“Giant breast lipoma” an unusual presentation: a rare case report

Lipomas are most common benign tumour derived from adipose tissue. Lipoma breast is somewhat difficult to diagnose clinically because of fatty consistency of breast. So preoperative diagnostic work up like FNAC, USG, mammography are important to confirm the diagnosis. Lipoma breast measuring more than 10cm in diameter or weighining more than 1kg is called giant lipoma of breast are tumour infrequently observed. Because of rarity, size & location we presented a case report of giant breast lipoma including USG, mammographic FNAC and intraoperative finding with review of literature

GeoChat: Grounded Large Vision-Language Model for Remote Sensing

Recent advancements in Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown great promise in natural image domains, allowing users to hold a dialogue about given visual content. However, such general-domain VLMs perform poorly for Remote Sensing (RS) scenarios, leading to inaccurate or fabricated information when presented with RS domain-specific queries. Such a behavior emerges due to the unique challenges introduced by RS imagery. For example, to handle high-resolution RS imagery with diverse scale changes across categories and many small objects, region-level reasoning is necessary alongside holistic scene interpretation. Furthermore, the lack of domain-specific multimodal instruction following data as well as strong backbone models for RS make it hard for the models to align their behavior with user queries. To address these limitations, we propose GeoChat - the first versatile remote sensing VLM that offers multitask conversational capabilities with high-resolution RS images. Specifically, GeoChat can not only answer image-level queries but also accepts region inputs to hold region-specific dialogue. Furthermore, it can visually ground objects in its responses by referring to their spatial coordinates. To address the lack of domain-specific datasets, we generate a novel RS multimodal instruction-following dataset by extending image-text pairs from existing diverse RS datasets. We establish a comprehensive benchmark for RS multitask conversations and compare with a number of baseline methods. GeoChat demonstrates robust zero-shot performance on various RS tasks, e.g., image and region captioning, visual question answering, scene classification, visually grounded conversations and referring detection. Our code is available at https://github.com/mbzuai-oryx/geochat.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure

Giant cell tumor of right thumb: a rare case report

Giant cell tumour of soft tissue (GCT-ST) resembling osseous giant cell tumour is a distinct and uncommon entity. Here we present a 58 year old woman with a 1 year history of swelling located on the base of right thumb diagnosed on histology as giant cell tumour of soft tissue. The surgeon should keep a differential diagnosis as GCT-ST for any swelling of the finger.Giant cell tumour of soft tissue (GCT-ST) resembling osseous giant cell tumour is a distinct and uncommon entity. Here we present a 58 year old woman with a 1 year history of swelling located on the base of right thumb diagnosed on histology as giant cell tumour of soft tissue. The surgeon should keep a differential diagnosis as GCT-ST for any swelling of the finger. Keywords: Soft tissue, Giant cells tumor, Benign tumor, Tumor of finge

Suture less 3D mesh repair of sliding inguinal hernia: a case report

Sliding hernias involving the urinary bladder are rare, almost exclusively seen in men. As a result of slipping of the posterior parietal peritoneum on the underlying retroperitoneal structures, the posterior wall of the sac is not formed of the peritoneum alone, but by a portion of the bladder on either side. This case report presents the case of a 54 year old male patient with  Right groin swelling since two years, gradually increasing in size with complaints of  pain at the site of the swelling prior to voiding and also, an increase in the size of the swelling on retaining urine for a long duration. Based on clinical and radiological findings patient was diagnosed with Sliding inguinal hernia with bladder component, and underwent Open suture less 3D Mesh repair, with replacement of the bladder in the retroperitoneal space. The aim of this case report is to highlight the successful surgical management of a rare sliding hernia involving the urinary bladder using suture less 3D mesh repair

Comparative Evaluation of Masson's Trichrome and Picrosirius Red Staining for Digital Collagen Quantification Using ImageJ in Rabbit Wound Healing Research

The therapeutic potential of Pluronic F127 (PF127) hydrogel loaded with adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (AdSVF), mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSC), and conditioned media (AdMSC-CM) for repairing full-thickness skin wounds was evaluated using a rabbit model. The rabbits were randomly divided into eight groups with six animals each and treatment was given as per the predetermined protocol (3 doses at one-week interval): Group A (Control), Group B (AdSVF), Group C (AdMSC), Group D (AdMSC-CM), Group E (PF127), Group F (AdSVF + PF127), Group G (AdMSC + PF127), and Group H (AdMSC-CM + PF127). Skin tissue samples were collected from the healing wounds on day 28 for staining and collagen quantification. Collagen density (Area %) was quantified using tissue sections stained with Masson's Trichrome (MT) and Picrosirius Red (PSR) stain using the Colour Deconvolution plugin of ImageJ and RGB stack method, respectively. These techniques function based on separating different colour channels in the stained tissue sections to isolate the collagen fibers and then quantifying them through thresholding and image analysis. Across the treatment groups, both staining methods generally showed a trend of increased collagen density compared to the control group. For most groups, PSR staining consistently indicated slightly lower collagen densities than MT staining. However, the overall trends were similar in both staining. The comparison between PSR and MT staining methods revealed that both techniques effectively assess collagen density in healing wounds. However, there were subtle differences in the absolute values obtained, with PSR staining tending to yield slightly lower collagen density measurements than MT. These differences can be attributed to the distinct mechanisms of these staining methods. Therefore, both staining methods can digitally quantify collagen density in wound healing research

Optimization of Formic Acid-Formalin-Based Decalcification Protocol for Rat Calvarial Bone Histology

Decalcification is crucial in histological processing, particularly for studying mineralized tissues like bone. The choice of decalcification method can significantly impact the quality of histological sections and the preservation of tissue morphology. This study aims to establish a standardized protocol for decalcifying rat calvarial bone using a formic acid-formalin-based decalcification solution. The protocol was systematically optimized and evaluated based on various parameters, including decalcification time, formic acid concentration, and tissue integrity preservation. The decalcification process was evaluated through comprehensive assessments, including gross physical examination, chemical analysis, and radiographic imaging techniques. Our result demonstrated that the 10% formic acid concentration proved most effective for decalcifying rat calvarial bone samples within eight days, excelling in mineral content removal while preserving specimen structural integrity. In contrast, the 5% concentration failed to complete decalcification within ten days, and the 15% compromised sample quality within eight days. Histological analyses confirmed the efficacy of the 10% formic acid concentration in maintaining tissue integrity and achieving optimal staining quality. The standardized protocol presented in this study provides an effective and reliable approach for achieving consistent and high-quality histological sections of rat calvarial bone. An ideal decalcification agent should effectively remove calcium salts, preserve structural integrity and molecular components, facilitate rapid yet minimally damaging decalcification, and ensure ease of handling for laboratory personnel. Further exploration of its applicability to different bone types or species is recommended to broaden its research utility