19,415 research outputs found
Supersymmetry breaking in a warped slice with Majorana-type masses
We study the five-dimensional (5D) supergravity compactified on an orbifold
S^1/Z_2, where the U(1)_R symmetry is gauged by the graviphoton with Z_2-even
coupling. In contrast to the case of gauging with Z_2-odd coupling, this class
of models has Majorana-type masses and allows the Scherk-Schwarz (SS) twist
even in the warped spacetime. Starting from the off-shell formulation, we show
that the supersymmetry is always broken in an orbifold slice of AdS_5,
irrespective of the value of the SS twist parameter. We analyze the spectra of
gaugino and gravitino in such background, and find the SS twist can provide
sizable effects on them in the small warping region.Comment: 1+20 pages, 6 figure
Aftershocks in Modern Perspectives: Complex Earthquake Network, Aging, and Non-Markovianity
The phenomenon of aftershocks is studied in view of science of complexity. In
particular, three different concepts are examined: (i) the complex-network
representation of seismicity, (ii) the event-event correlations, and (iii) the
effects of long-range memory. Regarding (i), it is shown the clustering
coefficient of the complex earthquake network exhibits a peculiar behavior at
and after main shocks. Regarding (ii), it is found that aftershocks experience
aging, and the associated scaling holds. And regarding (iii), the scaling
relation to be satisfied by a class of singular Markovian processes is
violated, implying the existence of the long-range memory in processes of
aftershocks.Comment: 28 pages, 6 figures and 1 table. Acta Geophysica, in pres
Scherk-Schwarz SUSY breaking from the viewpoint of 5D conformal supergravity
We reinterpret the Scherk-Schwarz (SS) boundary condition for SU(2)_R in a
compactified five-dimensional (5D) Poincare supergravity in terms of the
twisted SU(2)_U gauge fixing in 5D conformal supergravity. In such translation,
only the compensator hypermultiplet is relevant to the SS twist, and various
properties of the SS mechanism can be easily understood. Especially, we show
the correspondence between the SS twist and constant superpotentials within our
framework.Comment: 16 pages, no figur
Consistent dimensional reduction of five-dimensional off-shell supergravity
There are some points to notice in the dimensional reduction of the off-shell
supergravity. We discuss a consistent way of the dimensional reduction of
five-dimensional off-shell supergravity compactified on S^1/Z_2. There are two
approaches to the four-dimensional effective action, which are complementary to
each other. Their essential difference is the treatment of the compensator and
the radion superfields. We explain these approaches in detail and examine their
consistency. Comments on the related works are also provided.Comment: 25 pages, no figure, LaTeX; published versio
Generalized molecular chaos hypothesis and H-theorem: Problem of constraints and amendment of nonextensive statistical mechanics
Quite unexpectedly, kinetic theory is found to specify the correct definition
of average value to be employed in nonextensive statistical mechanics. It is
shown that the normal average is consistent with the generalized
Stosszahlansatz (i.e., molecular chaos hypothesis) and the associated
H-theorem, whereas the q-average widely used in the relevant literature is not.
In the course of the analysis, the distributions with finite cut-off factors
are rigorously treated. Accordingly, the formulation of nonextensive
statistical mechanics is amended based on the normal average. In addition, the
Shore-Johnson theorem, which supports the use of the q-average, is carefully
reexamined, and it is found that one of the axioms may not be appropriate for
systems to be treated within the framework of nonextensive statistical
mechanics.Comment: 22 pages, no figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
On the one-loop Kahler potential in five-dimensional brane-world supergravity
We present an on-shell formulation of 5d gauged supergravity coupled to
chiral matter multiplets localized at the orbifold fixed points. The brane
action is constructed via the Noether method. In such set-up we compute
one-loop corrections to the Kahler potential of the effective 4d supergravity
and compare the result with previous computations based on the off-shell
formalism. The results agree at lowest order in brane sources, however at
higher order there are differences. We explain this discrepancy by an ambiguity
in resolving singularities associated with the presence of infinitely thin
branes.Comment: 20 page
Thermodynamic processes generated by a class of completely positive quantum operations
An attempt toward the operational formulation of quantum thermodynamics is
made by employing the recently proposed operations forming positive
operator-valued measures for generating thermodynamic processes. The quantity
of heat as well as the von Neumann entropy monotonically increases under the
operations. The fixed point analysis shows that repeated applications of these
operations to a given system transform from its pure ground state at zero
temperature to the completely random state in the high temperature limit with
intermediate states being generically out of equilibrium. It is shown that the
Clausius inequality can be violated along the processes, in general. A
bipartite spin-1/2 system is analyzed as an explicit example.Comment: 22 pages and 1 figure. Modern Physics Letters B, in pres
Gauged Symmetries and Fayet-Iliopoulos Terms in 5D Orbifold Supergravity
We discuss a gauged supergravity on five-dimensional (5D) orbifold
() in which both a -even U(1) gauge field and the -odd
graviphoton take part in the gauging. Based on the off-shell
formulation of 5D supergravity, we analyze the structure of Fayet-Iliopoulos
(FI) terms allowed in such model. Introducing a -even gauge field
accompanies new bulk and boundary FI terms in addition to the known integrable
boundary FI term which could be present in the absence of any gauged
symmetry. Some physical consequences of these new FI terms are examined.Comment: 1+17 pages, 9 figures, typeset in JHEP styl
Statistical quantum operation
A generic unital positive operator-valued measure (POVM), which transforms a
given stationary pure state to an arbitrary statistical state with perfect
decoherence, is presented. This allows one to operationally realize
thermalization as a special case. The loss of information due to randomness
generated by the operation is discussed by evaluating the entropy.
Thermalization of the bipartite spin-1/2 system is discussed as an illustrative
example.Comment: 10 pages, no figure
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