Postcolonial Critical Pedagogy of English Language: Formulating Good Practices

Initially due to colonial invasion, and later through globalization and neocolonial power relations, the English language has increased in its all-pervasive authority. The superior status of English over other languages is maintained in all sectors, including its pedagogy, at the structural level through gatekeeping policies, at the functional level through extending its scope, and the cultural level through the normalized attitudes and professional/social practices relating the language. To mitigate this situation and to advance the cause of linguistic decolonization and linguistic human rights, I intend to derive recommendable good practices for a Postcolonial Critical Pedagogy of English Language (PCPEL). The formulation of PCPEL is carried out by using the constructive grounded theory method under the methodological framework of generic benchmarking for an eclectic selection of quality statements suitable for multiple postcolonial settings. These quality aspects are accumulated from the relevant literature in a cross-matching and iterative or constant-comparative manner through coding, conceptualizing and categorizing. The outcome is a list of twenty quality standards under four quality categories for English language teaching (ELT)—ELT policy essues, ELT principles, ELT content, and ELT methods—which may be used as a quality framework to implement and assess ELT from a postcolonial critical perspective

CONSTRUCTIVISM AND REFLECTIVISM AS THE LOGICAL COUNTERPARTS IN TESOL: LEARNING THEORY VERSUS TEACHING METHODOLOGY

The gist of the entire constructivist learning theory is that learners are self-builders of their learning that occurs through a mental process in a social context or communication setting, and teachers as facilitators generate learning by creating the expected environment and/or utilizing the process. This article theoretically proves reflectivism as the logical counterpart of constructivism through establishing their complete interdependence and then suggests certain strategies of reflection to be used in language teaching for ensuring the best possible constructivist learning of language learners. In doing so, the basic tenets of constructivism and reflective thoughts are elaborated, examining their mutual connection thoroughly in terms of constructivist recommendations. The research also focuses on three case studies to depict how the theory of constructivist learning principles comes into practice through judicious reviews or reflective process

E-branding: Context in Bangladesh

Although commercial internet has been around for over a decade, and a vast amount of practitioner and scholarly literature on internet marketing activities of firms has accumulated, relatively little empirical work has been undertaken on the branding strategies of internet companies. From a global branding perspective the international aspects of such e-branding activities have received even less systematic research attention. This study covers the e-branding context in Bangladesh through some statistical evaluation. In our country though the infrastructure of the ICT is not very well, but the growing information technology provides the organization to enroll e-branding in order to survive in the market The analyses provide that e-branding is cost effective in our country and it is recommended that the ICT infrastructure should be expanded to get actual benefit from e-branding. Key words: e-branding, branding, digital brandin

Students' Attitudes towards Internet: A study on Private Universities of Bangladesh

This study investigated the attitude of private university students in Bangladesh towards internet. Results from the study indicated that students had positive attitudes toward using the Internet as a learning tool, adequate basic knowledge of the Internet, viewed Internet is a fastest way to reach knowledge, and Internet has a potential to be an effective training tool. The results also revealed that the students exhibited positive attitudes toward the Internet irrespective of gender, again in contradiction to most other findings. Possible reasons and the implications of these findings will be elaborated and discussed. Keywords: Students' Attitudes, Internet use, Private Universit

Impact of Capital Adequacy on Profitability Under Basel II Accord: Evidence from Commercial Banks of Bangladesh

This paper explores the effect of several bank specific variables including capital adequacy on the profitability of listed commercial banks operating in Bangladesh. Determinants of banks’ profitability like ROA and ROE have been assessed by the panel data (232 observations) of 29 listed banks out of 30, for the time period of eight years (2007-2014). These sample banks cover approximately 62% of total banking sector asset in the year 2014 in Bangladesh. In this study, profitability has been quantified in terms of regulatory capital, operating efficiency, bank’s asset size, loan structure and leverage. This study found that the regulatory capital held by banks is greater than the minimum capital requirement guided under Basel II accord. Again, it has been showed that explanatory variables like capital adequacy, operating efficiency and loan structure are positively related to profitability of a bank. Keywords: Basel II, bank profitability dimension, Bangladesh

A Strategy for Asymmetrical Measures to Reduce Bribery in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is one of the most corrupt countries with a rampant bribery scenario. In the public service sector of this country, service is almost considered to be unattainable without bribing the service providers. From the viewpoint of specialists and ad-hoc academicians, symmetric punishment measure has been a failed mechanism to stop rampant bribery. This study initially pondered the reasoning behind the severity of the bribery scenario in Bangladesh using the dataset of the National Households Survey's 2017 (NHS) of Transparency International Bangladesh (TIB). It analyzed the legal jurisdictions of bribery especially the penal code 1860. In this study, following Basu argument on the asymmetric punishment system (harassment bribe) for India, an asymmetric punishment measure has been proposed through a game theoretical explanation about how it will work for Bangladesh instead of the current symmetric one. This game-theoretical analysis shows that asymmetric punishment is more efficient for reducing rampant bribery in a country than symmetric punishment. The study suggests the government initiate an asymmetric punishment policy on bribery with a strict punitive measure and monitoring of bribe-taking which, with a qualitative approach and case study

Evaluation of in vivo analgesic, antiemetic and anxiolytic effect of methanolic extract of Litsea monopetala in animal model

Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate in vivo analgesic, antiemetic and anxiolytic effect of methanolic extract of Litsea monopetala in animal model.Materials and Methods:  Analgesic activity was performed by formalin induce method .The antiemetic activity was conducted by using chick animal model where mean decrease in number of retches were calculated and anxiolytic activity was done by using Elevated Plus Maze(EPM) and Hole board method.Results: The methanolic extract of Litsea monopetala at a dose of 400 mg/kg exhibited statistically significant(P<0.05) and produced  66.67%  of inhibition of paw licking in mice where standard drug showed 50 % inhibition. The extract further showed dose dependent and statistically(P<0.05) significant antiemetic activity at a dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg respectively. In addition the extract has showed excellent CNS depressant activity in both Elevated Plus Maze(EPM) and Hole board method in compare to standard drug diazepam.Conclusion: From our current study it is obvious that the extract has good analgesic, antiemetic and anxiolytic effect which may be due to the presence of  different chemical constituents like terpenes ,  flavonoids, tannins, saponin and sterols.Â

Innovative Work Environment, Internal Locus of Control and Intrinsic Job Satisfaction: Evidence from Bangladeshi Employees

Pecuniary reward and perquisites can satisfy employees extrinsically; however, employees become intrinsically satisfied if they are offered challenge and autonomy in their jobs.  Thus, jobs can be tailored to increase workers’ intrinsic job satisfaction. Moreover, if employees of an organization are given an innovative work environment, then it can satisfy them intrinsically as well. A workplace is innovative if it allows employees to take new initiatives, to change the existing systems, and to do jobs in a new way that is more efficient than the existing one. However, these phenomena are related to employees with a high internal locus of control, a personality trait desirable to employers in many jobs.  Given these theoretical backdrops, this paper studies the influence of innovative work environments on intrinsic job satisfaction of employees in Bangladeshi organizations. Data were collected from 304 employees working in Bangladeshi organizations to investigate these. The contribution of this paper is that the finding of this study can give deep insight and thus help them framing organizational policy and recruitment policy. Keywords: Intrinsic Satisfaction, Innovative Environment, Internal Locus of Control, Personality Trait JEL Classification: D23 DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/12-29-05 Publication date:October 31st 202

Problems Faced by Garments Workers: A Study on Matrix Sweaters Limited

This paper examines the problems confronted by Matrix Sweaters Limited workers. The study also attempts to identify the possible reasons for dispute among the workers. Results from the study have revealed that wage discrimination is the main problem for Garments workers and low salary for garments worker is the vital reason for industrial dispute. The analysis have also exposed that workload is not justifiable to labor act. The hypothesis test has proved that female garments workers faced more problems in compare to male workers. Keywords: Garment Industry, Wage Discrimination, Industrial Dispute, Bangladesh