conditions, the CP in ionic surfactant solutions is observed. Some amphiphilic drugs, like ionic surfactants, also undergo pH-, concentration-, and temperature- dependent phase separation. It was observed that their CP can vary with additives. Due to their unique properties, namely, thermodynamic stability, ultralow interfacial tension, large interfacial area and the ability to solubilize otherwise immiscible liquids, microemulsions have attained increasing significance both in basic research and in industry. The uses and applications of microemulsions have been numerous. Several reviews on micellar systems and their applications have been published. However, this topic is developing quite rapidly and it is hoped that this review will help newcomers in the field as well as those already involved in this field

Mucormycosis or black fungus: An emerging threat in COVID-19

Abstract not available BSMMU J 2021; 14 (COVID -19 Supplement): 51-5

Loop Amplitudes in the Coulomb Branch of N=4\mathcal{N}=4 Super-Yang-Mills Theory

We study four point loop amplitudes at an arbitrary point in the Coulomb branch of $\mathcal{N}=4$ super-Yang-Mills theory. We study two particle unitary cuts up to four loop order. We explicitly verify that bubble and triangle graphs do not contribute at one loop level and show that the results hold at higher loop level as well. We also write down an all loop recursion relation for two particle reducible graphs for four point amplitudes.Comment: Two references are added. One footnote is added in the discussion sectio

Potency test of a rape accused in India – Rationale, problems and suggestions in light of the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013

AbstractIndian legal system makes it mandatory to medically examine any accused of rape as well as other forms of sexual assault. Accused is brought in the police custody for conducting medical examination which includes general physical examination, potency test and evidence collection. The medical examination report of the accused is labeled as the “POTENCY TEST REPORT”. As per the changed definition of rape after Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013, potency test stands irrelevant in rape cases because the changed law does not require peno-vaginal intercourse to call it as rape. However, even after the change in definition of rape and laws related to it, potency test is still a mandatory part of medical examination of accused. Displeasure about the same has also been raised by a fast track court of Delhi. In this paper, we have discussed the rationale of potency test of sexual assault in light of Criminal Law Amendment Act (2013), court judgment and other available literature